rm
IT
SERAPH
H
H
A.
VOL. VI.-No. 98.
PfflliADELPHIA, WEDKESDAY, OCTOBER 24, 18G6.
DOUBLE SIIEET THREE CENTS.
9
THE CHAMPION PRESS
FOH PRESSING
tion,
WOOL,
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barmen, Pkinters, Manufacturers, Warehouse
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Space, want one.
Worked by Hsrad, Hone, Water, or Steam rower
Pressure wuk- three-horse povrerii TWUNi l'-FIVE
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The pressure tcquired is easily regulated.
yjSees not getout of order, and rcqoiret leu power to
ly accomplish the same rosuts than any other Press.
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For Cite Advantages It Pontile! Over
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READ THE RECOMMENDATIONS
Which arp from the Highest Authorities,
Given for the Value of the Invention,
evnd for the Advancement of Science
In Machinery,
Office of tbi Novrxtt Iron Works, I
w l owe, September 22, 18M. J
A. Bauwix, ieo, t
Dear Bin Having examined the model of your
Cotton Press, 1 am favoraoly impressed with the
Aesiyn, aseomoimng great power with the moat
simple combination of parts, so that there is the
least chance tor aelay caused oy breakdowns. Also
the mode ot applying; the power to produce the
rraauated effect by nleans ot the crown wheel and
ciew, is a combination of (treat simplicity and fine
fine mechanical arrangement to produce the result
with the least expenditure of power. Hoping you
Vili have success with it, 1 remain, yours truly,
ISAAC V. UULHEJ,
Constructing Engineer and Superintendent.
I Froorkss Maohinb Works, I
New ions Bontemberltf. 1888. 1
i A. Baldwin, Keg..-
Dear Sir: We aaiee entirely with the opinion
kxpnsced by the jreuilomeu of the "Novelty iron
In oiks," as reraras tne simplicity, strengtn and
lower of your Cotton Press.
iuapeutiuuy yours,
A & i liJiOWN fc CO., Proprietors.
WiBT POIST FODHDRY
Tom (rBIKa.PDTHAH COUMTr. N. Y.
A
iuiii eememwr. xomt
W have seen M Ba dwiu's Isew Patent Press.
We consider it one ol the best arranged maoliines
for t bo purpose, and have little doubt that it will
take a luadm? position in machinery for pressing
Cotton and o hor materials.
jttospoe luiiy vours,
J RUViPF, Constructing Enpfneer.
PElfc.lt B. LA. WisUM, Manager.
Eaolb Steak Engine Works, )
Hiw 1 ork, September 27, 18i6 j
Mb. Balswmi ,
i hT examined vour Press, and be iere it to b3
the best 1 hare ever seen, and that it win be gene-
rally used by tbe publio, when it is seen. It is wuat '
baa long been wanted a simple, powerful, and
durable Press I
WILLIAM McKENZIE, Proprietor.
Drt Dock Ikobt Works, I I
New York, September fed, 1868. J !
A. Baluwik; Eq j !
Dear Sir: 1 hare examined your Chamoion ;
Fief s. aod hare no be-i atlon in Bavins? that it is of :
great vower, combined with a simplic t? of e instruc
tion unequal ed br any machine ol its class i he
Jiower is without limitation, being capable ot exert- 1
ng, br the arrangement of its parts, to any extent
that may te teqaire i. RespeottuUy,
MI LSS CORYELL, Proprietor.
Globe Iro Works, I
New York, (September 27, lfttt J
A. BaldwiiEbq s
Dear Bin we save seen yum- u wnnuvi,
and find It to be a maofeme of great strengtn and
well as si did e in Us combinations. We
V consider it a valuable machine, and will aot fail te
give satisfaction to an wno may use n.
Very respectnaily yours,
n Jtf, M. W&irE fc CO., Proprietors.
PHCEinx Iron Works, 1
New ohk, September 28, 1836. f
A. Baldwin, 1bq :
Dear Sir : iVe have examined your Press In ope
ration, and we must say that we consider it the best
nf ii klnn that wa hare seen, and have no doubt
f that it will become a uselul and profitable machine
lor anj uiid rcri u 1 1 iuh in iuo, uu v .v jw..
beneUt. Kespectftillv,
MUBI llV, MoCUttOY k WAKDEV.
Constructing Engineers and Manufacturers ot Land
and Marine Fngines and Boilers. .
Ckoton aqcedtct Departiient, I
h ew Vork, Ootober 10, 18 W J
Champion Press Company:
Uonilemeni 1 have, at your request, oalou'ated
tbe power of your Press, and exam'oed its mode ot
action. Eno'osed pi care find drawing showing seven
ol floien t positions of the pross-lo. lower, aud also a
table giving tbe loroe exerted by the maoulue at
eaoh ot these port'ons ol its s'roie. I nave con
sidered the loroe of o e-horse power applied at tbe
crown wheel to be the motive power: and a ihouili
the mechanical advantages obtained from the pinion
and pulley in the machine I nave examined will in
crease us power, 1 tbmk that the maoliine proper
begins at its crown wheel. In order to find the
powcrof a Press when driven bv a steam engine,
you have on y to multiply the figures in the table bv
tbe power of the engine. I cannot but add that your
Press is an ingenious device, combining an astuu
I tailing power witd Deauuiui aiiuunoity clroum
f nances which do awav viith all iiabiilitea of wear
I and repair. Whon the lower link aporoaohe its
f Lbweat point, the mechanical advantage increases.
