PHILADELPHIA, S'
THURSDAY EVENING, October 5. Tim ,
Vdr the Gazette of the United Statis.
October 2d, 1797 A ] e fs
To Mr. BENJAMIN WYNKOOP.\ the
A POWERFUL desire of afcertainin|j fy n
the origin and true cause of the Fever, whicrn p' cr
still unfortunately prevails in Philadelphia, f erl
induces me to address you again on the in- ,knc
terefting fubjeft, and to submit the follow- C( 1
ing particulars to your consideration, thro* <
a public channel, that the public may judge- w h
whose arguments and fadls are moll concln- An
five. the
With refpeft tp febrile contagion, it is p al
proper to observe, that all the irioft accurate p re
and best informed physicians agree that it h D (
never adls but when it is near to the source thi:
from whence it arises ; that i 3, eifher near to w ],
the bodies of men from which it immediate- anc
ly issues, or nearto some fubftauces which, nu!
having bem near to the bodies of men, are en t
imbued with the effluvia, and in which sub- <
fiances these effluvia are sometimes retained Q,
in an iflive state for a very long time. cd
The substances thus imbued with an aftive CO i
and cofitngious matter may be called somites, 0 f
and it appears probable and is confouant to
observation, that febrile contagion, as it arises. . CO i
from somites, is more powerful, than when ths
it arife3 from the human bo- ig
dy.—" The effluvia (fays the celebrated we
Cullen) which rises from marfties or moist fl u
ground, afted upon by heat, is universally. l o |
the cause of intermitting and remitting or an
bilious fevers." So many observations have j 3
been made with refpeft to this, in so many w j
different regions of the earth, as leare no on
doubt of the truth of this observation. w ]
The finiilarity of the climate, season and f lc
fpil in, the different countries in which inter- h«
milting, remitting and bilious fevers (for £
they are all of the fame kind, differing on\y ■ hi
in degree) arise and become epideitiic, and fh
the similarity of the diseases, though arising p,
in different regions, concur in proving, that O
there is one common cause of these fevers in
aH their varieties, and that this cause is the
effluvia of putrid vegetable substances, for |
of these the foil of niarlhy ground is chiefly
composed. f c
And human effluvia are universally the j al
cause of all continued fevers of a nervous Or f e
putrid kind, only varied in their lymptoms,' m
by the circumstances of climate, season, tem- ; r
perature of the air, condition of the foil, J
mode of living and Constitution of the patient f,
concurring with the effluvia and modifying tl
their power. o
It has now' been rendered probable thnt Q
the effluvia of marshes or putrid vegetable ,
substances are the cause of the intermitting <J
fever in all variety—and that effluvia from f t
human bodies are the sole cause of thg con- tj
tinued fever in all its variety. g
The fevers produced by the effluvia of h
marshes, or moist ground, adled upon by
heat, are often epidemic, and sometimes ma- c
lignant ; but there is no maxim in experi- r ,
mental philosophy, no problem in geometry, (
better established, than that they are never e
contagious in any situation, notwithftand- t
ing what has been affertrd.by fuperficial ob- f
servers to the contrary : Whereas those pro- t
dcced by human effluvia are always more or v
less contagious in confined or impure and r
warm air. J <
That fevers arising frpm human effluvia c
are generally attended in the beginning with r
inflammatory symptoms in cold climates, ap* ! t
pears evident from Dr. Cullen's observations ,
relative to their symptoms in Scotland ; j c
hence he denominates the disease Synochus, 1 (
1. e. a fever beginning like inflammatory, t
and ending like a putrid fever. And that I
the inflammatory symptoms are still higher ,
and more evident when the disease-attacks J
persons of vigdrous constitutions, with an ,
inflammatory diathesis, in a hot dry season, j
is not only agreeable to reason, but
been often observed and recorded by differ- \
ent authors. 1
That the yejjpw fever is propagated by ,
contagion, that is from the effluvia of the
diseased conveyed a from its ]
source, through the medium of the air, and ,
received into a found body by the lungs, <
flomach, and perhaps the pores of the skin,
is a fadl too notorious to admit of difpute—
and that the Coutagion by which it is pro
pagated is derived from living human bodies
under particular circumstances, I think the
following fails, extrafled ffom.different au
thors, fufficiently establish.
