Philadelphia,
FRIDAY EVENING, Aucu.t 19.
A Brew.house and a Distillery ace now ere&ing
at Ptttfburgh, on the fcite of the Old Fort du
Quefner
USEFUL AGRICULTURAL HINT.
From a Liverpool paper.
The not permitting sheep to lay long upon the
ground, when firft put to turnips, but to move
them about at stated intervals in the day and ni/ht,
has been found to preveßt that fatal disorder called
ti\e water in sheep, which arises from their gorging
tl.emfelves with turnips, and then temaining with
out exercise to carry off the beginning of the com
plaint. This method is fuccefsfully pra&ifed in
Northumberland, at the small expence of a little
trouble to the shepherd.
In the little work of Dr. Carmicbael Smith, con
taining experiments made with nitrous acid, to
check the infeflion of a fever on board the Union
Hospital-Ship ; it appears that the noxious effluvia,
generating fever, may be so entirely deftroyea,j by
the simple process of extricating it in the form of
vapour» in an affe£led apartment, as to render it
perfe&ly Yafe to the attendants, and others necef
fatily employed about'he perfonsof the sick. When
twenty or'thirty fever patients were carried daily to
the hospital, from on board the Ruffian (hips, by !
this simple means, not only the further esUenfion
of fever was checked, bat the generation of the 1
morbid matter was so much ftibdued, that only a J
Few cases of fevei occurred during the space of seve
ral months, and then on the vapour bring extrica
ted in the apartment once a day, instead of twice, f
which had been found neceTary during the height j
of tbedifeafe. , (
—————■""■nHHBSn*""
PROGRESS OF SCIENCE* \
HALIFAX, (N. € ) Aupift r. — r
We are informed that the semi annual examina- [
tion commenced at the Univirfity on Monday the 1
I ith of July, in the presence of his Excellency the J
Governor, President of the board, a confidcra'ole c
number of the Truftees,and the Committee of Vi- J
fitation ; thebufinefs was not finifhed until Friday n
the 15th, when the judgment of the Committee
refpefting the examination was publicly pronoun- f
ced in the presence of all the Students and the Fa- u
culty of the University 4 several clafles and feme of j
the Students received the marked approbation and r
applause of the board and Committee.
It was said with great truth by the French Con- f
vention " that as in every free Government, the f
law emanates from, the people, it is necessary that
the people should receive an education to enable
• . the law, and the political part of this
education ItKiuntrDe pr ; nc i p l es 0 f
the Constitution under which they ] an
of education efiablifhed by the board of Truftefs 3
appears to be predicated upon this principle, and
designed to form ufeful and refpe&able members of
society—citizens capable of comprehending, im
proving and defending the principles-os our govern
ments ; citizens, who from the highest impulse, a J
just sense of their own au<j the general happiness, r
would be indnced to praflif? the duties of T6cfal v
morality. A deep and fixed conviflion that it is j
degrading to be tributary to other dates or coun- (
tries for ou'r literary and p-rblic chara&ers, a general
and strong desire to promote education and exalt &
improve our national chara£ter, have given a tone
to the public sentiment, and bestowed a decree of 1
emulation upon individuals from which the mod r
happy tffe£is may be expe&ed.—Near one hup- l
drcd of the youth of our country are now Students h
at this National InFiitution, and we are authorized si
to assure the public, that the examination was high- si
ly fatisfa&ety to the Traftees, and that the pro- o
grefsof many of the yqung gentlemen was not on- v
"ly marked by the strongest evidences of industry a
and attention, but accompanied by a display of the I
molt prcmifing talents. it
(£/■ The rooms in the University are full, but d
boarders will be taken by refpeftable families in the tl
village. ei
From Sir B. Thcmpfon, in the Philosophical Tranf- 5
•actions for 1794.
