i, JA mi »■ njni'm—i j .'m.i i .u-ggrrw.-Bwiw uuu» ussegQ
THE LAY PREACHEiI.
" 1 hefqjhi/in if th'ti wcrtd fijfcth a v.'ay."
As 1 am only a Lay Preacher, it mud not be ex
peCted that I (hould always exhibit that accuracy
of sermonizing, which tharaCterises the fettled paf
\ tor. But having observed in the course of along
and regular attendance on public woriliip, that Di
vines are in the habit of dividing their matter, and
of adjourning sometimes the morning exhortations
till after dinner, 1 thought it expedient, when I se
leCted the fruitful theme of last week' 9 Qieditation,
to reserve pa" of its topics till now. For', during
the proeefs of critically examining my TubjeCt in all
lights, 1 found that fafiiion regulated speculation no
less than practice,and that opiiions, as wII as dreff
tt, had their times and seasons. As we are told by
a profound reafoncr, that ss tjierc is bu: one fun in
the natural, f > there can be but one truth in the in
tellectual world ; sn abdiaCt me*aphyfician, in his
cell, would suppose by this time, that one
truth was discovered, and hence necefTarily induc
ed uniformity of thinking. But this is a mere re
verie of a novice in the history of man. In theo
logy, in the healing art, in politics, in the fine arts,
and in polite literature, in whatever interrd*, in
whatever amuses our fpecirs, perpetual vicissitudes
occur, and what is supposed to be fettled by one par
ty at one time, is unhinged by different theories at
tnother.
In the infancy of the colony "it Plymouth, and
at the creCtion of the Saybrook platform, our emi
grant forefathers, rejected with loathing the fat lux
ury o! Luther, and ilarved themfclves on the mean
fare of Calvin. They were doubtful even of fc-rip
tural truth, if it had ifTued from the Clarendon
press, and could not read the fermoir on the mount
to edifisation, unlrfj imprinted in a bible at Gene
va. Willard's body of divinity was their law and
testimony, and rcpiobate was that sinner who would
adventure 'o read and practice a more gentle and
generous fyflem. But such heavy and clanking
fetters of the mind, were too iikfome to be long
worn patiently hy fretful sceptics; and infant Ca
tholicism in its cradle at'length ventured innovation.
Good works were sometimes afTociated with impli
cit faith, and the piety of our piimitive chridians
was not always horror If ruck at the union. In pro
eefs of time the reign of rigor declined, and now it
may be said the high prerngative of fuperltition has
become as nugatory as kingly power in France.
For, a new dictator in divinity, who knew not Cal
vin, arose, and Chauncy confiderfng brimdone. Kb a
Scotifh or an old wive's fable, pro laimed salvation
to all men, and infilled that a profligate ftiould not
be eternally finked for his fin«» Hume and Boling
broke, with elegance and elaboration, but with the
darkelf fophiilry, aivl Bndangfr, an audacious
Frenchman, in his " Chrilfianiry unveiled,' have
presumptuously attempted tofip the chuMian'sfor
trefs, and now, to represent the son of Mary as a
mere man, and now, as an impostor. These wri
tings have induced flimfy opinions, called, from
their nature, Deiflical, to predominate, and theit
profeffori, far from confnliint; the editions either of
England or Geneva, will inspeCt no bible. Per
haps the accurate reader will pronounce my enu
meration incomplete, unlcfs I notice that second e
dition of Tom Thumb's folio, called, " The Age !
0 of Reason." But as this, in mechanics' phrale
i» but a bungling vamp of obsolete infidelity, writ-; '
ten by a drunken author, rarely quoted, except by j !
th« lowed vulgar, and then in thelifping accents of
intoxication ; I will not condtfcend to an jnalyfis, '
but terminate this head of my difeouife with the '
warmed wilhes, that, in spite of jaring opinions, 1
gospel charity and benevolence may be everludingly
Lfhiouable, and that men will not expeCt a more ex.
cellent mode from the new fanghd loos.is of Paine
and of Paris.
Physic ha» experienced more revolutions than Po- '
land, or even France, since the Capets are no more.
Boerhaave has prescribed at Leydeß, what Brown '
would rejett at Edinburgh. Gout mull be pam- '
pered according to one phyfrcran, and Itarvedby a- '
rother. The small pox, like Sancho Pai za, is j
sometimes blai keted into fubmiUion,and f«>metime»
every wind mud be uivoked to blow the infeCtion
,away. Dr. Cheyn# infills that his patients shall V
quaff a perpetual bowl of milk, while a more jolly '
physician direCts as perpetual and much tudHier
draughts. Le Sage's Sangrado drained eveiy vein, <
and now every vein mud be inflated like a bladder, j"
Cullen departed from B-jerhaave, Brown has rx- f
posed and abjured the hercfy of Cullen, and proba
b!y by this time some European projector, lias %
started a new theory to the uiter destruction of the
old.