" The firft (hip which arrived towards
the latter end of this year (1758) from the
fleet in N. America, was the Loeftcffe. On
the 18 th of October, 18 of her men were
sent to the hospital, and 13 more on the a ift
•of the fame month. The scurvy', the flux,
Vjnd fevers were reported to be the prevaih'ng
diseases in that (hip,.
" The company of the Loeftoffe were in
perfeft health the 8 months they were in
America, and until a few days before their
departure from Quebec. At that time 6
recovered marines came on board from Point
Levy hospital, -ar.d in 48 hours afterwards,
among her company of 200 people, were
seized with fevers and fluxes.
« In some, the sickness began with a
flux, in others with a fever; but the flux
was generally moderate and gentle. The
fever continued commonly from 5 to 10
days ; ■ two patients were distressed with it
for a'whole month. When the firft attack
was from the fever, a supervening flux
Droved faltitary ; but where the contagion
made its ftvft appearance with a flux, the
aceeffion of the fever carried off the patient.
«' This (hip was 27 days in her passage
to England from Quebec, and during that
time fix of "her men died.
« One of the crew, a Spaniard, having
relapsed, turned yellow on the 6th day of
the fever. His chief cpmplamt at this
♦i me was an univerfnl unealinefs over his
•whole body, his head alpne being ur.aj.eft
ed He earnestly intreated to be bied ; .
t'nougli his pulse wis low T con fen ted to (pa
his repeated felicitations, and permitted a rib
small quantity to be taken from His arm. rule
The mass of this blood was exceedingly in I
viscid and fizv ; and after Sanding some oth
time, the gnimous concretion became co- wa
wred with a yellow gluten, hslf an inch in cor
thickness, impenetrable to the finger, tin- of
less cut by the nail ; the feWim being at '
the fame time of the confidence of thin the
syrup, and of a deep yellow colour. A nui
person, prompted by curiosity, tailed the fei:
I serum and found it bitter. Another, not on<
! knowing it to be the serum of blood, judg- ftri
cd it to be a competition of foot. ha;
11 This fever was plainly the fame as that bel
which was brought lrft year from North ric
America, and commonly by us denominated
the Tel'ow Fever. It was oftener aceom- an
panied with a flux than the fever of the we
preceding year ; and of the fickse«t to the { in
hospital, a greater proportion died from thi
this (hip than from any other ; for of 34 att
which were admitted, some with the flux, ne.
and others with the scurvy, but the greatest |
number with the fever, we loft nine pati- j fa<
ents. ' j th
" In November, after the conquest of | L
Quebec, the North American fleet return-* M
cd to England, with several of the (hips' j tie
in perfeft health ; while the crews on
of others were afflidled with an a&ive and ; ttt
pj|verful contagion. . The mod vigorous :fo
.contagion was in the Dublin and Neptune;
the former had buried in their passage home
19 men, and on her arrival at Spithead 96
were reported, to the hospital in fevers, -
fluxes and the scurvy. The Neptune had
loft 160 of her complement in a few months,
and on her arrival her sick lift contained
133 sick. The surgeon had been seized
with the yellow fever, but had recovered :
one of his mates had a fifth relapse into it,
when at Spithead. Some attributed their
sickness to the French prisoners whom they
had received on board ; others to the New
England volunteer*, wh« were very sickly ;
but the fever was introduced into several
(hips by the marines from the hospital at
Point Levi."*
Observations on the phenomena produced
1 by this contagion, as they were written '
at different limes, in the wards of the n
" | hospital, by the experienced Lind.
' \ " 20th November. The crifi* of this '
fever happens at no fixed period, nor on
: \ any certain day that can be foretold. A
r few had spots ; on some they were petechial, c
> most of whom are well ; as also many who 1
- in the course of the dfeafe hecame yellow. r
1 This yellowness is at present much more 1
* frequent than vhe spots. The tindlure over I
J the (kin is universal, of a deep yellow tinge, 1
often painful, and disagreeable to the fight. '
1 One Afhley hjs relapsed three times, and
e 'in each relapse there appeared this jaun
, dice. The blood taken from a marine re
n fembles that of the Spaniard before men
- tioned, is viscid and glutinous ; both the
gluten and the serum, as well at the patient, !
f being yellow.