I Ui m,i innbea from the eud of the stroke th pres.
1 Jsuro from one horse power is 10J tons, and finally,
When both links come into the same place, it be-
eomea Infinite. Here is uo nunv lu
eiied, exceptl that fixedj by the resistance of the
"l eW , E. A. FTJRBTER, C. E.,
Examining Engineer to Croton Aqueduot Depart-
Drawing on Exhibit on at No. Broadway.
PEICE8 OF PEE3JE8 EANQE FEOM
t300 TO $5000'
TbeBcientiftcandlhe pnbllo are respectfully in
vited to cell and examine.
H. T. HELMBOLD, .
president Champion Press Company,
So. ! BBOADWAY, Hew lork,
Jo when U orders sboahl pe addreesed.
THE rOLlTKAL SITUATION.
LETTER FROM MR. BROWNING-
Examination of the Powers of the Seve
ral Branches of the Government Rep
resentation In the 8onth, Ete.
Washington, D. C, October 23. The follow,
ing important letter from Hon. 0.H. Browning,
Eecretary of the Interior, will appear in the
National Intelligencer to-morrow. It was writ
ten to some of bis former constituents, and on
being submitted to tbe President, be fully ap
proved It, and desired it to be made public,
with the understanding that it fully represented
bis present position:
secretary browning's letter.
Washington, October 13. To Colonel W. II.
Benneson and Major II. V. Sullivan, Quincy, 111.
Gentlemen: It would fjnve me great pleasure
to comply with your request, and visit Illinois
and meet my old friends and neighbors, and talk
to them face to face upon the great questions
now bctore the country. But it Is not practi
cable foi me to do so. My public duties forbid
it. Our Government is worth preserving. No
ficople were ever blessed with one better worth
t. But It is not certain thai we will save it.
There are now two tendencies in public affairs,
both ot which are fraught with danger. One is
to a centralized power in the General Govern
ment; tbe other an absorption by the Legisla
tive Department of many of the powers and pre
ropatives ot the Executive and the Judiciary.
The safety of a free Government is in keeping
tbe power near the people. This was well un
derstood by the statesmen who formed the
original thirteen Slates, sud united them and
tbeir people in one Federal Government, They
gave tome uovernmcnt oniy sucn powers as
were necessary for the welfare of the whole
people of the United State, reserving all other
powers to the States respectively and to their
people, and in framing State Constitutions and
laws they placed as much power as was com
patible with tbe general weliare of the State in
the government of counties, townships, and
lesser municipalities. To guard still further
against abuse, or too great concentration of
power they distributed the functions of Govern
ment, Stavvnnd Federal, In separate bodies of
magistracy.
The natural tendency of power is fo strengthen
Its hands and enlarge its sphere of action, and
if the Federal Government aborb great powers
heretofore reserved to the States, or If one
department usurps important functions of the
others, the structure of our complex system
will be radically changed, and our free Govern
ment will descend into despotism. The Legisla
tive is much the stTonerest of the department?,
and the most aggressive, because its members
are reepons'ble to no power but the will of the
dominant party for acts of usurpation.- It is
the only department from the encroachments of
which any serious danger to our institutions Is
to be apprehended. It has heretofore exercised
more Influence than is compatible with safety
and entire freedom over both tbe Executive and
the Judiciary.
It has sometimes impressed a pernicious in
fluence upon judicial action, and where it has
failed to accomplish that, in advance of fudg
ments has subsequently overruled and annulled
them. And without at all impugning the
motives of legislators, I may venture to say
that if ihe present Congress were not restrained
by positive and emphatic provisions of the Con
stitution they would greatly abridge, if they
did not altogether annihilate, the power ot
appointment to and removal from office now
confided to tbe Executive, and tbe salutary
restraint which he holds over legislation
through the veto power. This is a danger
always present when the Executive and the
Legislative departments are in antagonism, and
it is certain in times of high party excitement
to manifest itelt', no matter what patty may be
in power. Safety Is to be found only in hold
ing each department firmly and closely within
its orbit.
It tbe proposed amendments of the Constitu
tion be adopted, ner and enormous power will
be claimed and exerc'sed by Congress as war
ranted by such amendments, and the whole
structure of our Government will perhaps
gradually but yet surely be revolutionized. And
so with tbe Judiciary. If tbe proposed amend
ments be adopted, they may and certainly will
be used substantially to annihilate the State
judiciaries. The first section of tbe proposed
article contains, amoag other-', the following
provision: Nor shall any State deprive any
person of life, liberty, or property without due
process ot law.' Whv Insert such a provision in
tbe Federal Constitution? It already contains
the following!: "No person shall be deprived of
lite, liberty, or property wiuioui auo process ot
Tbis is identically the same, except that it is
a restraint upon tbe powers of tbe General Gov
ernment alone, and has no reference or applici
tion to State Governments. And most ot tha
State Constitutions. I believe all of them, con
tain a similar provision as a limitation upou tbe
poweie of tbe States respectively. No, when
In the Federal Constitution there is this guaran
tee azainet arbitrary and oppressive invasions
of the rights of the citizen by Federal authority,
and asimilarguaranteein tbe State Constitutions
, against like oppressive action by the State Gov
ernments, why insert in the Federal Constitu
tion a new provision, which has no reference
to the powers of the General Government, and
imposes no restraints upon it, but is simply a
repetition of a limitation upon the powers of
State Governments which is already present In
the State Constitutions f The object and pur
pose are maniiest. It Is to subordinate the
State judiciaries in all things to Federal super
vision and control; to totally annihilate tbe
independence and sovereignty of State udl
(laries in the administration of State
laws, aud the authority and control of
the States over matters of purely do
mestic and local concern. If the State
Judiciaries are subordinated, all the departments
ot tbe State Governments will be equally
subordinates; for all tbe S ate laws, let them
relate to what department of Government they
may, or to what domestic or local interest, will
be equally open to criticism, Interpretation,
and adjudication bv the Federal tribunals,
who-e judgments and decrees will be supreme,
and will override the decisions ot the Stale
Courts and leave them utterly powerless.