A Logician, considering the two fubjeCls as c
-qually variable, would infallibly claf< weather ccicks
and politic* togi-ther. We behold vad esipires
sometimes governed by a solitary woman and pet- 1
ty dates headed by a mob of rulers. Kings, once
ranked with Gods, arc suddenly and capnciouflv C
degraded among felons. Government, as a ncr- f,
vous writer cxprefTes it, is sometimes scandalously t
relaxed, and then violently llretctied beyond its ~
tone. The Corinthian capital of society! babori- i,
oufly ere&ed by ari'.tocraucal artills, 13 proltrated f
by papular fury in an hour. In our own country, c
political modes are perpetually fluctuating. Prior a
to the formation of French fiiendfhip, that people, j
.their religion, and their politics, wete equally de- t
tested. The pope was Antichrilt, the French king f
his high Stewaid, the government of France was f
the archetype of Tuikifli defpotiim, and the nation
viewed as a motley collection of coxcombs and
. {laves. Mark the indant operation of a fi.igle de- <j
feat on the whole political sense of America ! A c
c»ptu."«d Burgoytie could met?moiph.)fe an arbitra p
ry Lewis into the friend, the patron of republicans, p
But the love towards Lewis soon waxed cold, and «
J{arat has bis proselytes here ag well as at Paris- t
; Very suddenly have mod of our political sash- c
i'-ns pail away. Britain has been called a mother, n
i bag, a fiP.er, ot a fiend. Our rulers are perpet- a
jjally wrangling conctrriing the garb of government t
Some from Geneva or Virginia, affed the broad o
ntantle of republicanism which cover* a multitude
if fins. Others prefer French mannf<Cture, aud' d
•iif the Paris cut. A few, perhaps, wish to import ji
'.natetiaib from England, but there ij a good, warm, c
veil made, easy gaiment, made to fit any one, cal- ir
L led which the Liy Preachfr actually
prefers to his canonicals,and pr- jrs may be condair:-
ly worn, and an unchangeable made.
y For tht Gazette or the IJnited States.
i? Mr. FennO,
* IF we do not suppose a certain class of News
paper writers, to be paid, to calumniate the Ptefi
s dent and government of the United States—it will
be difficult to chfcover any other adequate ciufe
' for tfcrir ceafclefn and laboured drains of detraction,
"j The thunder that alarms is not htard every day ;
nor is Etna always difgotgiiig- its deSruCtive lava
on the neighbouring fields : Not so a certain pa- j
per, which js daily in labour with fume portentous i
' monder, and ever vamitting forth -torrents of defa- j
1 mation agsiinft the mo(l spotless characters.
What is to be the ifTue of such inordinate and
everlalling abuse i Is it calculated to invite gooj
men to serve the public, or to throw the manage
ment of our concerns into the hands of the present
-calumniator*. The Athepians it is true—revered
calumny and ereCted a statue to her honor ;do these
' writers or rather their employers cxpeCt, that the
fame causes operating here, will produce the fame
' cffeCti as at Athens ? And is the .Republic of the
United States to be destroyed, in order that they
may dine ?
I According to them, tliye is no fonn Vfs m Go
vernment—all is rotten to the core ! Even the
man whose measures and politics, will draw forth
the praiiesof remoted posterity ; and whose con
duct patriotilm will fcrve as a fliriiulus and
contralt to all fucceedirig pfefidents, is 10 lonrer
fit to be trailed with power ; He it feem6 ought
loriy since, to have retired to the (hade, and yielded
up the tcITcI of (late to fo\ne more fkilful pilot.
According to them, every aft of his admini'tra
tion is a blut upon his character, or a dab to the
constitution. To take advice or allc the opinion of
the principal officers of the executive department} '
in critical or diin ult cases, is a crime ngainlt the j
Constitution, altho' these functionaries are enjoined 1
by tbat.mllrument, to give to the President as of- !
ten as required, evety information relative to their
departments.
What oKjeCts come under the cognizance of these
j departments ; do they not (evcrally and conjointly I
encircle and embrace the whole liiterelts of the
United States ? How then can any thing bear up
on the United States, either fiom abroad or at
hone, which docs not direCtly or indirectly totU'li
upon objects relative to their dpUes ? And who so '
proper to an opinion upon points, that assist
the general intereH of the Union, as men who fee
over their whole extent at one glance, a d who from
their situation ought to pofllfs the molt correCt,
and minute know'ege of whatever in its
hearings or dependencies may advance or ictard
their growth and prosperity ? Are men possessing
such valions information, not to beconfulted ?
