on w TWO DOLLARS TER ANNUM. HALF-YEARLY" IN ADVANCE. AND FABLERS' AND MECHANICS' REGISTER. iIF NOT TAID WITHIN TIIH YEAR, i $'i 50 WILL BE CUARUED. S9 rBINTED AND PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY JONATHAN ROW, SOMERSET, SOMERSET COUNTY, PA. i .... . , , . - ., - - , New Scries. - TUESDAY, APRIL 27, 1847, Vol. 5.-No. 24. TUESDAY, APRIL 27, 1817. rgWe commend the following arti cle lo the notice of the honest and mod crate portion of the Democratic party. To the radical barnburning "progressives" it savors so strongly of conservatism, or Federal Whiggery that they of course Mill not read it. It is, however, from a Locofoco paper, one which did what it could to elect Mr. Polk, and as such valuable, as an indication of what the moderate portion of the party think of him L his war. If a Whig had said as much, Mr, Polk would have thought se riously of having htm hanged as a traitor, forgiving "aid and comfort to the ene mv." We scarcely know what the of fence may be construed to be now, per haps only that of "scandalum magnatum" to wit: of Jimmy and his honorable Secretary of War. OLD-FASHIONED NOTIONS. From the Norfolk (Va.) Herald (an old fashioned Republican Paper) of April 12. War is a calamity at any rate, but particularly so to a free people, lis influence and consequences are at va riance with all the principles of free gov ernment. A military people never exist for any length of time as a free people. All history proves that they cannot. Yet, in spite of history, in spite of reason and common sense, our Government has mad ly undertaken to force the opposite con clusion. A war has been forced upon the country prematurely, every candid man must confess; unnecessarily, is equally demonstrable: and what are the 'results? To say nothing of the lavishing of the people's money and the people's blood, we have the vast extent of Executive pat ronage by the necessary increase ol some thousands of military appointments, aug mented by a new army of executive offi cers to collect the revenue in the enemy's noris. according to the President's new 'OnW in Council." We find no fault with this measure as a means of offence against Mexico. We are at war with her no matter whose fault it is; and'it is incumbent upon us to do her all the harm we can, to bring her to terms of peace. Hut the consequence ol tne measure is fearful strengthening of the power of Ex ecutive, which the republicans of the old school were particularly jealous of, as an enemy that would sap the foundation of our liberties. Such antiquated notions, however, are "literally! laughed at by THE MODERN DEMOCRACY, who act as if their leading principle was, that whatever ii raVulntptl to nr.roetuatc Dower in the hands of their party is all right and pro pcrt and constitutional of course. It is easy for the people to see that if the ascendency in the Government remains much longer in the hands ol the parly now wielding it, all the barriers between Executive supremacy and the Constitu tion will be broken down; and, seeing it, they must rise perceive the necessity of immediately rallying to the rescue of the principles of the Constitution, and, indeed, of their liberties. MR. CALHOUN. The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun says: There is a letter in this city from S. Carolina, winch states that Mr. Calhoun has written a letter to his friends on the subject of his being a candidate for the next Presidency; that, in this letter, he states that, under no circumstances, will he consent to be a candidate for that of fice; and further that he requests and ur jics his friends to unite on Major General Zachary Taylor as their candidate for the Presidency. $C?01d Rough and Ready, seems to be going it with a perfect rush. He has already been formally nominated in pri mary meetings by portions of the Whig, Loco Foco and Native American parties; and now it seems the Nullifiers are fol lowing suit. Jimmy Polk has done in one respect, at least like Old Hickory, he has "nominated his successor." We are willing to give even the devil his due, and this tinvj, wc must say Jimmy has done nrottv wp!!. Lrt him have all the credit he deserves. It is not the first time that nut of evil. And food e -' may come to the country, even out ol this misciable War ot tho President's making. CEMENT FOR GRAFTING. One part of good beefs tallow, two pruts of pure beeswax, and four parts of rosin. Met all and mix well; then pour into cold water and work very thorough ly, as shoemaker's wax. Wc have fre quently used cement made with these pro portions, and it will not melt in hot wea ther, nor crack in cold weather. The American Whirr, of Baltimore, pla ccs at the head of its columns, the name of