was defeated ; —Tils coolness and intrepidity in the j
mi.lft of a rpoft bloody scene, finally sustained his char.
a<Jter *bove censure, and added credit to the American
arras.
In 17 78 he shared in the hanor of the viilory over
the British army at Monmouth. In the fanjie year he
dittinguifhed himfelf by a bold attack upon a block
house on the North River. It was rendered unfuccfi"-
ful according »o the account given of it by General J
Waihwgton in his letter to Congress, only by the in
temperate valor of his troops. v
In 1779. he diftingurfhed himfelf by fu'rprifing and
Jtorming Stony Point —In effe&ing this business, he 1
marched several miles through a deep roorafs in the '
middle of the night. In the attack upon the fort, he
wasftruckdown.by a ball which grarifed hisheai. It
was expe<!\ed that he was ; but he foen rose so as
to reft on one knee. Feeling hi« situation, and be'iev- *•
jng his wound to be mortal, he cried out to one of his 0
Aids, Carry me forward, and let ras die in the fort." '
When he entered it, he jjave orders to flop the effu
fion of bleotl by th' sword, and to make the garrison
prilbners of war.—This humane/ command was the t
more generous as the garrison eonfifted of fjme of the t
troops who had ufetl the bayonet without mercy, at s
the faoli. F
In the year 17*1, he bore an a&ivepart in the cam- e
paign which reduced the army of Lord Cornwallis to <j
the necessity of surrendering prisoners of war. After f
this event, he was sent by General Washington, to con- h
dudl the war i« the State of Genrgia. Here his pru- S
dcnce, courage, and military Ikill were amply tried.
He contended wi'h equal fueceii with British soldiers,
Indian savages, and American traitors. In a short tl
time, he established peace and liberty in that once dif- f
trailed state. As a reward for his eminent frrvires, S
the lfgiflature <Jf Georgia presented him with a valua- f
ble farm.
Upon the return of peace he retired to private pur
suits. In 1787 he fubferibed as a member ofthe Pe»n
fylvania conventionale inftrumtnt which declared the
prcftnt Federal Coti'lVitution of the United States to be
part of ths supreme law of the land.
In the ye?r 1791, he accepted ofthe command of
the Amarlcan army, to be employed agjynft the Indi
ans, who fqr several years had carried on a fuceefsful
and desolating war, upon the frontiers of the United
State». In this Situation his military genius broke forth
with accumulated luflre. He disciplined and created
an army, and by uniting in his fyttem of ta&ics In
dian llratageir.s with civilized bravery, he led on his
troops to /lAnry over numerous and conledtrated
tribes, and thereby gave peace in a single day to the
United States.
Ha died of an acute disease, at Prefqu isle, in the
fcrvice of his country, on the 15th of December,
1706. *
Reader! whoever thou art, remember that the
man whose name is hereby revived in the public mind,
was thy friend. He endured hunger, cold, pain, .
watchfulnefs and fatigue, and he fought and hied,
that thou mighteft enjoy Liberty and Independence.—
He died in a hut in the wilderness, remote from his
friends, that his countrymen might enjoy in fafety,
beneath dcmeftic fh'ades, and in cultivated society, the
peaceable fruits of their labours. Traveler! who
ever thou art, that (hall visit the shores ofthe lake, on
■which his body is interred, stop, and drop a tear in
behalf of his country, over his grave. Plant near it ,
a willow, which fballconvey to it the dew of Heaven, J
and cut its bark, in letters that ihall grojw with
timo, the name of WAYNE, with the precious epi
theti, of PATRIOT, HERO and FRIEND. \
CONTINUATION OF
Late Foreign Intelligence.
By the arrival at New-Ljndon.
ABSTRACT,
from a Liverpool paper of November 15.
