Z7 TWO DOLLARS PEK. ANNUM, JIALF-VEAIJLV IN ADVANCE. 5 AMD FACERS' AND T.IEGlIAfjlGS' AGISTED. IF NOT PAID WITHIN TIIC YEAR, $2 50 Wll.l. Uh' CHAKUED. POINTED AND PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY SAMUEL J. ROW, SOMERSET, SOMERSET COUNTY,' PA. Hew SeriesJ TUESDATT, SEPTEMBER 7 1847, Vol. S.-No. 43 hi-1"i J ' HEALING : AT SUNSET. UV MRS. L. ,11. SIGOUnXEY." "At even, when ihe sun did set, they brought unto Him all thai were diseased." St, Mark, 1st and 32d. Judea's summer day went down, When lo ! from vale and plain, Around the Heaven Healer throng' d A sick and sorrowing trainl The pallid brow -the hectic cheek The cripple bent with care : And he whose eoul dark demons lash'd To foaming rage, was there. lie raised his Land the lame man leap'd . The blijd forgot his woe.J And with a startling rapture, gaz'd On Nature's glorious show. lip from his bed of misery rose The paralytic pale. And thc-loataM leper dared once more, . His fellow-man to hail. Mart on the arm of pitying love The lunatic reclin'd, While unaccustom'd words of praise ' Relieved his struggling mind. The mother to her idiot boy . The name of Jesus taught, .Who thus, with sudden touch, had fired The chao3 of his though For all that sad, imploring train, He hcai'd ere evening tell, And speechless joy that night was born In many a lowly cell. Ere evening fell ! Oh ! ye who find r The chills of age descend, And with the lustre of your locks. The almond blossoms blend. Yet have not o'er an erring life ' j .With deep repentance griev'd 'But left the safety of the soul Unstudied unachiev'd. - Before the hopeless shades of night " j Distil their baleful dew, j Haste ! heed the Heavenly Healer's call, j Whose mercy waits for you. j BIOGRAPHY. .Zachary Taylor. BY ERASTES BROOKS. Old Virginia has been called "the Mo ther of Statesmen," and in the better days of the Republic she was deserving of the mlogium. In later times under the mis government of a body of abstract politi cians men who measure the capacity of Governments by their limited statures as men, the sceptre has departed from the Old Dominion, and Virginia, as was said jot Scotland by Dr. Johnson, upon the oc casion of his visit to the Hebrides, has Jbecome .a new State to go from. With vast and magnificent resources, washed by the Ocean and the Ohio, divi ded by noble rivers, with mountain trea sures with a productive clime, a rich soil and wide spread boundaries, she is, what she is, one of the oldest and largest ctate3 in the Union, and yet behind some cf the youngest and smallest in wealth, in enterprise, and in public prosperly. Nevertheless Virginia has a history of which we feel proud, a history identi fied with many of the best, and we are sorry to add, the worst Administrations, from George Washington to John Tyler, ' "Hypeion to a Satyr," the extreme of human greatness and the smallest of bigmy politicians. Virginia indeed as tve read her, like some of the Republics cf the old world, lives more in the past thjn the present. Still we remember the names of Washington and Marshall, the great Statesman and the profound Jurist, jo Jefferson and Madison, the author of the declaration of Independence, and the great man in the Convention which fra med the Constitution, of Monroe, the pood President, of Benjamin Harrison, of! Richard Henry Lee, foremost in the cause of Liberty, of Henry Clay, of Wil liam H. Harrison, western men, though Virginia born, and can never be indiffer ent to a soil where so many distinguished .Patriots were born, and where the obse- j quics of so many have been performed. The present war with Mexico recalls the name of another Virginia born, though rarly transplanted to the west and south. We spenk of course of Zachary Tay Xor, a man who at an early age develo ped rare qualities of character, but who only recently has presented his name con 'spiculonsly and admiringly before the 'whole country. As occasions are made to bring forth extraordinary qualities of character, so the war with Mexico has tliown Gen. Taylor to be a man equal to the greatest emergency. Poorly suppor ted at home, upon a distant scene of ser vice, and with, a host of enemies all a round him, he has shown both a courage ay tkill quite unsurpas?ed in the milita tv hiftory of the country, and may we iiot adJ, without boasting for our people, not excelled in the military history of the world. . Zachary Taylor was born in Orange county, Virginia, in the year 1790. His father was a man for the time in which t. ! 