Gen. Zachary Taylor. The General lias thus far dune mM v at the head of what ever column he has been placed. Late from Mexico. Santa Anna's Address to his Army iils arrival at the clty of mexico His Inauguration The Inaugural Policy of his Administration, &c. The Picayune has papers from the city of Mexico up to the 24th March. A Guadalajara paper . publishes the terms offered by our Government for peace through Senor Atocha. The prin cipal one was, in brief, fifteen millions to be paid Mexico for the line of twenty-six degrees,, from the Gulf to the Pacific, and the United States to demand no expenses of the war. . These expen ses are estimated at thirteen millions, ma king a total of twenty-eight millions for the territory north of twenty-six degrees. Santa Ann a took leave of the army : San Luis Potosi on the 14th of March in the following brief address: Headquarters, San Luis Potosi, March 27, 1847. Companions in Arms: Devoted entire ly to the sci vice of the country, I march to assume the reins of Government, in doing which I make the most costly sa crifice, acting contrary to my cherished desires and lixed intentions. But this course will put an end to the civil war which is destroying our beautiful capital; it will give unity to our defence and im pulse to the righteous struggle in which we are engaged with the perfidious inva ders, and in which you have fought with such bravery7 and decision in the field of La Angostura. Mv Friends: I will never forget your glorious actions on that field of battle, your sufferings in the desert, to which you submitted with heroic patience, and, above all, that I had the honor of commanding you. The nation owes you a recom pense, and you will shortly receive it through my exertions, although this is not the consideration which stimulates you to bear yourselves as worthy sons of Mex ico. Soldiers: You are the hope of the country, her best defenders. Your duty then is to guard all parts: and on this ac count I hare disposed that two brigades of infantry and one of cavalry, with their corresponding batteries, shall march to the defence of the State of Vera Cruz, the rest of the army defending this fron tier. Every where you will conduct your selves as you have done hitherto, and you will ever deserve the illustrious name you have acquired. I am going to procure whatever is necessary to consummate the great work which is committed to you, and be assured that in the hour of danger you will again find in the midst of you your general. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. From San Luis to the city of Mexico Santa Anna's progress was triumphal. He continually met delegations from Con gress sent out to propitiate him. Addres- - a t ses from the diflercnt States were presen ted to him on his route. He arrived in the immediate vicinity of the capital on the 20ih. On the 23d he took the oath of office as President of the Republic al the city of Guadalupe dc Hidalgo. The afternoon of the following day he entered the city of Mexico with great pomp and solemnity. A Te Deum was sung in the metropolitan church, where he received the felicitations of the authorities and cor porations. SANTA ANNA'S INAUGURAL ADDRESS. Senores Dehuties: I have just taken the oath which the law prescribes, and in doing so, ought to accompany it with a manifestation of ray sentiments and the motives of my conduct to this respectable committee of the legislative body. The events which have taken place in the capital are known, and arc of such a character as to bind me to give them a speedy and pacific termination. Sur rounded by difficulties of all kinds, inter ested in what is the most important and essential for the whole nation, as is the sustaining of a strong and decided strug gle with a foreign Power, in which noth ing less is involved than the existence of the nation, it would be the best of evils to enter into a contest with those who ought to unite in repelling the common enemy. These discords ought to disappear at the imperious voice of patriotism, which calls upon the sons of the country to have but one will and aim. The moments have been urgent; I have seen the forward steps of the enemy; I have rushed to the field to repel him, and even at the mo ment of doing so I have been forced to leave a brave and victorious army, and to come hither to assume a power which I have repeatedly said was repugnant to my feelings and which I had decided ne ver to undertake. That which has been and ought to be an object of aspiration and desire, is for me an enormous sacrifice. But I am all for my country, and shall ever serve it, without thinking what it may cost me to do that which the nation desires 1 should do. I have entered upon the