BY letters from R. Craufotd, to the Brnifh mi
nister, as late as the 27th of Oa. he fays, after
several defeats, Moreau was obliged to recrofs the
Rhine on the night of the 26th of OS. to Hun
in E en. The last of his rear guard was this m»rn
;„a (the 27th) on the heights of Weillar, on which
Morcau had conSrufled a large and solid work ;
but after a little skirmishing wuhthe Hnlfars, they
evacuated the heights and redoubt, before any in*
fantry could come up, and nothing now remains on
this fide of the Rhine, but a few troops in a fma.l
Tete de Pont, behind which is a kind of horn
work, lately conftrufted on the island, called Shu
terinfcl. The French are Rated to have met with
great leffes in cannon, prisoners, &c. bolh by Mr.
Crauford's letters, and the difpatcl.es to the empe
roi's minister in London, which detail the particu
lars It is further stated, by this mimftei's dis
patches, that the defeat of the French by WW
fer Oft. 7, w as mo(l compleat. The Vienna Ga
zette ofthe 19th, merely dates, that Wurmfer,
after two fruitless sttacks on Governolo, (near
Mantua,) at last carried that place by assault, and
put a whole French garrison to the sword. We
irealfo ta observe, that the official reports of the
Fiench generals and commissaries of the 15th and
17th of oa. from the lalt Paiis papers, make no
mention of these affairs.
The news from the Lower Rhine is not impor
(am it principally coitfifts- of alarms oceaf.oned
by the Auflrian detachments now on 'he left banks
of the Rhine. They makeextenfive incursions, and
cmifc great alarm to the garrisons of Coblctuz,
Landau, See. . t 1 11 *1
The Imperial armies in Italy as well as upon the
Rhine, receive daily reinforcements ; and unless
peace is concluded, the ImpenaUlU will follow up
their fuc<*ffes by a winter's campaign in France.
SWITZERLAND, Oa. 20.
A report prevailed that the army of Moreau was
approaching onr frontiers in it. retreat from Swab*.
Some cantons proposed to convoke an affably of
'J the ttates ; bat the canton of with
firmnefs, that troops ought to be assembled in the
firit inltance. In h&, <s°»° men marched to the
frontiers, and this example was followed by the
other Cantons.
LONDON, Not. IJ.
A eorvette of 24 gum. one of Rtchery's fleet,
J. mentioned to be taken by an Englifli fr. ? ««.
There are 3 English squadron. cra.Ußg for Riche
ry in the channel, Mann's, I hompfon s, and Cur
tlSßv the papers it appears that Lord Malmftury
Hill at Paris ; and » is obfetved, under Lon
don head of 15th Nov. from the total hlencc for
s om e davs on the fuhjeft of Lord Ms. negonati
on, tIKV hope, that things are going on in a tram
' which prrmifa fair for a fp«dy adjustment.
Philadelphia, j
FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 13, 1797.
Married lafl: evening, by the Reverend Mr. Aber
croinbie, Doctor James Gallahe*, to MiU Margaret k
Dobson, daughter of Mr. Thomas Dobfon.
Died, at Lancaster, Pennfylrama, after labonring
under many hard Mr. Democratic So-
CtETY, of that place, in the 2d year of his age—Hi3
stock in trade will be fold at public auiflion.
The pafiengers and crcvr of the ITiip Barrington,
Captain Stewart, loft on the Isle of Sables on the izd 5
of last Septeml>er, are arrived at New-York from f
Halifax in 14 days. i
The Common Council has rcfolved, nnanimoully,
that the address of the President ofthe United States
to the People be printed with their refotves and ordi- i
nances. Also, that an address be presented to him ex
prefiive ®f their Uigh sens« of the services he has render- .
ed ro his country, and their deep regret at his relin- 1
quifhing that high office which for eight years he has
filled with so much honor to himfelf and advantage to
hit country. These resolutions have beea sent to the
Select Council for concurrence. €
Agreeable to the plan laid before Congress of a \
dire<st tax of one million, soar hundred and eighty- r
four thousand dollars, to be laid upon the United
States, the apportionment of the several States is as L .