Y " Three men from the Cambridge, re
ceived into the hospital December 14th,
i- report, that the company on board the
U Cambridge, confiftiag of 650 men, had
' r enjoyed a good state of health for a long
time past, until they, with some of their
(hipmates, were ordered on board the Nep
>- tunc to prepare that (hip for the dock,
ir which was then in diftref6 for want of men,
mod of her people being at the hospital.
' Of those three men, one became spotted
is on the sth day and died, and another nar
h rowly escaped with life ; and I have reason
' to believe, that their other (hipmatei who
13 were employed in the Neptune, communi
-! cated the distemper to the Cambridge, as
B>l 8 > 1 (he soon after sent several with the fever to
ft the hospital."
at! «« When those men from the Cambridge,
tT one of the moil healthy (hips then in the
18 fleet, became infefled, the contagion by
which they \»cre infe£ted, did not proceed
n > jrom any person JUL in the Neptune, (f»r
a.3 U pon the firft appearance of any man being
*- there taken ill, he was immediately sent to
the hospital), but from the infection retsin
>y ed in the (hip."f
it "It was a'#j at this time very remarka
ts ble, that no seamen but those who had been
Td on board the American (hips, were seized in
[•» this hospital with that fever, notwithftand
■l ing their frequent intercourse."
- M The praftice of cleanliness, and the be
nefit of the fre(heft air, did not avail to re
ies move this contagion ; which continued till
he the (hips were, taken into dock ;md properly
u * purified by fire and fnoke —After this ope
ration the ship and crew became perfe&ly
ds healthy—This was the cafe likewise with all
the N. American vessels."
3n (Perhaps the severe frofts which set in a
;re bout this time had some (hare in this faluta
!ft ry effect.)
ix, «« On board mod of the other (hips of
n g war we were able to trace out the importa
tion of the contagion, from guard (hips,
in from jails, unseasoned landfir.en, contam'inat
in { d pcrfons or ships."£
en' Sometimes only one man in a (hip may
6 be seized with a petechial or yellow fever,
;n * and all the reft continue tfnaffe&ed. The
ds, Magnanime was 7 weeks at sea in 1760,
ire w ith 700 men. Upon her return to port
only y were sick—one of them with a fpot
a ted fever, of which he died—" Another
ux person was sent from the Raven (loop with
he the yellow fever, of which he also died, and
1 0 yet no pcrfons on either of these (hips were
infe&ed."
ck Sir John Pringle relates, that of 23 per
il* sons who wfcre employed in refitting the old
on barracks in which some sick had lain, 1 7 di
he ed of the fever occasioned by the infe£tion.s
nt. _____ ——;
ge # Lind on the bejl method of preferring the
lat health of f amen. Edition of 1762.
f Lind, page 206.
ng j Lind on fevers and infcßion, p. 209.
of By iif ciion is meant the original effluvia
bis which occefions a fever —by contagion the efiu
his via from a person in a fever, which occajtcns a
ft- fever diflingafhed by the fame rjfemblage of
I ; fymplomj.
(page 27th of his difrafes of the army.) fore
"Ha?nee it appears that contagion is more vi- j heat
rulent Stt one time than another, as well-as
in some lituations and circumstances than in j
others—and the danger mortality willal- reft
ways he in proportion to the drength of the ing
contagious effluvia, provided the disposition feui
of the body be favourable to its operation, and
" In the month of April, 3 months afte.- te
the yellow fever- had entirely ceased, two con
nurses belonging to the fame chamber were fide
seized with fsvers, and both became yellow a d
one died, the other recovered. From a tail
drict examination it was found that they sou
had concealed fomt shirts and other clothes tha
belonging to the infefted men from Ame- . mu
riea." I 1
" There died in 8 months only 5 out of | fuf
an hutidted'attitidants at the hospital, that the
were co'ndsntly emploVed during that time pie
in various offices about the sick."* Why th:
' then is it thought so ektraordiiiary that the cip
attendants escape the disease at the hospital yo
near Schuylkill ? mi
j In a few days I propose communicating yo
' fafta which corroborate those extracted from ful
' the works of the experienced and observing tat
I Lind, "from the observations qf Doitors ; TJ
, Monroe, Chidiolm and Brier, which will set- j da
i tie the quedion to the conviction of every of
' one whose objedl is truth. In the mean :co
time, accept of the bed wishes for your per-; po
forval welfare, of your humble servant, tn
WILLIAM CURRIE. ex
Set Lind on preferring
Ry this day's Mail. %
'F R~A N~c E.