Supreme Magistracy because I have seen that it was the sole legal means of terminating its customary routine in Gen. Scott's ar the disturbances of this capital, and be- since the occupation of tic t0Wn and cause I believe I shall thus be able to fa-1 , , mi i cilitate the nroseeution of the war. and castIe hY our tr00Ps- fhe commands in to save the independence and honor of i Mexico, which I wish to present unsul- , ucu aim urmiaiii iu uie wunu yimcu is up holding us. I have before me the com mittee of thi snvprriirn fJonoress. of that i . i .... i i .ii: . i .i i.i u : . -. i . i august body whose decisions I have re- speeicd and shall constantly continue to ; respect. Its decisions will be my invari- able guide, and I have firmly resolved to preserve a pure union with the legislative body, which union will give us a final victory and the re-establishment of inter- Department. Kumors were current a nal and external peace, on which the hap- mong the troops, and generally credited, pincss of our country depends, and to that the army would be for some time which wc all aspire. The nation has cantoned in and about Jalapa, a city re proclaimcd the political principles which nowned for the salubrity of the climate, ought to be the basis of the administra- where they would enjoy perfect immuni tion which I wish to establish. ty from the ravages of the vomito. Thus I understand that its strength will A Frenchmen, who arrived at Vera be secured for defending itself and its ; Cruz on the 31st from the city of Mexi rights, for which its sons have those gua-' co, reported that there were not one thou ranties which belong to all men, and sand armed men, all told, on the road which civilization claims, and which has : from Vera Cruz to the capital. He said been my aim since my return to thecoun- there were nine guns in position at Puen try. This will not be denied, and the na- j te Nacional, but only sixty men to serve tion shall still sre me obedient to its wish- i them. es, without my having any other rule of Santa Anna, it seems, had flattered conduct than its decisions. As a Mexi- i himself with being able to succor Vera can and a soldier, I shall always take the same road as the nation; and I aspire to no other title , than that of a good citizen, and in speaking of me that it should be said that I always loved my conntry; that I served it with zeal, and that I sacrificed myself for its good. The Cabinet of Santa Anna is compo sed as follows: I). Mariano Otero, Minis ter of Foreign Affairs; 1). Juan Rondero, of the Treasury; D. Francisco Suarvey Triarte, of Justice; and.D. Joe Ignacio Gutierrez, of War. From any thing we find in the papers it docs not appear that Santa Anna's as sumption of the reins ol Government is a revolution. He ot course dispossesses Gomez Farias as chief executive officer, but without driving the latter from his station as Vice President. El Republi cano, a very pertinacious opponent of the administration of Farias, claims the change as equivalent to a revolution; all the mea sures of Farias are to be abandoned, it says; but it will be proper to wrait a little till Santa Anna has time lo look about him. Our latest papers just bring him into the full enjoyment of power. He has avowed his intention of asking from Congress an amnesty for all political of fences committed since 1821. The Times has a number of El Re publicano of the 27lh March, from which it appears that all difficulties had subsided at the capital. Gen. Pcna y Barragan, the leader of the insurgents, had issued an order to his followers to disband and retire peaceably to their respective homes. This was done in obedience to an injunc tion from Santa Anna, when at some dis tance from the capital. The Priest party, as offering in greater abundance the elements of stability to his sway, arc said to be in high favor with Santa Anna. Immediately upon his in auguration he published an address to his countrymen which breathes a spirit of de termined hostility to the Americans. He exhorts them to cease their intestine com motions, and to unite heartily for the ex pulsion from the soil of the common ene my. He anticipates, provided he is pro perly seconded by the people, lo be still able to make head successfully against the invading forces. SANTA ANNA. In our news from the Brnsos we men tion the arrival of Santa Anna, on the 8th ultimo, at San Luis Poto3i, with a remnant of his army. Mr. Kendall in one ol Ins letters speak of him as having subsequently reached the capital of Mexico where it is said he has joined the Church party, and is disposed for peace. This in'elligencc Mr. Kendall received through the foreign fleet at Vera Cruz and it is probably true in so far as the