" THE light of an Argand's lamp is to that of
• a lamp of the common coi;.ftruftion, with a ribband
wick, as 187 to ico, and the quantity of ligh
with a given quantity of oil in these two lamps is 1
about 15 per cent. The light of the lamp when
compared with that of a wax candle three fourths
of an inch in diameter, was as j to 12. In the f
produSion of light, 100 paits of bees' wax are
fqual to IOT of tallow, 129 of olive oil, 12 Jof cr
rape oil, and I2oot linseed oil A candle burnt
twice at fajl when not fnuffed. It is not true that, ar
in the latter circumftanee, it givei less light ; but
a black opaque body, in the midst of the flame,
eclipses * grea't part of the light. Besides when
a candle is fnuffed, the inflamed tallow evaporates
from a much smaller fur face, than when it is not m
. fnuffed, and as the flame is hollow, less tallow mult ; t
be burnt. The whole merit of Aigand's lamp de- nc
pends on its being a ntb lid, rather than a cone of
' flame, and even the middle part of the ribbon is
hollow. The transparency of the flame con
• jquence of its being hollow. A good candle oc
lafionally fnuffed, when it seemed to need it, vari- w
cd in irs light from 100 to 60. An ordinary can- j
cHe in 29 minutes varied fiom 100 10 16. w j
.mi il 1 1 11 m 1111 l le
' From late Englijh papers.
CAMBRIDGE, May 14. R,
We should have thought it impofhble for any A
khcrr.e to have entered into the brains of a bed- m«
larcite more frantic than some of those pursued by mj
our ministers. But the apellate Fiizwilliam his G<
roved us mistaken. li* the House of Lords on
Ttiefday last, his Lordship declared ir. strong lan- wi
. " that he was against any fort of peace be- the
iig concluded with France, and that he'was decid- tri;
1 1v for the helium internecinum"—that is, the war thi
lolute extermination ! Happy is it for man- vai
kind, that the noble idiot has not the means of put- bly
his wishes in execution.
60 Saturday lafl, his Serene Highneis Prince
™ William of Gloucefler, wj:h his aidt-de-camp and
suite, arrived at Trinity Lodge, for the purpose
of taking his degree of Do&oi of Laws in this
university; and on Mondav he was admitted to the
j® said degree in full Senate, being presented by the
Ull Rev. W. L. Manfel, the public orator, wha deli -
vcied in his ufhal graceful and impreflive manner,
an elegant Latin oration, but which we ate sorry
to fay, was full of fulfo«t« compliment, not only
j,,. to the prince, but to some of the prominent vices
)ve of the times. The orator's zeal was warm " loh
ylt tra^Aemocratici!"
j cc j It is supposed there were between two and three
n g thousand per funs aflembled on the occasion j'-and
Ij. the ceremony was conducted, with much elegance
m- a'"l dignity.
j n His Serene Highness is now in the 21ft year of
t j e his age, and his manners are affable and plealing.
In theCouit of King's Bench on Friday, an ac
tion was brought by James v. Wright on a note of
in . hand for 1 il. When this note was put in and pro
, ved, Mr. Mingav, for the defendant observed, that
on James was a pnblican, and lived nearCarnaby mar
|a ket ; that the defendant was formerly a butcher, but
' now liad also become a publican, so that both par
0Y ties were publicans ; and he was afraid before this
j t cause was Over, it would appear that they wete
,j- both likewise Sinners.
. It appeared from the evidence that the plaintiff
t0 and defendant fat down in the plaintiff's Houfc to
play at whist on a Sunday morning ; and that the
t ' n defendant loft 121. for which he gave him the note
e in qucftion, payable in 18 months. It wa» alfu 1
a proved, that the plaintiff had afterwards offered to 1
e _ lell this note to a third person for 2gs. Lord Ke
a. nyon, in his summing up to the Jury, cxpreffed <
c great indignation at this business, and lamented that i
lt gaming had so deeply pervaded the whole mass of <
the public. Said his Lordship, "it is extremely '
to be lamented, that this vice has descended to the 1
very lowest orders of the people.'—lt is to be la- t
mented that it is so prevalent amongst the highest f
of" foefftj jr wliv» U.ivt L—x \l-.o jq '
l " inferiors, and who it seems are too great for the 1 1
ie law. I wifli they could be panifhed. If any pro- '
e fecutions are fairly brought before me, and the parties ■ c
e are juflly conviclecl, whatever may be their rank or I
'• flatten in the country, though they should be I
V THE FIRST LADIES IN THE LAND, they shall CCr
e tainly exhibit themselves in the pillory. When I
speak of the highest classes of society, I mult be (
'- understood to mean fubjeHs, for these observations a
do in no refpedfc apply to those of the very highest t
d rank in this country, who hold out for the imitati- 1
on of their fubje&s the brigHtest example of every f
'- public as we'll as private virtue !"—Verdift for de- I
e fendant. i
it
Tranjlated for the Gazette of the United States.