th
COUNCIL OF FIFE HUNDRED. C£
23 Meffidor, Augud 10. so
The following mefTage was received from tl
the Executive Direftory : le
In answer tip the refoluticn of the Council, 1
the march of the troops with- c ]
in the Conditutional limits. if
Citizens Representatives, o
I " The Executive Direftory delayed re- c
( plying to your mefTage of the 17th of this a
, month, relative to the marching orders given g
to of ChnfTeurs which were c
8 to pass by Ferte Alars in the expectation p
* that the report of the committee of Infpec 7 t
tors, upon which the mefTage had been a- o
dopted, would be printed. It is net yet d
j printed ; but the DireCtory, who in the c
mean time have been collecting the docu- ;
~ ments they were delirous of procuring res- c
pedting the route of these troops, consider a
it their duty to transmit to you such infor- j
' mation as has reached them. f
".Citizen commifTary of war, t
has made the following declaration upon this ,
fubjeft : ;
" Citizen Lefage, commifTary of war for 1
the army of the Sambre and Meufe, char- j
ged with the police of the division of Chaf- 1
' feura commanded by gen. Richepaufe, cer- ,
tifies, that after the said general had given 1
, to him at Durenne, the itinerary of the
' c route which this division was to observe in
j going to Chartres (an itinerary which was
entirely written by gen. Richepaufe, but
•J. not signed by him) he received at Aix-la-
Chapelle, the order of proceeding in that
dedination, and preparing before hand, at
1' the places pointed out, the neceflary provi
j' fian» and quarters for the four regiments
j which composed that diviGon, but which
r _ were only to arrive in fticceffion at these red
ing places ; that without examining the iti
lo nerary which had been given to him, or
j_ knowing that the Ferte Alars was within
a3 the conditutional limits of Paris, he cxpe
,o dited the order for the route, in consequence
of which the troops were to march—that
he followed the fame route to Rheims—that,
le * being there afTured that the letters he has
written to Charvelle, with directions to the
municipalities of the places through which
Br the troops were to pass, had been duly re
ceived, and having no further precautions to
t p take, as'the municipal adminidrations were
n _ charged with quartering and providing for
the troops, he yielded to the desire of fee
a_ ing his family who reside at Chartres, and
EU left rtie route of the division to take the
■ n fhorttrfctie by SoiflToni. He farther certi
fits, that neither general Richepaufe, -ior
aoy other Staff officer, gave him any other
)e _ marching order than the above, the itine
re - raT 7 °f which war transmitted to him at Du
'-jj renne ; that, during the course of th^march
1 he did not hear a y one of the troops speak
)e _ of their dedination ; that he only heard at
t ] Bonn and Durenne, persons who did not be
ajj long to the army, fay that the division was
to embark at Bred.
a _ 1 " General Richepaufe states, on his part,
ta _ that he received an order from gen. Hoche,
dated Cologne, the 13th Meffidor, in the
0 f following terms : '
t " General Richepaufe, commanding the
division of liorfe Chasseurs, is hereby order
al' ed to proceed, with the four regiments un
der his command, to Bred, by the way of
Chartres and Alencon. .
er Y (Signed) "HOCHE."