follows: *
Dollars' 3
To the State of Vermont, 18,000 )
5t,000 {
Maftachufetti, 196, «oo ,
Rhode-Island, «?,000 £
Connedlicut,, 98,009
New-York, 140,000 '
New-jersey, 7«,ooo 1
Fennfylvania, 181,000 >
Delaware, 14,003 |
Maryland, ua,oOo 1 <
Virginia, 166,000 (
Kentucky, i8,30c
North-Carolina, 140,000
Tenneflee, 14,000 I
South Carolina, 84,000 1
Georgia, 18, oca <
Amount to 1,484,000 .
From which there being dedu&ed for ") ,
abatements, erroneous afTefTinents ajid ( ,
charges »f collection, fifteen per cent. zn,oeo 1
There will remain the eltimated net / ,
proceeds of the proposed tax, being 3 %l *°°
CIRCULAR.
B'Jlon, Decemhr j2, 1756.
Gentlemen,
I am informed that " Winterhotham's Hillnrical, '
Geographical, and Philosophical View of the United
States of America," firft pubiilhed in England, has
been rep, inted in this country
It is apparent to every intelligent reider, an I in
tne Englifli edition it is acknowledged, that the author
I " his availed himfelf of the I "hours and abilities" of
others s and that "he has often no other merit than
what arises from feleftion and a few connecting fen-
If '
tences.
Part of my literary property has-been in this manner
invaded ; and I am advise t 'hat flie KVt'S ofttl'e tJHit
ed States will give me a fufSci.-at remedy against any
person who (hall .reprint, import, publith, fall, or
expose to sale, any part of the shove work, which
may comp ehend any confiderahle portion of my pub
lications.
As it is probable that some sopies of the above
work mav be trsufmitted to you for sale, T have
thought it friendly and proper to apprize you of my
intention to apply Ui# prSvifi»ns of the law upon this
fubjeifl to my rtlief, if it fliould become neceftiry-
I am, Gen:lernen,
Your humb'e servant,
JEREMY ISELKNAP.
To the Hookfellefs of the United )
Staus of North-America. J
Yeflerday the Senate of this Commonwealth waited
on the Prrfident of the United States and
presented to him the following address :
To GEORGE WASHINGTON,
Pxbsidiht of the United Status.
SIR,
YOU R late address to the pesple of the United
States, whillt it awakens every sentiment of grati
tude, deeply affects our feelings with regret.
The friendly c«unfel you have offered, to your
fellow citizens, to induce them to adhere ftedfaltly
to their present union repress the spirit of par
ty : to cherilh religion, knowledge, and public
credit ; and to maintain a dispassionate and impar
tial, though amicable disposition tawards foreign .
nations, meets with our warmed approbation. In
your forcible expolition -ef the dangers which will |
result to their freedom, fafety and prosperity, from '
3 dereliaion of those falutsiy maxims, we recog
nize thatjuft discernment of the real interest as our |
countty, and that firm adhetence to the principles
of true patriotilm, which have always diftinguilhed
your public conduct. Your fellow-citizens, fe*
i lible that with your measures their dearelt interefU
were intimately conneaed, have regarded them with
anxious attention ; t.h«y have beheld you, under
the aufpioes »f divine providencc, leading their ar
mies to viaory, and guiding their councils to prof
-1 peritv and peace ; nor has the closest examination
of yourcondua produced any other effea, than to
flrengthen their reliance on your wisdom and
1 virtue.
The various testimonials of attachment, whicis
■ you have received from the people of the United
States, mult have fully convinced you, that those
affeaionate fenfation6 towards them, whifch are so
feelingly exprefled in your address, are reciprocated
by correspondent femimems on their part. The
, figna! inflance of steady approbation, with which
they have supported your administration, and the
- ftiirCefs which lias attended it, have exhibited to the
- ivortd a (Inking proof, that the mod effeaual me
tliod of securing the confidence, and accompli(hing
f the welfare of an enlightened nation, is,- to pur
• iue, with undeviating frrmnefs,a policy founded on
r the purest integrity.