1 r. ne uvea, a uoionei witn a rank won in the State service, a man of great natural courage sn great good sense, like the son "rough" in his exterior, but withal "ready" for every office of service and of kindness. Col. Richard Taylor was one of the Pioneers to "the dark and bloody ground," and resided near Lexington un til the vear of his death in 1826. The old man had participated in many ren - contres with the Savages of the West, and it was in the rude school of almost Aboriginal life that Taylor received his early education. - Our present hero, with his brothers, re- ' 1.1 . X- ceiveu ineir eariy training irom a private wrrsjjuuycuce, uave ever biiuue cunspi tutor, a New England man, still living, 1 cuously together, and we can say of him and who bears cheerful testimony both to : heartily and truly, though he is not our the aptitude and integrity of his pupil.'- J best and favorite man for the first civil of Patient to study, quick to learn, slowly Ace in the gift of the People, that no but surely, the youth pushed his way to ' man ever performed his official duties with manhood. , Boldness, fortitude and perse- j more promptness,, with more grace and vereuce were early shown and were j brilliancy, or with more success, than Za doubtless the ground work of that mark- chary Taylor. As a soldier, he whom ed eminence of character since reached by the soldier and the General. - ; The army was his chosen profession, for in imagination "he had been a soldier in his youth," and longed "To follow to the field some warlike Lord." In 1808, incited partly by the war spirit prevailing in consequence of the audaci ous attack of the Leopard upon the Che sapeake, he sought a connexion with that army, in which he has now seen nearly forty years of service. The stars and stripes were lowered to the cross of St. George, in consequence of a cowardly at tack of a well armed force in time of peace, upon a vessel wholly unprepared for an engagement. The people were in dignant and mortified, and Taylor, then capable of self-judgment, participated largely in the prevailing spirit to redress outrage received. Entering the Army as a Lieutenant of the 7th Regiment of In fantry, Taylor grew rapidly in public fa vor and in a knowledge of the profession of arms. The wide and wild West be- came the scene I nis exploits, and m 1812, his correct deportment and cipabil ity for service brought him orders to com mand fort Harrison, in Indiana. He was breveted here as Maior for his success in a fierce battle with the Indians, and it was one of the most brilliant defences of the Indian war. It was Madison who conferred this brevet, and General Hop kins, who wrote to Governor Shelby that "Captain Zachary Taylor had raised for himself a character not be affected by his eulogy." In 1832 our hero was raised to the rank of Colonel and his next scene of public labor after the war of 1812, was in Florida, where several battles were to be fought, great privations endured, and withal, few laurels to be won. But though, like all high honors, they were few, Taylor did win them, and from the swamps of Florida, where the very air was a pestilence, and from the midst of armed men, who, like the followers of Rhoderic Dhu, sprung forth from every copse and glen around him. For the fame and health of the soldier, Florida was worse than Mexico; but Taylor mo ved among the hammocks and everglades of the peninsula with unconcern, save for the mission upon which he was engaged. Incredible hardship was the necessary consequence of every forward movement, and fighting "All'gator" and "Sam Jones," was . but fighting "Tecumseh" and "Olli wachica" over again. , The battle of Lake Okee Chohe was one of the most fierce and bloody our troops have ever encoun tered. Twenty-six were killed and 112 wounded. , For six weeks a small body of troops had penetrated through an un known land, and in pursuit of an enemy more terrible in their modes of battle than even the most refined cruellies of civiliz ed or Chrisiian warfare.: v Colonel Taylor was complemented here with the rank of Brigadier General by Brevet, and after securing peace, and serving in Florida until 1840, he was transferred to the command of the South West. ' - His exploits for two years past, have been made familiar by recent events. . He was at Corpus Christi from August 1845, to March 1846, whence under orders from General Government, he commen ced the lead of the Army, designed by the Administration for the invasion of Mexican territory. Leaving the borders of the Nueces on the 11th, he reached the Colorado on the 2 1st, where he re ceived notification that his- march would be resisted. Nothing daunted, the Rubi con was passed on the 22d, and war be came inevitable. General Taylor was at Point Isabel on the 24th, on the Eastern bank of the Rio Grande, and from the margin of this memorable barrier he look ed with the flashing of his own dark eyes, and the lightning of his frowning batte ries, into the enemys country. .For 27 days, front to front, upon opposite, sides of the river, with shotted batteries; and i matcnes ready to De lighted, the Mexican and Americans frowned upon each other. I As well could a thousand lions and ti?er 5 1 havi safely faced each other, as so many men armed to the teeth from the two shores of the river. : - The battles of the 8th and 9th