The Federal ludiclary has jurisdiction of all
question arising under tbe t'onMitulion and
laws of the United 8Ute, and by virtue of this
new provision, if adopted, every matter of judi
cial investigation, civil or criminal, however
insitmltlcan, may b drawn Into the vortex of
the Federal Judiciary. In a controversy between
two neighbors about the ownership of a pig,
the unsuccessful party may allege that the
State tribuuals haie deprived him of his pro
perty without due process of law, and take the
cae before the Federal tribunals tor revision.
So if a man be indicted ior larceny or other
crime, couvlcted and sentenced upon allegation
to deprivation of liberty, with due process of
lnw, we may trinsr the case before the Federil
tribunals for revUiou and reversal. So, too, if a
murderer be arrested, tried, convicted, and sen
tenced to be bunc, he may claim the protection
ol the new Constitutional provision, allege that a
State is about to depilve him of lite without
due process of law, and arrest all further pro
ceedines until the Federal Government shall
have inquired whether a State has a riirht to
punish ita own citizens for an Infraction of its
own laws, and bave granted permission to the
State tribunals to proceed. Under such a sys
tem tbe liberties of the peop'e could not long
be maintained. As already remarked, free
governments can be - preserved only by keep
ing tbe power near tbe people, to be ei
erctsed through local agencies. Under this
new system State and local authority wo'ild,
not at once disappear. - For some time they
would contest jurisdiction with the Federal
Government; but the inevitable and constantly
Increasing tendency would be for the control of
domestic aflatr, to steal away from the people,
the States, and local municipal bodies, and cen
tralize and concentrate In the hands of the
Federal Government: and as party conflicts in
tensified and part victories alternated, the
power would be more and more inexorably used
by the dominant party to punish its enemies,
teward its friends, and strengthen and per
petuate its hold upon the power and patronage
of tbe Government. Be assured, if this new
provision be enerafted in the Constitution, it
will, in time, change the entire strnctare and
texture of our Government, and sweep awav all
the guarantees of safety devised and provided
by our patriotic sires of tbe Revolution.
It is impossible to maintain our wise and
hapry form of government without preserving
tbe independence and sovereignty of the States
within tbeir appropriate and constitutional
spheres. They are ot primary and vital import
ance. The Stales may exist and perform all
their functions without the Union or tbe Fede
ral Government. The Union and tbe Federal
Government cannot exist without the States,
and they must be States of equality equal Jn
dignity, equal in rights, equal in power, equal
in tbe control, absolute and unconditional, ot
all tbit.gs pertaining to their internal and local
policy and interests. Another blow which the
proposed amendment aims at the Government
which our lathers founded, is In the change of
the basis of representation. This would be of
vry pernicious etlect. Agsregate population is
tbe true bnsis ol lepresentation.
No matter how the elective franchise be dis
poped of, whether exercised by a few or many,
all classes ot the community are represented.
Tbe interests of all classes of people in the same
community are so interwoven and commingled
that they cannot be separated, and whoever
wields the representative power must do it for
the good or ill ot all, perhaps not precisely in
the same degree, but he cannot use it so as
largely to benefit one class without to some
extent benefiting all, or to injure, and oppress
one class wiihout to a greater or less exteut in
juring and oppressing all.
There are alwats, even in this country where
the rigbt of suffrage Is most widely extended,
large numbers who do not vote at all, whose in
teie6ts, nevertheless, are cared for, and whose
numbers, being computed in the apportion
ment of representation, widen the foundations
ot the representative assemb Icj. Such are all
persons nnder twenty-one tears ot age, females
of all ages, and unnaturalized loreiauers. Wny
are they not permitted to vote ? And, not being
permitted, why are thev counted in ttxinv the
ratio ot representation? They are not allowed
to vote, because they are not supposed to be
sufliciently instructed In political economy and
governmental ati'uirs to be entrusted with the
elective franchise. They are computed in
fixing the ratio because they are part
of the same community with those
who do vote, having interests in com
mon with them, and tbeir influence ouaht
to be felt in shaping the laws by which ther
liebts ot life, liberty, and property are to be
determined: and although tney do not vote,
their influence is felt and their interests are
cared for, precisely because they are counted in
fixing tbe relative weight of the communiiles
to which they belong In the legislative assem
blies, although their voices are not directly
heurd In detfrmininsr who shall represent them.