13 HAGUE, May 3. f
The hotel called de alte Hof, destined for the c
accommodation of the Hereditary Prince, is grant- <!
«-? by government to the Ambaflador of the French e
Republic. a
FRANtTORT, May 3. a
Strafburg papers mention, <hat a (hort time ago x '
'* printed invitations to desert tothi^ m y Q f Condc, P
a were diftribated among the republican \roopß ; the '
result of which was, that the ,' n
? which a 24 sous piece was wrapped up, were torn h
13 in pieces, and the money turned into the chest of t
the army.
DUMOURIER. t
From the Gazette of Erlonegen, April It.
e Letters from Copenhagen mention—" On the t
>f 12th «f Odlober, last year, a small sized man ar- c
ft rived here, who announced himfelf for a French ,
1- American, and soon after departed in an American
:s bottom for America. Afterwards we were in- „
d formed, that it was the famous Dumourier, who t ]
1- finally despaired of re establishing the Constitution „
i- of 1791. He was here not attended by any fer- r ,
1- vants, but received frequent visits from a lady, who
y also took a passage with him for America. When t j
e Dumourier got apprized that the French deputies, t ]
imprisoned by the Austrian monarch, were tp be |,
t delivered to the French, he appeared to be sensible [,
e that there remained no hopes for him any more to
emerge in Europe."
The following is a continuation of the interesting tl
Intell'igemce contained in the Paris papers to the ni
j -2 2d of June, brought by the brig Ruby, Cap t\
Lloyd Jones, in 48 days from Bourdeaux, and u
t tranUated for tbe American Daily Adyertifer. 'C 3
C€
1 Extraß of a letter from Munich, June 6. p (
' An extraordinary courier is just arrived here
[ from liifpruek, with dispatches for Gen-WurmFer
[• g' ves the following news, and which has C
created much alarm. re
On the 2d instant the vanguard of the French an
' army was before the town of Trente, from whence fr<
the Prince Bifliop and the principal inhabitants im- th
| mediately took flight. The-fame alarm is spread to
1 the towns of Botzen and Brixen. ha
The result of the news is, that the French ar- Ci
m yr which has treated with nearly all the states of ve
Italy, and which dilated conditions of peace that
. none of them had the power to reftffe, is about to th
rect all its operations against the hereditary states Bt
of tin: House of Austria, and that a route is to be las
opened in Iftria and Tirol.
In the consternation caused by general terror, en
we know nothing positively of the arwiy of Beaa-' thi
lieu ; it is said .that he is encaujped at Campera crt
where he expe£h the tardy reinforcements which lea
he was promrfed from Vienna. ; nt
Letters inform us here, that the Empress of wi
Kuliia has guaranteed GalKcia to the House of -
Aullria, and thst Gen. Harnoncourt, who com
mands an army there, has been ordered on his da!
march, to join, as foot) as possible, the army of inv
ueneral Beaulieu. ;
It appear, decided that the Arch Duke Charles of
vy.ll follow the plans of the Marshal Clairfayt i„ ma
the present campaign ; and it is laid that the Auf. cot
triijn forces being much more considerable than
they were lalt year, the consequences mull be ad
bly'relaxed reP ° rtS ° f « ollfideia - J"'
DUSSELDORF, June 12. agi
e the ualon of the graud French army wi,h vcr
md that of Geneial JCichir-, it has procc'-dn! by forced
ofe marches; a part of the army under Gen. Wirtem
his berg, and his head quarter*, have beeti taken by
the the French ; the principal treasure of the Imperial
the army at Wifbaden, and all the magazines between
eli- tlifc Lahn and the Main, fufficient to maintain the
ler, irpublieah army for a month, have alio fallen into
rry their hands.
nly Generals Bernadotte and Cbampionnet have
ces blockaded Mayence on the two banks ot (he
on- Rhine, and General Lefebre is before Frankfort.