" General Ricliepaufe has besides made
the following declaration, which he fubferi
ort bed before the DireCtory on the 23d of
ot _ Thermidor
l, er " I.certify, that it was in consequence of
; t j, the order of the general in chief, Hoche,
ID( j dated the 13th Meffidor, directing me to
ere proceed with the four regiments under my
command to Bred, by the way of Chartres
er _ and Alencon, that I traced the route by
.jj which the fird division I commanded was to
proceed to Chartres that I was totally
,r ignorant of the exidence of any law which
required that the troops fhottld not come\
the within 12 leagues of Paris ; that I even
was inclined to have made them pass thro'
Paris : and that the difficulty of maintain
ing order among troops quartered in a large
via city, was the only reason determined me
Hu- not to adopt that route :—that my intenti
-1 a on was evidently pure j for if it had not, 1
of would not have o-.tiered a commifTary of war
to preceded me, who wa3 fix days be-
fore ttie ran of the troops, which was the | fear
head of the column Commanded by mc. i dirt
(Signed) « RICHEPAUSE. \ the
" Such is the informatioiv which the di- tro(
reCtory has procured respecting the march- whi
ing order given to four regiments of Chaf- is 1
fetlrs drawn from the army of the Sambre law
and Meufe, and which were to pass by Fer- the
te Alai3 to Bred. While the directory ! am
confine their answer to the point, they con- XI
fider it neceflary to direCt your attention to to
a statement which appears to have been con- it 1
tainedin the report on which your mefTage was tor
founded. All the journals agree in dating | wit
that you were informed that arms and am* pei
munition had recently been diftribiitrcd at ( T1
j Chartres to 500 ruffians for the -purpose of j wii
j suppressing or of threatening the freedom of j no'
the legislative body. 1 This datement is com- ins
pletely disproved by the municipality of fen
that place : the proces-verbal of the muni- i th<
cipality has been addressed to you ; so that ■ th
you mull already be convinced that the ene- ; T1
mies of the country have led the members of ; tit
your committee into an error upon this! ce;
fubjeCt. We now Some, citizens reprefen-1 mi
' tatives, to the second part of yonr mefTage. J ot
| The executive direCtory did not, till the pr
i day before yederday, receive the originals so
of the addresses of the defenders of the
i country from the different divilions that com
-1 pose the army ps Italy. They were all des
tined for the executive directory, with the 1 pt
' exception of two only ; and these were ad- 1 ct
ireffed to the defenders of the country com- j fh
pofmg the other armies. Though the mean- 1 t<
j ing and sense of the word " deliberer" (to t
i deliberate) has not been so accurately defin- ec
ed as to be clearly applied to the aft by it
which, after having cxpreffed their fears and fr
their hopes to the executive dire&pry and t!
their brethren in arms, the defenders of the Y
country have only 1 dated the wishes they had h
formed, and the fentimeuts that animated ,tl
I them, the executive directory have neverthe- h
less resolved to prevent' its circulation— a
, They have also written to the- general in p
- chief, deploring the circumftanees whickjud ; il
ifiduced the brave republican foldirrs ;o j t
commit those aCls which might be coniider '
- ed irregular, and inviting them ca' rul'v
s avoid every thing which may in th '
II grcc tend to the infraftion or »!,< <at
e constitution. The diref'.yry ha: not ;op
n ped there ; thev have thought it their duty
to go back to the cauf , and to point th >n
1- out, perfuadtd that you will, in your vn't- {
dom, adopt such measures es fnall ®ake 1 ltm 1
ie cease to exiff. The cause of these proceed- t
1- ings, on the part of the defenders of the
country, is to be attributed to the gen >al
!r alarm and disquietude whith for some months <
r_ part, having taken poffeflion of all the per- I
ions, has the profound tranquilli- I
r, ty that reigned, and the general confidence
is which every where prevailed. It is to be t
attributed to the defalcation in the revenue, 1
or which leaves all parts of the adminrdration j
r- in the moll deplorable situation, and de-
I- prives, often, of their pay and their fubfift
r- ence, the men who, for years past, have shed
tn their blood, and fecrificed their health to
he serve _the republic. It is to be attributed
in to the persecution and affaffiiiation of the
as purchasers of national property, of the pub- j 1
ut lie functionaries, of the defenders of the j
a- country —in ftiort - , of all those «vho have
at dared to (hew themselves the friends of the
at republic. It is to be attributed to the want !
of firmnefs and vigour in the punilhment of
its criminals, and in the partiality of the public
ch tribunals—lt is to be attributed to the info
d- lence of the emigrants and the refractory
ti- pritfts, who, recalled, and openly favoured,
or appear ever/ where, keep alive the flame cf
tin discord, and inspire a contempt of the laws, j
>e- It is to be ascribed to the multitude of jour?
ice nals with which the armies, like the in ten- .
tat or, are inundated—Journals which threaten j
at, death to the supporters of liberty, which
ias villify all the republican inditutions, which j
he openly and fhamefully dtfire the return
ch of royalty, and all .the oppressive and
re- vexatious institutions, which equally tor
to ment and humiliate the merchant, the ar- ;
:re tifati and the labourer, and even the rich pro- [
for prietor who it untitled. It is to be found
ee- in the irttered, always ill-dissembled, and
nd frequently openly manifefted, which the
he enemies ef their cot*.try take in the glery
rti- the prosperity of the Englilh govern- I
ior ment and the Audrian court, while they en- !