It is cot true, as Is constantly alleged, that the
relative strength of tbe Stxtes which were in
rebellion will be increased by tae results ol tbe
war If they are now allowed representation in
the national councils. The present ratio of
representation is adjusted by the census of
IRtiO, and cannot be changed until after the
ceiiBU? of 1870. Till that time, therefore, the
relative strength of thu several Spates of our
country must remain precisely as ic was under
the census of 18(0.
After the census of 170 ths positive and re
lative strength ot the Southern States in Con
gress and the Electoral College will both be
diminished, even If the non-voting black popu
tion be included in the basis. In 1860 three
fifths of all the black pupulatinn of the Southern
States were counted. The census of 1870 will
show the whole of the non-voting black popula- -tlon
to be less than three-fifths ot 18U0. Nor Is
it true that a vote in the South will outweigh a
vote in the North if the non-voting negro popu
lation I e included in tbe basis of representa
tion. It the proposed amendment be adopted,
all the non-voting black population ot the
South ili be excluded, while all tne non-voting
unnaturalized toieien population of the North
will be counted. The ureat preponderance of
unnaturalized and consequently non-vot'ng
foreicntrs. is In Northern and Northwestern
States.. They and tbeir families number hun
dreds of thousands, perhaps millions, and yet
thev are all counted in fixing the late of repre
sentation. This Is right. I do not object to it.
Thev are a part of the community. They help
to make up the strength and productive
wealth of the State, and ought to be computed
infixing its political power. But if it is right
to co imt a non-votinc population in one State,
it is equally right to count it in another; and
if counting in one and not in the other, it gives
the one an advantage over the o'.her incompati
ble with the equality of tbe States, and of a
dangeious- and revolutionary tendency; while
tbe unnaturalized, non-voting population of one
section of the country will be constantly in
creasing, the non-voting black population of
the other oection, by obvious caubes not now
necessary to be mentioned, will be constantly
decreasing. It would be better for all parties
and interests, and far more hopeful for the per
petuity of our Government, if something like
an equilibrium of strength between the differ
ent sections of , the country could be main
tained. The third section ot the propssed
amendments disfranchises the great majority
of the educated men of the States Which have
been in rebellion, and excludes thern from any
paiticipation in the attain of the State and
Federal Governments. The entire control of the
Governments of those States will be placed in
the bands of a meagre minority of the
men at all qualified for such control,
and they, as a general thing, not of the most
intelligent and capable classes. No such sweep
ing and Indiscriminate proscription is remem
bered since the dajs of Philip 11 of Spain. It is
not to be expected that in this age aud country,
pud with our race, a majority ot the educated
meu ot ten States will lone subuait to ba ex
cluded trora all share in making and .id minister
ing the laws by which their lives, liberties, and
property are to be judged, without the constant
presence and pressure of a force alequateto
coerce obedience. The aloption of this anend
nient will involve the necessity of maintainluff
au army to en'orce if, whlca of Itself would be
dniigerous to liberty, and add greatly to burdens
cf luxation already grievous. I can see no good
to lesult from the proposed amendment. I see
much evil. We had betlur adhere to the form of
frcvernment which our lathers gave us. It Is
n my judgment, the tm at perfect poli'ical pro
duction ol human wisdom and oa'rlotlsm. For
three-quarters ot a century it secured us unex
ampled pros peri!.v, and at tbe end ot that time
enabled ua to meet and overcome tbe most
stupendous Rebellion In the history ot nations.
Why change UT For keventy-Bve years
we have hardly known that we had a Govern
ment When we did know it we knew it only
by iu beneficence, and it has shown Itself as
strong as beneficent capable of successful re
sistance of tbe fieicest and moat desperate
assaults that it is possible fo make upon a
Government. Why change it just as It haa vin
dicated its power, and lilted us to an eminence
among the nations of the earth we never till
now attained f We have tried Ihe old Constitu
tion and know its capabilities. We have not
tried the new, as proposed, but cau readily ee
the confusion and disaster which it would bring.
We bad better let well enough alone; but if we
should change it at ail, me should not change it
now. The public temper was never less auspi
c ons to calm, conscientious, wise consideration
of m-eat Questions of state. Passion and nro-
-ludTee should never lay rode hands upon funda
mental ana organic laws, in a day they may
do mischief which yeais of repentant patriotic
labor will not repair. In a day they may open
a I'andoia's box which the patriotism and states
manship of a century may not be able to shut
I do not rceanl the recent and pending elec
tions as Indicative of tbe judgment of the peop'e
of the Northern States upon the Constitutional
amendments. They are really not the issues pre
sented to and considered by tbe people. They
have not been calmly and dispassionately dis
cussed and reflected upon. The people bave had
tbeir fears alarmed, and their passions and pre
judices aroused, and perhaps never formed under
more delusive ideas as to the character of the
issues belorc the country. The people have been
assuied that President Johnson is a traitor and
a usurper. He has usurped no power; when the
insurrectionary Governments were overthrown
and expelled the States were left with Constitu
tions, which, accoidingto the most solemn sanc
tions of the Federal Constitution, had been de
clared republican In form, and under which
those States hod, for many years, maintained
their place as constituent members of the
Union, but they had no organisations under
tbeir Constitutions.
The ITesldent therefore, deeming it what was
his imperative duty, as Commander in-Chief, to
do, and what he would have been most culpable
for not doing, prevented anarchy by appointing
temporary Provisional Governors, under whose
advice tbe people brought the r rearular govern
ments iDto operation under tbe Constitutions.