The Imperial army has pafled the Mein in great
ree halte. Gen. Marceauhas carried a new vidlory on
md the Glan, by forcing an intrenched camp which
nee the Aultrians had cftablifhed there.
On the 91b, General Morcau, having had iufor
of mation that the anny of Gt*n. Wurmfer, polled in
t. the mountains of Nieufladt, were making move
ac- ments to fall back towards Martnheim, and judging
of by thaiUlvat he could not support his polition, he
ro made an attack upon him in front and rear, with
ist the principal forces of the armies of the Riiine
ar- and Molelle. The issue of the coirbat is not yet
>ut known.
ar- FLORENCE, May 28.
his Citizen Miot, minister plenipotentiary of the
;ie French republic at our Court, departed on Monday
lad for Milan.
tiff We learn from Leghorn, that Adm. Jarvis con
to tinues to cruize off Toulon. He has sent some of :
he his ftips to Corsica to water.
>te The French minister at Genoa has pub'ifhed an
Iso adveitifement addreflfll to Frenchmen residing in
to the Batespf that republic, to the following effe<3 : 1
x- " The Executive Diredlory l»is fixed the prin- '
"ed ciples which ought to be attended to by Frenchmen 1
iat in foreign.countries. France, being a republic, I
of can acknowledge only those Frenchmen for citizens 1
■ly who accept of that form of government ; all others 1
he will be considered as proscribed. It is essential <
a- thai the republic of France ftiould bu assured of the
;ft fidelity of those of its citizens who are momentarily '
•ir lemoved from her territory, and who are allowed to *
iT' return at Oltrr pleasure.- The tn->,uU..wJ-covW e '
0• is the sign of this fidelity, and the wearing of it f
es cannot be dispensed with in any place whatever.—
or I declate therefore that 1 (hall 'acknowledge no •
ie Frenchman who bears not conitantly this cockade." £
r- BOLOGNA, May 25. t
I On Saturday lad, D. Azara, minister of his a
ae Catholic Majesty at Seig, arrived here from Rome, I
ns accompanied by the able Evangelist, firft officer of >
:ft the Secretary of State. The day before yesterday '
:i- he continued his route for Parma. It is said that I
ry he sent a courier from this place to the camp of the ]
e- French general, fixing Milan as the place for open- i
ing negociations relative to peace. t
RENNES, June 10. t
" General Hoche, who arrived here on the 20th T
from Laval, and yesterday set out for Vannes, has
lc charged me to inform you, that the Chooans of the
t . department of Mayence have followed the good
example of those of the departments of Maine 0
and Loire and Loire inferior, in giving up their a
arms, and in submitting themselves to the laws of I
o th* Republic. Nearly 2000 fy/ils have been de- J
Cf polited at Laval, and the disarming continues with
ie iuccefs
" The bande of ihe dtfwrtK.ntj fTf-ffie-arrtMrrt? "t
rn lame to surrender themselves, especially in b
3 f the diitrift of Baine ; the chiefs of those of the
diftrift of Rhedon amount nearly to 900 men, so f
that the armed and unarmed fpea'k of submitting. si
" The chiefs of the divifipn of Morbihan wished a
to have a conference on the 24th inft. with generals 3
r " Quintin and Mermet. General Hoche
h the molt happy success from ir. The design of a,
"> his journey to Vaunes, is to Xmooth the obllacles z
which may oppose themselves to the*furrender of ei
0 the Chouans of this department, or to puifue them
,n with greater fprrit than ever, if they persist in their c<
r " rebellion.