her dcavor, on the contrary, to dim' ;ifh t'ie
ne- true ren'iwn of our warriors, and ft>cak v it] i
)u- an ill difgnifed contempt of tVe high de; iny !
rch held out to France, aud of the eminent de
grec of glory and of happincls which flic was 1
at about to reach. It is owing to the blame
be- which has been thrown upon the mod glori
vas ous and ufeful confequeuces of the victories
of our defenders —to the, plan, openly de
»rt, clared, of calumniating and ruining the re
he, putasjon of our republican generals, and
the particularly those who, to glory of the
most brilliant triumphs and the mod fkilftil
the campaigns, have added, the one in the weft
ler- of France, the other in Italy, the immortal
un- honor of a political conduCt, which will pro
r of cure to their phiiofophy and humanity as
much praise as has already been bestowed on
' their military genius. Finally, the cause is
ade to be found in the defpauvt© which all true
cri- citizens, and particularly the defenders of
los their country, are reduced, in feeing at the
sam« moment of its concltifion, and after,
eof they had purthafed ijt with so much blood
:he, and.so many ftifferings, the definitive peace,
: to, solicited by the chiefs of the vanqnifhed co
rny alition, placed at a didance—that peace
tres which a government, the friend of humanity,
by seeks dill with the greatsft. earnestness to
i to conclude. But, all at once reanimating their
ally hopes, and reckoning upon the dissolution
ich Qf the republican gove*iment in confcquence
>me\ of the exhausted ltate of our finances, upon
ven the death or the exile of our braved generals,
iro' and on the dispersion or dedrnftion of our
sin- armies, the fame- coalefed powers have ex
rge hibited aB much tardiness in the progress of
me their uegociations at they at firft tedified ar
nti- dour to ternwnate them. Such, citizens
, t representatives, are the causes which have
war agitated the minds of the soldiers of the re
be- public, and induced them to exprcfj thei
J
, fears and their refoluti'onsj The executive fl
j diredlury repeat, that thcy'lhall do what jfl
, they ought to do, in recommending to the
■ | troops to avoid all irregular proceedings flfl
■ ' which are contrary to that discipline which x
- is the foul of armies, and opposite to the
: law 6 which are the support of At Rate ; but
- they owe to you, in the mean time, a frank
j > and faithful declaration of their sentiments.
- The government (till confidently hopes to
i to save France from the dissolution to which
- it is precipitately hurried, to exftinguifh the
s torches of civil war which are lighted up
g ' with fury, and to protest persons and pro
i* perty from the danger of a new revolution,
it This resolution the directory will purfuc
if with perseverance and with courage, and will
if | not be turned aside by any fears or by any
i- influence. They will not, however, -cpn
)f sent to inspire a falfe security, either in
i- i their fellow-citizens of the interior, or in
it • those who defend the country without.
e- They (hould consider themselves guilty of *
as ; treason towards their country if they con
is ! cealed the atrocious attempts that are unre
n- ; mittingly made to lead us into all the horrors ,
e. \ of a second revolution, by. overthrowing the
ie present government, either by treason or (
ils force.
he (Signed) " CARNOT, President. .
n- " L#\GARDE, Scc'ry.
:f- After it was read Bailly moved that it be
lie ! printed, referred to a fpecia] committee,
d- confiding of seven members, and that it
•n- (honld be communicated by a message to the .
a- ' eouncil ofielders. %
to t L?marque opposed this.-—" The only
n- eomplaint.he said, which your commission of
>y infpedlors is empowered to examine, is the
id faa which was denounced to you relative to
id the violation of the boundary of 12 leagues. *
he You haye acknowledged that this boundary
ad had not been geometrically measured; thus
ed ,the grievance which the echoes of fadtion
le- have so very i:omplaifantly repeated, is done
- away. This indeed, is proved by the re
in port of your pommittee,—Wby then has
■..id : it occupy 1 i f M| with the mnvopurats (if the
to j tri.-op" be.y< d the limits of the cotiftitutional
ier | in ; ?.!t was neivnary to examine many
fftui • wta:h jj'ave notevenbe.cn touched
,/n The. i-rft was to know, if the I i6th
cK- onllitution .did not empower
i i reft the movements of the
ity i,r :id he oiiftitutional boundary?