This was a thing with which Congress had
nothing to do. It was a matter purely of mili
tary coenizance. Tbe public enemy bad just
been expelled by military force, and it was the
duty of the Commander-in-Chief to see to it that
amirchy and confusion dil not ensue, nd that
tbe machinery of the legitimate Government
was atrain put in operation for the preservation
of order and the protection ot lite and liberty
and property from lawless violence. It was the
duty of the President, too, as the executive
brad of the nation, to see to it that the national
laws were executed, and that the relations be
tween theStates and the Federal Government
were restored.
Had the President consented to join Congress
in forcing negro suflrage on the South, all
would have been fair and smooth, and insteal
of beiag denounced as a fiend he would now
be worshipped as an idol by those who so bit
terly and unrelentingly assail him, Those who
are sincerely desirous of seeing a pacification of
the country, and a restoration of the integrity
ot the Union, ought to be assured ol tbe purely
patriotic and sincere intentions of the Presi
dent when they remember that he Is, in good
iaitb, carrying forward the policy inaugurated
by President Lincoln, and that the only to
men who went Into the Administration with
11 r. Lincoln at the beginning of his first
term, the Secretaries of State and of the Navy,
and Ihe only two who were trusted
and confided in by bim through his entire
ofrcial career and to the end ot his life, who
stood by, encourazed and sustained him when
the storm and tempest of rebellion were beatiog
most fiercely upon hi.n, end the ship of state
was tosuiog upon the waves of a turbulent sea
with broken masts and shuttered sails, and who
knew bis most secret thoughts as to the best
measures to be adopted to bring; hor into port,
are stacding by President Johnson with a
co'iraao and heroism equally sublime, and cheer
iufr him on in his h'Toio efforts to achieve tbe
same ends. They were vilified and denounced
then, and by the same men are vilified and
denounced now. They did not qunil before
the storm that beat upon them then; they
do not qnail bctore tbe tempest that rages
around them now. Mr. Lincoln was heroic
then, and Mr. Jobnon is heroic now.
1 am sure no man can be s ncerer in his pur
potes to preserve the Uonslitulio i and save the
country than be if. No man can be actuated
by a purer patriotism, or be more averse to
usurpation of power, lie has not violated the
Constitution in 'he post. lie intends no infrac
tion of it in the future, but he does intend a
flrn and faithful performance ot all the trujts
which that sacred instrument has devolved
upon blm. With every disposition to be chari
table towards those who differ with me in
opinion, it is ditllcult to believe them sincere in
charging the President with intention of vio
lently lorcing Rebels into Congress, and giving
them the control rf tbe Governraenl. What act
has h ever done that gives the slightest sanc
tion to such a cnarge ? Not one can b? speci
fied He has neither transcended his own
powers, nor invaded those of the co-ordinate
departments, and tbe only pretext for the
charge is not what he has done, but what
he has said, in declaring again and atrain his
conviction that it was the duty of Congress
to obey a plain coiititulional provision, and
each House for Itsell to Judge of tbe elections,
returns, and qualifications of each individual
Presenting himself as a member. Our country
i in pei II, in very great peril, not from a publio
enemy, but from the violence of our own pas
sions. Safety is to be found only in a strict
adherence to the Constitution and lavs. Aa
long as they are obeyed, no evil can come upon
us. We aie in danger oniy when we attempt
something they do not sanction. I trust
it will be the pride and glory of the
friends of the Administration, in the threaten
ing contest through which we are passing, to
keep their passions in subjection to reason, and
to do no act not fully warranted by the Const!
tutiog and laws. Ours is a republican Govern
ment, where the majority bas a right to rule.
Minorities cannot, without subverting the Gov
ern inert, and when, according to the forms
prescribed, the will ot the majority is expressed
in the Constitution or the law, it is the duty of
all to submU to it until it can be fairly and con
scientiously changed. Such I know to be the
President's Intentions, and such I know he
wishes to be the rule of conduct for his l'rienls
and supporters.1
No man has a profounder reverence for the
Cct.stitutlon than he, aud his purpose as tbe
Executive head of the nation to maintain it as
it ip, until it be changed in the form prescribed
by it, is firm and immutable. He is not brave
enough wilfully to violate it; he is brave
enough to uphold and defend it In all that his
duty requires. In conclusion, let me beseech
you, calmly and dispassionately, but earnestly
and firmly, to do your duty to your country in
this trying hour, and stand by our glorious
Constitution as it is.
There is no safety for us but in this. Do your
duly faithfully and trust to God for results, and
reverently implore Him to save as from the
madness and iuiatuatlon which threaten us with
selt-destiuction, and with the loss of tbe last
hope for the perpetuity of free governments.
Your friend and fellow citizen,
O. II. Browning.
Ma.ine Disaster.
Fortress Monrob, October 24. Arrived, brig
Mi'ccooado, 19 days from Demarara for Balti
more, with sugar. She reports havlior passed
yesterday, fit teen miles no theast ot False C'apa,
Noith Carolina, a hermaphrodito briir, suak in
fifteen fathoms of water, with her musts all
gone.
Latest Markets by TeJ?s;raph.