of May, Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, the seige and capitulation of Monterey, Buena Vis ta, the great triumph of the war, are oc currences that bring with the naming of them, the remembrance ol the exploits performed, and their own proper reflec tions. General Taylor was the master mind which directed all this, and whe ther in the midst of his columns upon the plains of battle, or in the tented field in the repose of peace, or quietly recording . the victory of his army, or remembering ' the dead who have fallen around him, in joy for success, in s)mpathy for affliction, , in the endurance of hardships, he has J been a true man, and a true soldier. Mo- desty and bravery in all his conduct and I . I ' l - ' te poet pronounced "The foremost man of all this world, was not above him, as" a prompt, ready, skilful, honorable Chieftain. He is not as Caesar was, proud, ambitious, and what the Roman excelled him in genius, Taylor makes up in the mild behavior and humility of his character. A Russian Imperial Review, We have received a letter from a friend in Europe, from which (though not iu tended for publication) we cannot forbear making an extract. The writer had the good fortune to be present at the late an nual review of the Russian Imperial Guard by the Emperor at St. Petersburg!! which is composed of 60,000 men, and as such descriptions arese'dom afforded the American reader, it will be read with interest. -New Haven Register. St. Petersburg, June 1817. Every year . this review takes place at the imperial city preparatory to the departure of the' troops for their sum mer quarters. For about four hours I had a good view of the magnificent sight, and my hurried pen will fail me to give you an adequate description of its exceed ing splendor. When I arrived upon the ground the troops had already begun to march. The balconies and windows of the public . buildings and elegant private residences surrounding the field were filled with ladies and gentlemen, and the sides of the field itself covered with a dense mass of men, women and children. On one side of the field a gorgeous tent was pitched upon a raised platform for the Empress, and before her Majesty and the Emperor the troops had to pass in re view. The panoramic view of the whole field, you can readily imagine, was beau tiful. But to the view itself of this great body of 60,000 troops, who in part only compose the garde imperial of the Em peror Nicholas, and who are distinct from the main army of Russia, which I believe numbers near one million rank and file. The foot soldiers, infantry principally, first passed in review, marching by pla toons of companies containing perhaps one hundred and fifty men each, and in double order. As the several platoons arrived opposite the Emperor the pecu liar Russian .hurrah went up the whole length of the line, making the welkin ring. The soldiers were all picked men, tall, athletic, and every, "one of them with j a heavy black moustache. . They moved i with mathematical precision, and wiietncr on a slow or quick march, seemed like pieces of mechanism, and the muskets not varying it seemed an inch either in the lieigtn or inclination given - to mem. .ui all the marching 1 have seen and I have seen the American, French, Dutch and Prussian soldiers none will at-all coin pate with the Russian. Uniform of the infantry was blue and red, not unlike our militia uniform in Connecticut. It was about two hours before the . infantry had passed in review, and then came the cav alry, advancing in double order by pla toons of sixty horses abreast; and here was a sight that beggars descriptieu, and which when I recall it, seems like a mag nificent vision. First came a company of Caucasian princes, mounted upon black, coal-black, fiery Steeds, with long manes aud tails almost sweeping the ground. The, Cau casians "were dressed in a red garment, fitting closely to the skin, and over this a finely wrought steel chain armor, covering the en tire, body fell from the head loose ly over the neck and shoulders; upon their feet they wore a kind of sandal, and upon their legs leather leggins, similar to those of our Indian warriors; across their backs they carried a bow, with well-filled quivers; in their hands a carbine, and in their girdles the savage looking yaghli gahn. They are a fierce, though hand some looking set of fellows. Next came the Tartars, upon their wild-looking, fleet horses tne norses. airoi mem carrying their necks forward and - their heads high un in the air. as if snuffing the breeze, and so uniform was the line of heads as if they were all drawn up by pulleys. The costume of the Tartar soldier is a ' blue frock, trimmed with silver, and a kind of scull cap, bound with fur; in his I hands he carries a spear, the end of which i he rests upon the head, between the ears of his horse. Then came the chevalier lancers, splendid looking men, dressed in