whereabouts of Santa Anna is concerned; nor is it improbable that he has become disgusted with fighting. QPicayune. A GOOD REASON. Blitz had a bright little fellow on the stand to assist him in the "experiment." "Sir," said the Signor," do you think I could put the twenty cent pieces which that lady holds, into your coat pocket: "No," said the boy, confidently. "Think not?" "I know you couldn't," said the little fellow, with great firmness. "Why not?" ; " 'Cause the peckeb is all torn oatf From the Army at Vera Cruz. The latest accounts are of the 31st ul timo. Every thing had begun to resume the city, the castle, Fort Santiago, and ! I other salient points, remained as at last advices. The heat was intense, but the health of the men remained m the most satisfactory condition. Gen. Scott was anxiously waiting the arrival of additional means of transport, mules, wagons, &c. to commence an on- J ward movement into the interior, inten- j ding to occupy Jalapa, the capital of the Cruz. The six thousand veteran troops who accompanied him from San Luis were not permitted to proceed with him lo the city of Mexico, but were ordered to march to Vera Cruz bv the shortest route; and, at the latest date from the ca pital, he was still unceasing in his exer tions to forward reinforcements. On the 27th ultimo a considerable force, forming the permanent garrison in the city of Mexico, the grenadiers of the Supreme Power, the sixth infantry, and the bat talion of liberty of the National Guard, marched forth from the metropolis des tined for Vera Cruz. Rather too late, wc think. The following general order had just been issued by Gen. Scott: Headquarters of the Army, Vera Cruz, March 30, 1847. The capture of this well-fortified city, the emporium of Mexican commerce, with the castle of San Juan d'Ulua, the enemy's principal fortress, with 5,000 prisoners, and as many stand of arms, 400 pieces of ordnance, and a large quan tity of ordnance stores, have added to the I glory of American arms acquired else where in tins war, and cannot tan to con tribute powerfully to an early peace, so much desired by the United States. These important achievements have es tablished a new base, and opened a shor ter and better line of operations upon the enemy's capital and centre of resources. The General-in-Chief congratulates the army he has the honor personally to com mand upon this brilliant opening of a new campaign, and tenders, on the part of the United States, immediate thanks to all the corps regular and volunteer, in cluding a detachment of marines under Captain Edson which formed the line of investment and prosecuted the siege to its happy conclusion. I he troops have borne the heaviest labors, in camp and in trenches, without failure or murmur, a- midst sand-storms of distressing frequen cy and violence, skirmishes by day and night, and under tiie incessant hrc ot tne enemy's heavy ba'tcrics of the city and castle. I he sfc'adiness and cueerlulness of officers and men, under the circum stances, are worthy of all praise. The General-in-Chief sincerely regrets that he cannot give the names of the hun dreds, or rather thousands, to whom par ticular thanks arc due on this occasion. He can only enumerate the few who were isolated by rank or position, as well as by noble services. Of this class he is hap py to name Brevet Brigadier General Worth (now Brevet Major General) and Brigadier General Twiggs, commanding the remilar brigades; Major General Pat- terson (second in command) and his three brigadier generals, Pillow, Quitman, and Shields, of the volunteer division; Col. Harney, commander of the regular caval ry; Col. Tottcn, chief of engineers; Col. Bankhad, chief of artillery and comman der of the batteries, ably assisted, in suc cession, by other field officers of artille ry; Captain linger, acting chief of ord nance, much at the batteries, and assisted ably in supplying them by Captains Cross and Irwin, both of the Quartermaster's Department; Lieut. Col. Hitchcock, ac ting inspector general; Major Turnbull, acting chief of topographical engineers; Major MacRee, acting chief of the Quar termaster's Department; Capt. Grayson, acting chief of the commissariat; Sur geon General Lawson and the personal staff of the General-in-Chief, Lieutenants IT. L. Scott, Williams, Scammon, and Lay; with the occasional aid of Captains Lee and Johnson, cf the engineers and topographical engineers, and Captain Monroe, acting assistant inspector gene ra'. To the commissioners. Brevet Maj. Gen. Woith, Brigadier General Pillow, and Colonel Tottcn, including Capt. Au- lick, of the navv, who so ablv negotiated and arranged the terms of capitulation j with the enemy's commissioners, great credit is also