The fatisf#aien ve have derived from your fa
il lutary communications, is greatly allove Iby the
Intorrhation which has accompanied them, that we
ire (*o soon to lie deprived of those faithful fervi.-es
fjom which such important benefits have resulted to
this in cemmoa with the othef flutes. We are, at
the fame time, compe'".*d to a {Tent to the ju ll ice of
your claim :o that repose in the evening of your
days, which nas been so long facrificed to the voice
and intereflj of your country.
You will carry with you into retirement, the so
lid enjeiymfnt ariGng from the applause of your
grateful country, and the canfciouf.iefs of a life da
voted to virtue and public utility. In addition to
these faurces of happiness, may you long enjoy the
bielflnga of health 5 mav you largely partake of
that national felitfity,.to the establishment of which
you have so eminently contributed ; and may your
successors in office, be influenced by yoar example,
in their efforts to promste the peace, fafety, and
dignity of the United States. *
Signed by Order,
ROBERT HARE, -
Spcaksr of the Senate of the Commonwealth of
Pennfylvaivia.
To which the President returned the following anfvjer.
To the Senate of Peunstlfahu.
Gentlemen,
I RECEIVE with great pleasure the expressi
on» of your approbation of ray public ferrices. The
general mirks of fatisfa&ion, and the various tefli
monies of feleft and difceraing bodies of men a
mong my fellow citizens, refpe&ing my public
coftduft, while they have ftimslatsd my exertions to
b« ufeful to my country, the sole object «f all my
aiMs and withes, have also enforced the juftncls of
your remark, " that the nvift effectual method of
fecuringtha confidence, an 4 accomplilhing the wel
fare of an enlightened nation, is ta pursue with »n
---deviating firmneft, a policy founded in pure inte
grity.'' And I (hall be patdoned when 1 add, that
conscious integrity has been my unhealing support,
and while it gave me confidence in the m?afures I
purfaed, the belief of it, by acquiring to me the
confidenae of my fellow citizens, ensured thefu:-
cess Which they have had. This consciousness will
accompany me in my retirement : Without it,
public applauses could be viewed only as proofs of
public error, and felt as the upbraiding of petfonal
(dement. In this retirement, to behold the nation
al felicity will be largely to partake in it; and if
with this felicity I enjay health, which you kindly
wish me, my hopes in this world will be oonfum
mated.
(Signed) Go. WASHINGTON.
For the Gazette of the United States.
Mr. Ffnno,
It is proposed to fubrait a fe.v observations on
thequeltioii " WheAer a citizen has a right to
dived himfelfof his allegiance, without thecosfent
of the society of which he is a member," —as ap
plicable to the cafe of captain Barney, who is fai l
to be a&ing under a commiflioH to capture tne
property of citizens of the United States.
To acquit captain Bumy, or a.ny nther Ameri
can citizen, in his it will be tiectffary to
proyc, either that the tight to expatriate, is a
natural right, which man cannot be deprived of, on
entering into fo;icty ; or if nut a natural right,
one ftipuhted for in the facial c«mpa<£\, into which
' he entered, or permitted by fume «& of his affoci
atis.
Is it a na'tiral ? We shall not apply to
books for a solution of this problem. There is
hitjher authority nearer at hand. We conceive that
Americans, who havu had a frae intercourse with
thj savage tribes, and a pretty correct knowledge i
<*f ihe principles which govern them, are better able
to determine, what are maa's right* in a Jiate of
nature, than either H tSbes or PufFendorf. What
do wu learn.from their experience ? That the mem
bers of tribes are attached each to his par
ticular tribe—knd that no inflanees are known of
a savage leaving his afTociates, and connefUng him
felf voluntarily With a different tribe to fight against
his original tribe or nation This fact, therefore,
may be conftdered r.s a eonclufive, though negative
proof ; that it does not belong to man, as an in
herent right, to divert himfelfof his allegiance, or
desert his tribe and turn his arms againll thofs with
whom he was an original afTociate.