white cassimere; with heavy, and highly ! polished brass breast plates and brass hel mets, surmounted by the imperial eagles, all mounted upon most elegant horses. Regiment after regiment passed by, each regiment with different colored horses and the horses in each regiment so wrll matched in siz e, form, color, and indeed every respect, that to distinguish thera each had braided in his mane his number upon a small plate. The lancers are all picked men, and are the flower of the Russian army, the officers being of noble birth; and were it not for the different col ored pennants they carried upon their lances and the color of their horses, no one regiment could be distinguished from another, so nearly alike are they After the lancers came the Imperial Hussars, in their costume of red, with high fur caps, and mounted every one upon white steeds. This regiment, it is said, is the favorite regiment of ihe Empress. Then came the Imperial Carbineers mounted on black horses, and dressed like the lan cers, except that their helmets and breast plates wcre of. steel, highly polished. Following these came the Cossacks their black steeds carrying their head high in the air. The dress of the Cossacks is similar to that of the Tartars, which I have above described, except in iheir caps which are high and of fur; their weapon is a steel sharp pointed lance. . The rear of this immense body of cav alry, amounting to over 30,000, was brought up by regiments of mounted ar tillery, six horses (three abreast) to each gun, and of sappers and miners; and then came the biiggage wagons and the ponton tram. L$ut the greatest . sight was the marchinr of the horses attached to the different regiments. They seemed like machines. You think it "strange" no doubt, and yei 'tis no less "strange than true," that every horse in marching kept perfect time with his feet with the music. I never saw soldiers on foot do it better- indeed not so well for when a quirk lively tune was played by the music, every horse commenced a trot and kept up the same uniformity of step as before when 1 All on a walk. And then to see those horses wheel by companies and in-double order ning round with the precision of a compass describing a circle, it exceeded anv thing I ever imagined. After the whole army (for the Imperial Guard is organized as an entire and dis tinct army) had passed in review before the emperor, the infantry left the field, and the cavalry remained in full possession of it, and went through with some evo lutions. First the Caucasians came at a full run down the field, and then the other regiments in succession. After this, the whole body stationed themselves at some distance opposite the Emperor, in close order, and at a given signal half of this body, over 15,000 horsemen, started on a run, and suddenly halted a few feet in advance of the Emperor, preserving as they halted, the same compactness and the same perfect front which they had before starting. A few more evolutions, which I have not . time to write about now, finisheJ the review of the day a day which has done much to impress on me the remark of Napoleon, that with an army of Russian soldiers, he would con quer the whole world. He spoke of the soldiers, not of the officers, of whom he had not a high opinion. The Russian soldier is a mere machine, and not a thought bevond his church and the Em peror and for both he believes it his du ty to live aud die. Most of the army is composed of serfs or slaves; and the pay j of the soldier is only about three dollars per annum. He is fed upon a coarse bread and a kind of soup, and upon some great fete day he is "given meat as a luxu ry. The pay of the Russian officers is also very small. A lieutenant gets but 500 rubles per annum, which is a little more than 100; a captain 700 rubles, and a Colonel only 2000 rubles. You ask how they live? The officers gener ally have a competency beyond their pay; some few there are who have not, and their condition is worse than the soldier's for the latter is provided with a uniform and is fed at the expense of the Emperor. I finish this letter by daylight, and yet it is after 10 o'clock, p. m. The sun does not set here, at present, until 9jr m. Yours, &c. THE NEWSPAPERS. It was a saying of the renowned Dr. Franklin, that he never took up a news paper, but that he discovered something in it that he did not know before, and which it was profitable .and interesting to him to learn; so we can say there is no paper published, which does not contain, either in its editorial or select department, matters or sentiments which h3ve a living interest, and which plead with mute but touching , eloquence for an unmarrcd re cord and an enduring existence. - A LITTLE WORD. A little word in kindness spoken, A motion or a tear, Has often healed a heart that's broken, And made a friend sincere. A word, a look, has crusncd to earth, Full many a budding flower, Which, had a