severally due in that distinct capacity. Thanks higher than those of the Gcn-eral-in-Chief have been also earned by the entire Home Squadron, under the sue- cessive orders of Commodores Conner . l r i t t t and Perry, for prompt, cheerful, and able j assistance from the arrival of the army off this coast. Besides landing troops J and supplies, and the strict blockade of j - this port, the smaller vessels, detached by Commodore Perry, under the immediate command of Captain Tatnall, joined for a time in the attack upon the city, at tl imminent risk of being sunk bythefi the city, at tho re of the castle; and the land battery No. 5, (called the Naval,) which followed Nos. 1,2,3, and 4, (served by the army,) at the end of two days was exclusively (af ter being prepared by the engineers and troops of the army) armed, manned, and commanded out of the squadron. This battery, in the successive tours of the ffal lant Captains Aulick and Mayo, proved itself highly effective. Byr command of Major General Scott. II. L. SCOTT, Acting A. A. G. FROM SOUTH AMERICA. Correspondence of the N. Y. Commer cial Advertiser. Rio de Janero, February 19, 1817. We are most anxiously expecting later advices from England and Montevideo, as they will probably determine the policy of England and France as regards the arm ed intervention in the River Plate, par ticularly as upon their decision depends the question of peace or war between Ro sas and Brazil. The former has of late offered many insults to Brazil, and seems to be determined to goad her into a quarrel. Brazil is desirous of peace, but is pre pared and is preparing for defence in case of being attacked at the South; and, at last advices from Montevideo, 30th ulti mo, the troops of Rosas were in full pos session of the Bands Oriental, having crossed Entre Rios in large numbers, rou ted Rivera, (who had a lew days before taken Paysaudu on the Uruguay,) and driven him across the country to Maldon ado, where he arrived on the 27th. It was extremely doubtful if he could main lain himself there against Oribe's forces, and he would probably be obliged to flee to Rio Grande again; and if afforded protection, as before, Rosas, would con sider it "casus belli," and commence op erations immediately, as one of his most serious charges against Brazil is their af fording Rivera protection before, and af tar allowing him passports to go to Mon tevideo. It has been the subject of two very strong protests by the Argentine Minister at this Court. The Mutinc brig of war, which was ordered to be ready early in December to take out the final orders of the English and French Governments to Montevideo, was still waiting at Portsmouth on the 28th of December, it is supposed in con sequence of some misunderstanding be tween the two Powers, England being for prosecuting the intervention, and France opposed to it. The latter is supposed to'bc jealous of the former, as by the opening of the Parana the English would be the greatest and almost only gainers, whereas France would have to bear the greatest burden of ships and men. It would now appear that Urquiza, the Governor of En tre Rios, who it was supposed had deser ted Rosas, has again espoused hU cause, not only allowing his troops to pass through Entre Rios, but affording him ev ery assistance in his power. Nothing is known with certain'y of the states of Conentes; but it lo be feared that she will follow Entre Rios, being parly to the treaty of Alcercz, which appears to ha c been only to blind the other Slates, while Rosas was preparing for the new campaign Ths general opinion is that Brazil can not escape a war with Rosas, particularly in consequence of her good understanding with Paraguay, having acknowledged her independence, and, may think, entered privately into a treaty offensive and de fensive. It is very certain that the Par aguayan Minister al this Court is on very good terms with tho Government, and it would not be surprising if Gen. Gaid;, the Argentine Minister, should demand his passports, or rather the Government should send them to him. His corres pondence and protests th2 past three months have been couched not only in strong, but rather insulting terms. The replies of the Brazilian Government were very proper, and not wanting in spirit. This Government is expecting Mr. Wise's recall, having signified their wish that he should not be allowed to remain; and under the circumstances it would not be advisable. "That is really the smallest horse I ever saw," said a countryman, on viewing a Slietland.'poney. "Indade, now," replied his Irijh'companion, "but I've cen one as small as two of him." Secretary's Offck, ? Harrisbirs, March 22, 1847. To the Directors of the respective accep