Is it then under the conflitution ot laws of the
United States* that her citizens acquire the right
to abandon and plunder theii afTociates ? No
Neither the conflitution nor laws favor or fofler any
such principle. On the contrary, the afTociates to
the constitution, bind themselves " to a mart perfect
union," which cannot mean a right to desert each
other, and thus diflblve tha union—" to ejlablifk
juflice," which cannot meas a right to turn pirates
'—" to insure domejlic tranquility," which cannot
j mean a right to diflurb it—" to provide for the
I common defence," which cannot mean a right te
weaken it— 44 to promote the general welfare," which
I cannot mean a right to deltroy it—apd " tofecure
I the klejftngs of liberty to themfehetand their fioflerity,"
, which cannot mean, to secure them to the people
of France and their pufterity.
Such are the objedts and purposes, as exprefTed
in cheir conflitution, for which the citizens of the
United States have afTociated. They havefolemnly
bound themselves to abide by this expression of
their will, and they have not yet altered these par
ticulars by any fubfequei.t inflrument. As to the
laws, these emanate from the coitllitution, and mult
be subservient to it—they cannot contravene its
obje£ts, or authorise what is to destroy
the compact itfelf. For, if captain Barney miy
lawfully make a piize ot the property of 'he citi
zens of the United States, under colour of a
French commiffioi), and an oath of allegiance to the
republic of France, every other American citizen
may a A in the fame manner towards their afTociates,
which amounts to a breaking up of the society.
1 But does not this interpretation of the compad
" trench upon man's natural liberty and independ
; ence ? Mait does not derive from nature a right to
violate engagements, into which he has freely en-
I tered ; nor a right to prey tipon his affociatas,
- whose welfare he it pledged to promote ; nor has
i nature given to man faculties and powers, that car
render him independent of others, er enable hiir
- to live without society.
t If man may at all fever himfelf t-emthafe with
c whom he is ail original affoctf tes,afid ci.terinto ob
&
II orations with a fereign nation; the new obliga
tions can be no farther binding on him, thim as
permitted by his ass.i iates, or as they do not clalh
with anterior and primary obligations.
On this ground a, government may naturalize
the fubje&s or citieens of other governments—but
.cannot exa& from them ftrviees, repugnant to their
original obligations, unless they have been released
from these, by some adl of their aflociates.
These opinions are net new—hey are but a tran
fciipt of the general sense of mankind touching
this queflion, in all ages of the world.
I shall only add ta these (hart remarks, an ex»
tract of an ordinance of France on the fame fnbjeil
—with a commentary thereon by Valin.
ORDINANCE.
Article 111. " We prohibit all our fuhje&s,
from taking commijjiens, from any foreign king,
prince or state, ta equip vefTels of war and cruiae
under their flag, unless by our pcrm'ijion, under pain
of being treated as pirates."
COMMENTARY.
"To these general and indefinite propoGtions,
there is no exception. They extend to commiflions
taken from powers friendly or allied, neutral or fuf
pefted. They relate also at well to a time of peace
as war.
" The reason for so general a prohibition is, be
eaufe it amounts to a fpeciesof deftrtion, combined
with on engagement to serve a foreign sovereign.
That of imploring his protection to cruize under
his flag, in preference to the prote&ion and flag
of their own favereign.
" The alliance of the sovereign with the prince
from whom the commission may be taken, cannot
ferre as an excuse, because though "an ally, he i*
not less a foreign power. Besides, if tl\ecomniif
fion of the foreign prince, is to a& again# the paw
er with whom he intends to remain neutral, it would
be giving him just grounds of complaint—which
might finally be the cause of a rupture.