Krw Yost, Ootober 24. Co' ton dull at 895! 1 Jo
for midaiinr. floor bas advanced ,a.'ito. lor
male; sales ol 16 600 bbls. at 8 9(Xo)12'76 lur 8tatei
U8tkffll4 26 lor Obio. C12 60(al7 for soatbara.
W neat has advanced i(SHei aalt4 of U.000 boibel
at 2 86 for Cbieaio Hpnug and WW a 8 12 for Htate.
Cora advanced lAio tor wbltei of C'JO.UOO
bBan at $112il 14. Pork heavy at f) 76 for aaeoa.
Lard dull. Whisk, dull. '
THIRD EDITION
FROM WASHINGTON THIS AFTERNOON.
SPKC1AL DISPATCH K6 TO XVXKIHO TLORAln.l
Washington October 24.
Proposed Change In tha Mod of Ap
pointments. It is understood that when Congress meets an
effort will be made to check the President in the
matter of appointments. Tbe commencement
will be made in the Treasury branch of the
public service, the Internal Revenue Bureau,
and the Customs Department of the Treasury.
It will be done in a strictly constitutional man
ner. The second clause of the second section of
the Constitution' provides, that "the Congress
may, by law, vest the appointment of such
inferior officers as they think proper in the
President alone, in the Courts of taw, or in the
heads of departments."
Under this authority Congress will enact a
law designating the Commissioner of Internal
Revenue and the Commissioner of Customs as
heads of departments, and providing that they
shall be appointed by Judge Chase, of the Si
preme Court The appointment of subordinate
officers in these departments will be placed in
the head appointed by Judge Chase. This will
secure the offices to the Republicans, and will
make -the departments more efficient, as the
cbicf will have tbe appointing and removing
power, and be held responsible for the good or
ill-management of his department. As it is now,
the plainest rules of business are violated in the
practice of the Treasury Department, whose ap
pointees, though nominally responsible to the
Secretary of the Treasury, are appointed by the
President. The Secretary is expected to man
age his department properly, but one of the first
requisites to enable him to do so is out of his
power, i. e., to appointjand remove his own offl.
ccrs. It is probable that the new principle may
be applied to the Post Office Deportmeut
The Atlantic Coast Squadron.'
Fortress Monroe, Va., October 22. The
United States double-ender Tacony, Co.nmandor
W. G. Temple, and the flagship of the Atlantic
Coast Squadron (commanded by Commodore
Joseph Lanman), arrived in the harbor yester
day morning from Charleston. S. C. The
Tacony bas been stationed at Charleston, and
has jusf completed an inspection trip of all the
vessels comprising the squadron of which she
is the flagship.
Among the vessels visited were the following
uunboats: Chicopee, stationed at Charleston;
Conemaugb, at Wilmington, N. C; Agawam, at
lieaufort, N. C; and the Tan tic, stationed in
Hampton Roads.
Orders have recently been issued by the Secre
tary of the Navy, by which the heretofore dis
tinct naval squadrons stationed on our coast,
tbe Atlantic Coast Squadron and the North
Atlantic Coast Squadron, will be consolidated
and known as the North Atlantic Squadron,
comprising a formidable fleet ot twenty vessels..
Commodore Josepa Lanman .arrived on tbe
Tacony, and on the first of next month, the time
designated for the consolidation to take place,
he will transfer his squadron to Rear-Admiral
Palmer. The stations of the vessels comprising
the North Atlantic Squadron will be from Nova
Scotia to Cape Florida, and will include the
West Indies.
Tbe following are the vessels comprising the
Atlantic Coa Squadron: Flagship Tacony,
CLicopee, Agawam, Conemaugh, Lenapee,
Tantic, and the steam-tug Daffodil.
The North-Atlantic Squadron: Rhode Idand,
Monongahela, Mackinaw, "Bienville, De Soto,
Florida, and Winooskl.
The following is a list of the officers of the
Tacony: Commodore Joseph Lanman, com
manding squadron; Commander, W. G. Temple;
Lieutenant-Commander, Edwin M. Sheppard;
Passed Assistant Paymaster. John H. Stevens ju;
Master, C. F. R. Wappenhause; Acting En
signs, Norman McCloud, Hush Jones; Mates,
E. II. Richardson. W. H. Hovdle: Passed Asaixt-
I ant Surgeon, Edward Kershner; First Assistant
l Engineer, Edward Clark; Commodore's Cbrk.
W. D. A. Pierce; Paymaster's Clerk, N. H. Stcary.
The Tacony spoke the United States double
ender Lenapee, Commodore Thomas W. Phelps,
going to Charleston, and tbe schooner Sarah
Ellen (before reported in distress), off Beaufort
bar, N. C, and towed her into that harbor; and
also saw yesterday morning a schooner dis
masted, with a jury-maBt rigged, making good
way to Hampton Roads for a harbor. More
than fifteen dismasted vessels had arrived at
Charleston be I orer she left, from the effects of
the late storms.
Fortress Monroe, October 24. Among the
vessels which were detained in this harbor lor
weeks past, in consequence of the equinoctial
gales, and have sailed, are the schooners i.
Br.iley and Williams, from Philadelphia for
Washington.
Tbesieamer Hi Livingston, from New York,
tor Savannah, Ga., put into Norfolk to-day,
short of coal.
The Trouble in Baltimore Affairs in
Louisiana -Our Mexican Relations.