ting School Districts, and the people: The Legislature, at the Session of 1816, appropriated the sum of $200,000, t0 lne support of Common Schools, for c current school year, 18 47, to be divi- 'l - .l . . ... ucu among tne accepting districts, m proportion to the taxable inhabitants. " Bum, wuen uiYiueu, gives in ma proportion of fifty cents to each taxablo inhabitant, for the present year, which will end on the first Monday of June next. The sum of $200,000 has been appro priated by an act passed at the late Ses sion, to the same object, for the School year 1848, which will commence on the 7th day of June next, to b divided in the same manner, among the accepting dis tricts. It is believed however, from tha anticipated increase of accepting districts, as well as the natural increase of taxablo inhabitants, that it will hardly admit of a3 large a distribution to each taxable inhab itant, as that of the present year. Tho exact amount cannot be ascertained, until the returns of all the accepting districts, and the number of taxable in each, are received at this office. The probable a mount however, will be in the proportion, of from forty-five to fifty cents, to each taxable. I have, therefore, deemed it my duty, thus early to call the attention of the di rectors and the people, to the provisions of the fourth section of the act of June 13, 183G, which are as follow: "Section 4. The school directors of every school disiric which has adopted, the Common School system, or which may hereafter adopt the same, shall annu ally, on or before the first Monday m May, authorize to be levied, such an a mount of tax, on said district, as they may think necessary for school purposes, not less than equal to, nor more than tre ble the amount which the district is enti tled to receive out of the annual Slate ap propriation; and for the purpose of rais ing any additional sum, that may be deemed necessary, meetings shall be cal led, of the taxable inhabitants of the town ship or distrist, by the directors, on tho first Tuesday in May, annually; notice of the time and place of holding iuch meet ing, being first given by at least six adver tisements, put up in the most public pla ces in such township or district, for the space of two weeks, a majority of whom shall decide by ballot, how much, and what additional sum, shall be raised for school purposes; and any additional sum so authorized, shall be assessed and col lected, paid over and distributed, in tho same manner as is provided for by this act." It will be perceived, from this section, that the directors are only authorized to levy taxes to treble the amount of the State appropriation, unless the consent of the people is first obtained, in the manner provided by tha said section. It is there fore important, in order to secure good schools," and their con'inuance for a rea sonable portion of the year, that the re quirements of the law, should receive tho attention of the people. The attention of the county commis sioners, is also respectively called to iho provisions of the third section of the sup plemental school law of 183G, (to bo found at page 332, pamphlet laws of that year,) relative to the triennial enumera tion of the taxable inhabitants; a compli ance with which, at as early a period as may be practicable, is desired. The directors of the several accepting school districts, should also bear in mind, that the suparinlendant is prohibited from issuing his warrant for the distributive share of a district, for any year, until ho is furnished with the report of the direc tors for the preceding year, and with a certificate, that a tax has been assessed, as required by law, and a duplicate and warrant for the collection thereof, deliver ed to the collector. Very ro.p2ctfully, J. MILLER, Superintendent of the Common Schools. Capt. .Aujrim;. Tliii ga'hnt officer who fell in the attack ::pon Vera Cruz,was an ornament to the army and universally beloved by all who knew him. He was a native of 'Berkley county, Va., where his wife and family reside, and entered tho armv in March, 1837. He distinguished himself in the Florida campaign, at the bat tle of Orang J creek, where with a handful of men he fought : n !dcfi-ated 100 Semi nolcs uncbr the celebrated chief Tustennu t; c. lie was a printer, and for several yeans published the Martinsburg. (Va,) Repub lican. Peace to hw man-'s, ami may his who "tempers the winds to the shorn Iamb," guardind protect his wife and chil dren. We understand that the lion. Daniel Webster h is formally connected himself with the Epi?ei'pal Church, and on Su:. dav last participated in tha co n:inia n at Washington. What arc victor1! u the battls" freld when camprc.I to tr. ump. over fell I