smile but owned its birth, Would bless life's darkest hour. Then deem it not an idle thing, A pleasant word to speak ; The face you wear, the thoughts you bring, A heart may heal or break. The War with Mexico. , In "Brownson's Quarterly Review" for the last month, (July, 1847,) the editor argues that the War with Mexico is "un called for, impolitic, and unjust." Mr. Brownson is known to wield a powerful pen; he has been for many years consid ered as no mean champion of democracy, in support of which he obtained consider able celebrity while editor of the "Demo cratic Review." lie is still the political friend of the President, and an adherent 1 of the party by whom he was elected. It was therefore certainly not to be ex pected that such a man, in such a posi tion, would undertake to demolish every argument advanced by Mr. Polk and his friends in support of the present war, as Mr. Brownson has done. He has thus voluntarily rendered a service to truth, for which the "Democrats" will never forgive him. But we will allow him to speak for himself: "For ourselves, we have regarded the Mexican war from the first as uncalled for, impolitic, and unjust. We have ex amined the documents published by order of the Government; we have read the of ficial defence of the war in the last annual message of the President to Congress, and with every disposition to find our own Government in the rirrht; but we are bound to say that our original impressions have been strengthened rather than weak ened. The President undoubtedly makes it clear that we had many just causes of complaint against Mexico, which, at the time of their occurrence, might have justi fied reprisals, perhaps even war, but he cannot plead these in justification of the present war; for they were not the ground on which we professed to engage in it. The official announcement of the Presi dent to Congress was that war already ex isted between the two Republics by the act of Mexico herself; and, whatever use wc may make of old grievances in adjust ing the terms of peace, we can make no use of them in defending the war. We can plead in its defence only the fact on which we grounded it namely, war ex ists by the act of Mexico herself. But unhappily, at the time of the official an nouncement, war did not exist between the two Republics at all, for neither Re public had declared war against the other; there had been a collision of their forces, but this was not war, as the President would probably have conceded had he known or recollected the distinction be tween war and hostilities. By placing the war on the ground that it existed by the act of Mexico, and that ground being false, he has left it wholly indefensible, whatever old grievances we may have to allege against Mex'c.i. "The act of Mexico in crossing the Rio Grande, and engaging our troops on territory which she had possessed and still claimed as hers, but which we as serted had, by a recent act, against which she had protested, become ours the act which the President chose to inform Con gress and the world was war-may or may not have leeri a just cause for declaring war against her, but it assuredly was not war itself. Wc have no intention to jus tify Mexico. She may have been deci dedly in the wrong, she may have had no valid title to the territory of which the President had just taken military occupa tion; that territory may have been right fully ours, and it may even have been ihe duty of the President to occupy and de fend it; but it cannot be denied that she had once possessed it; that it was still a part of one of her States or Provinces; that she still claimed it, and had contin ued to exercise jurisdiction over it till driven from it by our army of occupation; that she invaded it with an armed force, if invasion it can be called, not as territory belonging. lo us, but as territory belonging to her; and that she attacked our troops, not for the .reason that they were ours, but for the reason, as she held, (and she had as good a right to be judge in her own case as we had in ours.) that they were intruders, trespassers on her soil. The motive of the act was not war against the United States, but the expulsion of intru ders from her own territory. . "No sophistry can make her act war; certainly not without conceding that our act in taking military possession of that territory was also war, and if that was war, then tho war, if it existed at all, ex isted by our act and not by. hers, for her act was consequent upon our?. The most that the President was at liberty to say, without condemning his own Government was, that there had been a collision of the forces of the two Republics on a territory ' .1 .1 V1 fa t I - . an.ltl Kill mTIi.Iam I. V. I LlUiilllV! l) Clt'.ll) UHt LUIS tUilUiUU 11C U3U no right to term war, for every body knows that it takes something more than a collision of their respective forces on a disputed territory to constitute a war be