Baltimore, October 24. -The special corres
pondent of the Balliavro tfu says: The
proclamation of Governor Swann is tally ao
pioved by the President, and should it be neces
sary for blm to call for aid In maintaining peace
and order and enforcing his legal authoi.ly, it
will be promptly furnished.
In the case of the threatened resistance In
Louisiana by the "Boys in Grey" to the autho
rity of the Governor of the State in Ihe removal
of the Sheriffs, the same course will be pursued,
but it Is hoped that in both cases tho necessity
mav not anse.
The same correspondent also says, in regard
to Mexican all'airs, that our Government bas
refused to grant tbe extension of time to the
French Government for the removal of troop,
and insists that it shall commenco at once, and
proceed as rapidly s possible. In vie of the
anarchy prevalent in Mexico our Government
will be prepared to protect the Juarez Govern
ment, and tnally to establish tt. In cons dera
tion of this, Lower Cxlitorma and the northern
part ot Siuiloa and Ch huahua are to be ceded
to tbe United Slates. No agreement has been
made by our Government to guarantee the
French claims against Mexico, but sboull it
appear expedient, it wilt oot hesitate to do so.
Tbe enloroement of the Monroe doctrine and
the establishment of a stable republican govern
ment in Mexico are considered of paramount
Importance. The matter bos been fully dis
cussed in tbe Cabinet and unanimously agreed
upon.
LEGAL INTELLIGENCE.
Conrt of Quarter Sessions and Oya
Terminer Jadiro Alison and feae inn
race cawed op fins morning was that of ihomaa
iloVey who n charted with alilina- Thomas J ad M
on the 26th of Aiurtut, 1836. An application waa
made by his counsel for a eontinoauoe, bnt tbe
Court tboQrht there waa not sufficient groand
therefor, and it waa not granted
The case was opened on behalf of the Common
wealth by Thomas B Dwight. E q , who stated tbe
facts he cxpeoied io pro re to tbe Jury.
Dr. bbapleish, surgeon io toe Coroner, sworn 1
made a post-mortem examination on the body of
1 bomas Jodre, on the afternoou of September, at
No. 2086 Market street! tbere was a sliirht wound
beneatti tbe lower rib, two inches to the led of the
a wne j alio another two Inebe below tbe left nipple j
tbeie two wonnds were or bnt little eoneeqnonce;
on tbe le't side, direetly nnder the arm pit, and be
tween tbe sixth and seven! h ribs, there was another
wonnd j tbe inetrument had enterea the eavily ol tha
chesti the Inn was wounded and bad collapsed (
f be pleura, the membrane limnr tbe cavity of the
eliest. the surlaoe of tbe long, the lung itnell, and
tha tack which contains tbe heart, were ia a
atate ol inflammation; tbe cavuv of tbe ehest
on the left tuoe waa fl led with a b'oody fluid. The
deceased came to bis death from a baemorrhir
and inflammat'on CAuaed bw the laat wound; the
lips of tbe wound wire in a state of nleera ion.
Cross-examined The deceased waa not suffering
from any diseae of the long., to tne best of my
knowledge beyond any doubt be came to his death
from tbe cauoe mentioned in the drect examination.
Mr. Juore sworn. The dcoeasea was my bua
tand; be died on the 4th ot September last. In mr
father a bouse, at ho. 3035 Market street i saw Dr.
Snapleirh at try father's house, and in the room
where my husband's bodv was; mr husband was
preitv stout, and of a middling s.ze; be was Drought
to the house on tbe 27th of Ausut, on a set toe.
Henry Welch aworn I reside at ThirtT-tblrd and
ChesGut. streets; knew Ibomas MeVey br sirht;
knew Mr. Judare, also: I moved there on the 3d ot
September! belore tbat time my piaee of business
was No. 2223 Market street, where 1 kept a tavern;
I don't know the date of tne affmr, but it was on
Saturday, between 10 and 11 o'clock in the even
ing: it happened about ten days before I removed
I bomaa Judpe and a itnesa were fandin in front
of mv place, when MoVev came along and made use
ot some rough words Judge said to me, "1 thought
yon were In Joe McGuire's. He (McVey) then used
some very indecent langnaze. Then tbere were
some words between tnem, and finally blows.I don's
know who struck tint. They aot into '.a quarrel
on the sidewalk, and both were down. When
separated Judge went into my house; I went in
with him ; I did n"t see where McVey went; after
a while McYey came around to the door and com
menced to call ior Ihomaa Judare; I did not hear
what he said; I knew bis voice; I tried to keep Judge
from roing out into tbe street, but eou d not
keep him in ; 1 went into the back room (or my bat,
ana then went out on tbe pavement; both were
down in tne street; i inea to set tnem apart; suc
ceeded, and earned Judge ln'o the bouse: I could
not say. for certain, who was on the top; but as near
as I can recollect alcVev was; when In the street I
did not hear them aay anything, a my bearing is
very bad.
1 he District Attorney requested tbe witness to
rub up bis memory, whioh he did, with the follow
ing result:
I tbmk I heard Judge say McVev was bitina? him.
tnt where I cannot sar. Wben Judge was earned
into tbe house be was laid on a settee. I examined
him, and found a out cn his loft breast- I saw.
blood on bim, and went alter the dootor as qulok as
possible When MeVey called Judge outot my
house tbere was nothing the matter with him, as
far as 1 could judge.
1 did not see the cuttln, and conld not swear who
did It; there was a crowd of men tbere at the time.