0 " All the operations of Gen. Hoche; the con- :1
n tinual marches of his columns, always diredted to
'» the points where it is the moll important to strike • n<
'I us P ri, dence in the combination of his plans, and m
his firmnefs 111 their execution, cause him to £uc
-0 ceed ;n his com-miffion beyond all hope. th
bctoofoon to hear of the submission
ot all the Chouans, who have so long desolated oc
? these unhappy countries ? perhaps the moment so d<
r much Wl(hed for is not far distant. The tranquili
■ ty_ enjoyed by the inhabitants of ihefe dep,rime, its G
4 which have already depofitsd their arms, very effi. of
cacioully seconds the efforts which General Hochc
ceafci not to employ to accomplish this great pur
pose. (Signed) «T. Hsoou villi." w!
e PARIS, June iS. ha
, Wi- learn from Cherbourg that the privateer Sans to
s C_u.otte, went out of that port on the 17th and
returned on the i 9 th Prairial, with the Enterprize M
1 an Enghfli cutter and a Jersey packet boat coming
: from Southampton, richly laden with plate and o
ther valuables.
. The Minister of the Marine and of the Colohies
have just learned from Rochefort, that on the ioih
• (.apt Barney, of the'Vengeur, brought in cl,Ven
F vends taken from the English.
: ii. °A,l he 'r r d J l7th were br «'Kht into Rocbelle
' r C » , uc f, " a " d the E,uamiia Queen, of
; Briflol ; the firft laden with hides and rallies : the
lalt with wheat.
It appears that whilst the Auflrians aredeftroved
en maje, the Euglifh commerce fuffers ia detail • for
there scarcely passes a day in which Republican
cruisers do not bring in some of their vessels We Be
learn t° day officially that there has been brought tor
Bo "' og " c ,wo —f™- <** ?»
- OFFICIAL. flj
Buonaparte has written to theDiredory, under bly
SeVed h' 20 ranal (JU " eB) that Mantua is a,lc
alreidv 7 V°u P V gCneral Serrurier "
afreadj master of the Faubourg of St. George and
; ; T ' le Aultrians op,
10 before our troops in the Palatinate, rep
June 22. ,
Tunc 'IT C ° Un< i il °. f Fivc Hundred, on the 9 th of /T,
June, Rouyer, , n the name of the Infpe&ir.f com- ed'i
agiutio" 6 '•'? : TliC faafons ceafc n °t their eafi
vererf , V r ", g 3 movemeilt h » 3 been disco- ]
J • -r,d it B-ould have been carried into efteift moi
ced but for the vigorous measures taken y tl 4e general
em in chief, who has marched his troopsinto the city
bv amongll the fecit!iaus. If the malcaHnts redou
;n'a! ble their efforts, lean assure you gwerument re
•eeri doubles its activity ; it is sure to delroy the sac.
the tions. A report which was sent to onr commif.
into lion, hy the Minister of Police, 'informed them of
the place of meeting ; twenty five brands, difgm.
,ave fed as Representatives of the People, mdeavoured
ihe to excite the inhabitants of the Fauxboirgs t0 r< ,
on. volt; their rallying cry was, To arms, ~ t ii^ enj ~0
i eat the members of the directory, to the the coun
on cil; down with these -villains !" This nwn'®, tl "*
lich commissaries of the feftions were sent to tic p\ ce .
but I repeat to the Council, that,the gmer nmetlt '
for- have taken allneceffary ileps hud if any mcvc TOe , lt
lin be attempted, the factions will be cruthed."
ive On the 2ttfof June, in the fame Council," » n tht
ing proposition of d'Efchafferiaux, the followim refa
he !«tions wera come to.
'itb I. There shall be given to the difpofm'on if the
ine Minifler of the Interior the sum of four trilliois to
yet serve as an encouragement to national manufaaires
principally to those of wool, lilk and cstton. *
2. One million of this sum to be made in W
the mediate advances to the manufaaurers of Lyois
Jay who (hall ttand in need <?f it to re-eftabliih their mi-'' s
nufaftures.
an- 3- Tha reft of the four millions to be employed
of for the encouragement of manufa&nrea of the pro
ductions of the foil.
an MADRID, May I.
in Tfiere ate arrived in the Andaloufie, sear fifty
a ; thousand men, a part of which seemed dellined to
in- reinforce the camp of St. Rocli, and perhaps it i,
,en said, to lay siege to Gibraltar, and the reft to em
it, bark either on board thefquadron.of admiral Solano
;ns ready to set fail for the Havannah, or on board 12
"rs vessels of the line which are arming in the Port of
ial Cadiz.