iCitt The <'' vjicrher the existing circum
vil'-. fta.K v -.'.d permit us to deviate in any
•n : it . ,s ■ i iples, in. order to take in-" ,
ed- to couiiceratiau pretended alarms? I con
the tend that all theie denunciations all these J
•ral coml- ned . stacks, tend only to place the I
iths different authorities at variance, to pro7oke
jer- the civil war, to renew the yefgn of circum
illi- stances and that of government committees,
nee Has it not betn proclaimed from the tribune,
ibe that an alarming division exilled between
me, the members of the direftory? as if the ma- -
tion jority of the directory did not pofTe.fs the
de- power given to it by the conftituti.<r.._ Have
fift- not thofe'Journals who are in the pay qf the
shed king's friends, given ter this majority the
Ito appclation of Triumvirate? And yet, this
ited unprecedented audacity remains iinpuni(li
the !ed —no notice, indeed, has ever beijn taken
>ub- of it. Have not some orators spoken of
the ' attempts against the national representation?
lave Has not the council permitted that article
the of tlte constitution which fays, th«t the
vant ! heads of an accufotion (hall be fpecifically ■
tof ftatrd, to be violated ? Instead of purfuiug ■
iblic the salutary forms of the constitution, we fl
nfo- hear men speak of indulgence, and generofi- V
,ory ty towards the director)', as if the directory , I
red, were subordinate to the council," —[Mur-
ie cf murs.]
aws. j Bailly—"This is,an insulting wrong to J
our-' the lrgiflative body,—President, call the
tcvi- , fpeaktr to order."
aten ! Lamarque —" I observe to my colleagues
hich —[a voice, lam not your colleague.] I ■
hich 1 remind those who are my colleiguts [Mur- J
turn murs.] I move that the president call to or-
and der those who are not my colleagues—
tor- i [Great noise.] 1
• ar-1 Talot—" President, tell the reprefenta
pro- ; tives to silence their cries.—We cannot
jund , hear." _ i j
and A m'ajber of voices insist that Talot (by
the name) i:»ould be called to order—a violent
rlery altercation ensues betw-. en 1 alot„ and the
,-ern- member 1 " ne. him Great agitation pre
y en- v'aiij, ut tranquility is at length reflored.
-he,| i marque—"Explain the phra/e heie
vitl ; emp o)e't~—He said that the legiflativc bo
: or I dy would neither be generous nor indulgent^
tde it would neither reft the law against, nor in
'was ! favour of the direftory."
lame Lamarque continued— "In a report of
rlori- the. I2th Mefiidor, has not the reporter of
oriel* your commifiion of auditors to the treafurv
' de- accused the general of the army of Italy of
ie re- ordering and regulating payments himfelf, '
and and of opposing .the destination of the funds
f the regulated by the ccmmiffary of the treafu
iilftil ry? Why (hould the laurels of that army
weft which has by its conqucfts obtained the fup
orial plies of which it flood in need, be thus tarn
pro- idled? the fame repoitcralfo accused thegeii.
ty as of and Meufe,of having levied a con
ed on • tribution of three millions and a half; which
jfe is sum, he said, was pieced in the hands of the
'true etat major, and in the ' Co'iffcs of the recei
■rs of vers, xiut of which sum General Hoc Tie hnd
t the ;patd many difcrer.t aceotmts." Jlcin.ar.quj
after then moved t'ue previous ijuefticn, lclative
)!ood to, the motion for reti ring the mefiage to a
eace, committee.
d co- Vaublatic—" I fliould not have prefent
liace ed myielf to reply without preparation, to
nity, a written speech, w*ere I not persuaded
■fs to -that I should be received with indulgence
their by my colleagues, and were I not addressing
ution men, convinced as I am, that the opinions
lence to which we ought to listen with the great- ■
upon eft attention, are precisely those from which
erals, we diflent. I proceed to the examination |
f our of the different proportions, laid down in tM
e ex- the speech of Lamarque. He considered H
rfs of as unconstitutional the attention which you 1
:d ar- had bestowed upon the events which have j
izens lately taken place, and particularly upon B
have the inarch of the troops. It would be dif
ie re ficult more eompjetely to confound two ob- j
thei jedts very diftindt. Thb uirtftory doubtless