" It is therefore evident, that fsch' commiflisnt
cannot be taken nvithiut the permtjjton of the fove
*eign : and that a contravention meiits the puuilh
ment due to pirates—as decided the,4th article of
the declaration of the Ift February 1650 —the ar
ret of'con ncil of the 26th Augull of the fame
year—and that of the 31(1 O&ober 1662.
" This fame declaration, besides the words all our
fuljeSs, adds domiciliated or not domiciliated in our
kingdom, or the countries under our dominion,
which addition is to be underftjod of the above ar
ticle—bccaufe Frenchmen having fettled in a fo
reign country, are not less Frenchmen and fnhject*
—at least they remain to far fubjcQi that if they
take up aims againll, the king or a3 againfl the
French vtffels—-they deserve death as rebels to their
king and traitors to their country."
LOCCENIUS.
By this day's Mail.
BOSTON, January 6.
By an arrival at M irblehead, which left Rotter,
dam November 14, It is f*id,news is received, {hat
she French haverejefted the tarms of peace, which
the British plenipotentiary, lord Malmelbury, w-t»
authorised to offer.
The fchooorr Phenix, arrived at Marblehead
from Holland, brought French and Dutch paper*
of a late date.
By the arrival at New-London, letters have been
received as late as November 30.
Tuesday, J*n. 3.
Arrived (hip Financier, Parsons, Oporto,. 54
days Left there, bitg Rebecca, Bruce, of New-
York, likely to be condemned, as unfit for sea.
Dee. 11, lat. 36, 42, long. 6t, ao, spoke sloop
Gardner, 30 daya from Martinique far New
bury. Dec. 6, lat. 40, 56, long-. 58, spoke brig-
Mary, Ward, 6 days from New-York for Amster
dam.
The brig Eliza, was spoke with Dec. 12, lat.
41, bound to Philadelphia, had fprunk her fare,
mail.
On the i6th ultimo, the following velTels failed from,
the port of Sath in the Diftriil of Maine. It is a good
proof of the astonishingly increased importance of the
eastern part of this State.
Ships Nancy, Lord, for Liverpool; Curls, Hol
brook, for Trinidad; Mercury, Farnarn for Demera
raSchs. Polly, Martin, for Demerara ; Hannibal, Pat
terfon, for do, and Guardian, Redman, tor do.
NEW-YORK, January ti.
Captain Terry, of the brig Commerce, from
Jacquemel, informs, that previous to his failing,
it was reported there, that the schooner Romp,
Oliver Peck, matter, belonging to Isaac. Riley,'
t was captufed off the harbour of Jacquemel, by •
British frigate, and fuppoled to have beeu sent to
Jamaica ; and that the captain, aad Mr. Paul
I Richard Randall, supercargo on board, were put
c in irons, and sent to Male St. Nicholas.
■ , War between England and Spain, was declared
at New-Orleans, on the 17th December.
Schooner Active, Wilcox, from New-Orleans,
j failed December} left there,
c Ship Two Friends, Billings, to fail for the Ha
vanna in 7 days.
Brig L'ttle George, Holden, to fail for New
. York in 10 or 15 days.
e r "
1 Pantheon,
8 AND RIGKETTS's AMPHITHEATRE.
Y Corner of Chefnut and Sixth-street*
Y For and Stags Performances*
Tl-lVfomzit Evening, Saturday 'January 14,
Will be prafented a variety of Entertainments, as will
be eipreffed in the bills of the day.
n The whole t« uoncludc With, for the firft time, a new
comnc Pantomime (Under the diredti#n of \tt. Jo mss,)
Called
a The Magic Feast.
j. ——
0 For Sale,
]' Two Convenient BRICK HOUSES,
S, *
as Three (lories high, 16 feet front, and 40 feet de.-p
, n each, and adjoining; situated on the east fide of Front,
m between Race and Vwe-ftreets ; Nos. 161 and 163.
They will he fold on very reafanablc terms, either
separately or together. Apply to
JOHN MILLER, jun. A CO.
b_ January 13 - a**"