he We hear from Cadiz that there isarrived there the
ily St. Gabriel from the Eaft-lndies, and several other
to vessels richly laden with piastres. One of the con
vt,jr»-wppeiTS'a
it fix French vessels of the line, and four frigates —
_ The commandant of this divifon offered to the Spa.
no nifU vessels every succour in their power. This
good undemanding between the two nations, and
the preparations which are making for war in Spain
lis appear to have wrought a notable change in the dif
ie, Jjofrtions of the British cabinet. The Englilh pri
of vateers have contrary to the faith of treaties, taken
ay Spanish vessels, uot only on the shores iff Europe,
,at but on those of America ; but, for some time the'
he British Admiralty made rellitution for molt of these
n- vessels, so that England begins to find out that her
true interest connfls not in leaguing all the mari
time powers againll her despotism.
as BOSTON, Augufti2«
he IMPORTANT!
>d The following Resolution of the Lefhtive Body
ne of Franee. upon the sale of Maritime Prizes, was
:ir adopted on the Bth Floreal, May 27 afier Marboit't
of Report which was published in the Centinel of
e- July 20. - [Chronicle.!
ih —
. - .appeals from the decves of the
il- boards of trade (half be carried before tile civil tri
in bunals of the fame depar;hi«nt.
re Art. 2. ihe Consuls of the republic in the fj
(o reign ports, into which French prizes may be bra't
g. shall cause their chancellors to fulfil the formalities
;d attributed to the jufticcs of peace, by the law of the
Is 3d Brumaire.
; d Art. 3d. The Consuls and Vice-Confujs shall
if afterwards pronounce upon the validity of the pri
es zes, and they faall fulfil in that refpedt the duties
jf entl ulled to the boards of tra*de.
m Art. 4. The appeals from the decisions of the
ir consuls and vice-coiifuls, fliall be brought as those
from the boards of tradfe, before the tribunals di
1- the department, viz.
o from the Consuls eflablifhed on the Mediterra
; nean, before the tribunal of the department of the
d moutheof the Rhone.
From those eflablifhed on the north seas, before
the tribunal of the department of the North,
n I'rom those eflablifhed in the other portsofthe
d ocean, and in AMERICA, to the tribunal of the
0 department of inferior Loiie.
And from those eflablifhed beyond the Cape of
s Goud hope, before the ttibunal of the department
I- of Morbihan.
c
A Dutch Fleet of four 74's and four frigates,
was spoken March 9, in lat. 30, long. 14. They
had taken 23 English vessels. They were bound
s to Mauritius and Batavia. '
J ' '
e [While we are rj'miring with the warmest fatisfac
j tion every struggle which is made in asserting
and supporting the " Rights of Man," and
while we bitterly detest every despotic attempt
to keep these rights from our view, or abridge
1 them, we should recollect that NATIONAL
1 RIGHTS AND SOVEREIGNTY, are ai
inherent, lraprefcriptable and important, as ia»
: dividual. And with the fame sentiments that
f we view the exercise of despotism or infringe
ments upon the one, should we feel the like a
bufts on the other. J Bojlon Mer.
Lausanne, April 18.
■ Extra 3of a letter.
The firm and dignified answer of the Canton of
Berne, to the insulting note of the French Direc
tory, has inftjfed a spirit of unanimity i»
mind, and a spirit of vigor into every heart. There
is not a Swiss who does not swear to repel, and
flatter himfelf with the hope of revenging, agreea
bly to the invitation of the inhabitants of Bade,
and even of puni/hing, the aggression with, which
we are threatened by the French Republic.
It is impossible 10 form a just idea of all the mi
serable tricks which the Dire&Ory have played
upon the neighbouring dates. The ur.fortunate
republic of Geneva, which the French sffefted to
companionate, after the bloody scenes.to which
they had condemned her, is at this moment involv
ed in a dispute, which, whitnfical as it appears, oc
eafions her no inconsiderable alarm.
It appears that the French resident had beea
mortified-by a part of the answer of the Syndics to