William Donna ay sworn I saw both the fights,
but didn't know either of the parties engaged;!
saw a man who looked like McVey with one side
ot bie face covered with blood.
Uonuagy waa the last ot tbe Commonwealth ft
witnessea.
At this stage of the proceeding", counsel for the
defense inquired it the Court thought there had
been evidence sufficient submitted by the Common
wealth to go to tiie jury. Tbere baa been without a.
doubt a wound inflicted upon the deceased, but no
one saw the defendant indict it, or even have a
weapon in his possession The Court decidod to
have the case proceeded with.
The defense waa opened bv John J. Kldgway, who
was associated with Mr. O'Byrne.
Joseph Maguire sworn 1 saw ihe difficulty ; tbere
were a rreat many people in tbe street at the time,
and about these part es whllo iber were quaretUng;
l(d d not hte a knife in the possession ol MeVey; 1
kaw bim for some lime afier the quarrel ; Judre was
Itiiig in tbe street, with McVey on top ot him, tbe
first I saw of them; 1 rushed tbrQurh the crowd
wbicb waa around them, aud tooc hold or Judre,.
and took him away; be toid me not to tear
bis sbirt; I said 1 would not; I told him
to iro borne; he said be would when be rot
his hat ; I then went to my own bouse, a few door
above; when-1 cot tbere I turned around to see if
the parties bad left ; I saw a large crowd at the door
of Welch's; I saw Judge coming out from the
crowd on the pavement; there were a doxen or two
there ; 1 saw Welch tbere; McVey was standing in
the middle of tne pavement; they got hold of
e-ich other and they bum went down, with
judge uppermost; their iriends were ail
around them in a circle; I bad MoVev in view all
tne time ot the seeond stiurgie; I didn't see hun
use a knife; be never drew one nor in any war need
me, that 1 saw; 1 bave known him persona ly lor
six fv ears: I know others who know him; hn
cbaiacler is excellent for peaoe and quietneae
Cross examined When I returned to thehoue
after paitme them, McVey was looking for his hat t
be stood before Welch's door, and said he would
lot so until he tot it j in the second fight they were
in the rutter when separated; they rolled into it:
nart or the time one waa on top and part the other:
I started to separate them as soon as 1 saw them ; I
pushed those around away to ret at them.
Many Witnesses as to character were ealled and
examined; then tbe defense closed
Ihe Court then adjourned until 8 o'clock
District Court Jodo Sharawood. Georee
W. Thompson vs. J. Atlee Wbita. An aotion to
recover tbe difference ia price at which 400 shares or
the Junolion Oil Company was bought tor defend
ant, aud the prioe it , brought when sold at defend
ant 'a risk. On trial.
Conrt of Common Picas Judre Ludlow.
Drytoss vs. Bammerschlair. An act on on a book
account lor goods sold and delivered Jury out.
Leedom vs. bi son An action to recover for
lumber sold by plaintiff to defendant. On trial.
FINANCE AND COMMERCE.
Office of thb Evknino Tkleohapb f
Wednesday, October 21, 1806. ' f
The Stock Market continues inactive, but
prices are without aty material chunge. In
Government bonds there was very little doing
110i was bid for new 6-20j; 114J for old do. ; 113
lor 6s of 1881; 99J for 10-40s; aud 105ilo for
June and August 7'30s. City loans were in de
mand at an advance, The new issue sold at
l(il1014, an advance of J, and old do. at 97J, an
advance of i.
Railroad chares were dull. Camden and
Aniboy sold at 12ii, no change; Reading at 68
fTCGSJ, no cbanee; Lehigh Valiey at 67J, an ad
vance of j: and Pennsylvania Riilroadat 674.
no cbaoee; 36 was bid for Little Schuylkill
CO for Norristown: 674 for Minehill; 39 for North
Pennsylvania; 28 for Klmira common; 42 for
preferred do.; 30 for Catawissa preferred; 32i
or Philadelphia and Erie: 67 for Philadelphia
BLd Balitraore; and 47 lor Northern Central
City Pa-sen ger- Railroad shares were wiihout
change. Thirteenth and Fifteenth sold at 21'
and Germantown at 29; 884 was bid for Second!
and Third; 72 for West Philadelphia; 16 for
Hestonville; 30 for Green and Coatee; and II for
Lombard and South.
PHILADELPHIA 6T0CK EXCHANGE 8 ALES T0-DAf
Reported by De Haven & Uro , No. 40 S. Third street
BE ORE BOARDS.
S7J00 Elmlra Kailroad T- ,. n
C6000 Citvtta new 1 alOl
Ciits r BOARD.
2O0shPaBR..dbiU 571
400 OO ClOl
oO0 ao. . . .lota clOOi
200 do 100J
taooo oo....munlol
SJ5S2 74
vbu 00.... Cp 67.
200 ah BuaqCan..,.. lftl
lOshCafc A 12j4
84 sh do.... scrip 40
600 so Beaa..loia.ao0 68
uw lcu oa, ot VI
7000 O.0....I0U. VI
luuao ao a 6
100 sh do bOU 6
flOOO BUIU Cn bdj.. 66
4O0 do 66
10000 do.... S0Q. M
TUOeh do S0. 6
lftah lftth a lAtk k-K 01
100 aa tier fas a... 2
36 eh Del Diy (7