tween two civilized nations. In no pos sible point of view was the announcement of the President that war existed between the two Republics, and existed by the act of Mexico, correct. It did not exist at all; or, if it did, it existed not by ct of Mexico, but by our act. In either case, the official announcement was false, and cannot be defended. The President may have been govern ed by patriotic motives; he may have felt that prompt and energetic action was re quired; he may have believed that, in great emergencies, the chief magistrate of a powerful Republic, having to deal with a weak and disgraceful State, should rise? superior to mere technical forms, and ther niceties of truth and honor; but it strikes? us that he would have done better, proved himself even more patriotic, and sufficient ly prompt and energetic, if he had con fined himself to the ordinary rules of mo rality, and the well defined principles of international law. By aspiring to rise a hove these, and to appear original, he haj placed his country in a false position, and debarred himself, whatever the just causes of war Mexico may have given us from pleading one of them in justification of the actual war. We must be permit ted to regret that he did not reflect before hand that, if he placed the defence of tho war on the ground that it already existed, and existed by the act of Mexico herself, and on that ground demanded of Congress? the means of prosecuting it, (as he must have known it would,) have nothing what ever to allege in its or his own justifica tion. He should have been lawyer e nough to have known that he could not plead anew, after having failed on his first issue. It is often hazardous in our plead ings to plead what is not true; and in do ing so in the present case, the President has not only offended morality, which ha may regard as a small matter, but has e ven committed a blunder "The course the President should hav pursued is plain and obvious. On learn ing he state of things on the frontier, the? critical condition of our army of occupa tion, he should have demanded of Con gress the reinforcements and supplies ne cessary to relieve it, and secure the pur pose for which it was avowedly sent tc the Rio Grande: and, if he believed it proper or necessary, to have, in addition, laid before Congress a full and truthful statement of our relations with Mexico, including all the unadjusted compla'sts-' past and present, we had against her, ac companied by the recommendation 'of a declaration of war. He would then havo kept within the limits of his duty, proved himself a plain constitutional President, and left the responsibility of war or nr war to Congress, the only war-making; power known to our laws. Congress, after mature deliberation, might or might not have declared war most likely would not; the responsibility would have rested with it, and no blame would have attach ed to the President. "Unhappily this course did not occur to the President, or was too plain and simple to meet his approbation. As if fearful, if Congress deliberated, it might refuse to declare war, and as if determin ed to have war at any rate; he presented to Congress, not the true issue, whether war should or should not be declared, but the false issue whether Congress would grant him the means of irosecnting a war waged against us by a foreign power.- In the true issue, Congress might hava hesitated; in the one actually presented there was no room to hesitate, if the offi cial announcement of the President wa3 to be credited, and hesitation would have been criminal. By declaring that the war already existed, and by the act of Mexico herself, the President relieved Congress of the responsibility of the war by throw ing it all on Mexico. But since he can not fasten it on Mexico for war did not already exist, or if so by our act, and not hers it necessarily recoils upon himself, and he must bear the responsibility of do ing what the constitution forbids him to do, of making war without the interven tions of Congress. In effect, therefotc, he has trampled the constitution under his feet, set a dangerous precedent, and.by the official publication of a palpable false hood, sullied the national honor. It is with no pleasure that we speak thus of the Chief Magistrate of the Union, for whose elevation to his high end responsi ble office we ourselves voted. But what ever may be our attachment to party, or the respect we hold to be due from all good citizens to tho civil magistrate, wc; cannot see t':c constitution violated and the national honor srrrifircd, whether by friend or foe, froia god motives or bad, without entering, feeble though it be, our stern and indignant protest." Poetry. It is the gift of poetry tor hallow every place in which it moves, to breathe round nature an oder more exqui site than the perftimof the rosc.stiri to, thed oter it a tint rr.erc m. cics.1 tlvjathfc f blush of rnorprj. . II