According to the fame writers—the virtues
whi h a whole people (even the people of the whole
world) believed to relide in the bosom of Wafh
ingt6n—aie all rxtinit. They afTerr, that having
forfeited all title to candor and honed) —he ought
to be infill ed in News papers and reviled in Legis
lative speeches—they would belideo, wilh it to be
confideitd a Republican duty, to represent the
man, (to whom a whole people are indebted, for a
life of laborious awd important 'fcrviccs] in every
degraded form, which calumny can paint, and to
defer ibe him in daily Philippics, hy every Epithet
which they can steal or borrow—from the vocabu
lary of Billingsgate.
With such men abuse is holy—Calttmny is half—
In furred ion is holy—by such men orgies are held,
and clubs i ilituted, and books written to difleini
nate -the judify the other. /
Tell rrie, ye men of forecaft and reflexion ! Do
these things angur well to the Republic ? Are thry
not fyir ptoms which prognosticate some terrible
disaster in the political world ? Have they not al
ways been the harbingers of the final cataftroohe of
Republics ?
Tell me a'fo, yemen of forecaft and reflection ;
who after Wathingtmr will walte the powers of his
mind, and wear out .1* fpringsof his health, his ca
pacities for the enjoyment of domedic..eafe a»d so
cial happuufs, j,, t b e J' erv ,* ce D f countr y >
Should that country become-indifferent to the ob
loquy he lus fuftairted, and the mild American fuf.
fer a datue to Calumny, to be er«&ed in every
village. 1
MONITOR. .
Mount-Hope, 24th July, 1796.- <
From the Edenton Gazette. [
To the Citizens of the State of North Carolina. j
Whereas there have lately appeared in the State '
Gr.zette, preferments from the grand juries for J
■ everal counties in the diliriit of Edenton, wherein
they present us, the people called Quakers, and OIU r
abettors, " as the authors of the common mifchiVf c
in this quarter which preferments-, though they \
dre.led in the language of ax artful orator, yet
contain, as appears to us, futidry unjull reflections, x
abfurdit.es, and exaggerations : Therefore we think J
it expedient (for the lake of f.me, who, f«r want
oi better information may be led into error, by c
such mifreptefentations) in mecknef, to express our t
lentiments touching the charges thus exhibited a- a
gamti ill. t
Fir'l, they present. » That the country is re- {
uuced to a inuation of great peril and danger, in
confluence of proceedings of the society of the "i
people called On .kcrs—that the idea of emanei i
pat,on among fbve» is publicly held out to them >
and encouraged by th« conduct of the Quakers J S
that the minds of the slaves are not only wrea'tlv c
corrupted and alienated from the fervice'of , heir J
millers, in confluence of said conduct, but run- 1
a ways are protected, harbored and encouraged by a
!>f diicoveiy »" re LOmmi '" ed wi,hout » pofSbility I
If those counties are reduced, as is fa.d, to great 1
danger we arc confcions the cause thereof cannot '
jullly be 1 pap a led to our conduct ref f ,efti„ K eman- 1
c.pation ; for ifan tffed he eviJ, ,h c caufc prod(|c .
mg that cffeCt mutt Lkcvwfe be evil; bu: whai we, a
f as a religious society, hive done therein, we are ful
ly prrfirHtc! proceeded from motives truly good,
and coofn'leot with thr nature and spirit of the gnf.
• pel, which breathes peace on enth, and goad will
t»> men, and is never piodu&ive of corruption, dif
ort'er, or evil, in the cre-.ti®n"; neither doth this
beneficent spirit ever inflignte any man to com
mit a criminal adh as the filing his neighbour's
house. All fucli are works of darkness, and pro
ceed from that spirit who is she a'uthor of confofioh,
' and an adterfary to eqnity, love ind harmony.—
; And we are apprehensive that the emancipation of
the slaves is not inconiiftent wit.li a declaration of
the general Congrcfs, which is in these words .
1 " We hold these rn;tliß to be felf-evident, that all |
men arc created rq:i:t!, that they are endowed by
their creator with certain unalienable riglvs, that
among thef.- are life,liberty,and the putfuit of hap
piuefs, and to secure rights governments aie
inllituted among men," 3cr.
Fuither it is fa:d, " The grand jury are so per
fectly sensible of the infatuated" enthnliafm of the !
Quakers, as to partial and general emancipation, !
that they fee a present alarm among the minds ot
the peoph, and fore fee a profpeit of immediate j
dasger ta impend, by the influence and dc/igning j
attempts of the Quakers to this pilrpofe, tvhicn,un
lef» prevented in due time, mnft'burlt with d-lliuc
tion around the citixens of the Hate." Strange
indeed ! at this day, when th-. humane spirit of li
berty hath so greatly use's among the peo- j
pic tinder the federal government, that any of the I
citizens within the union (hould luffer themselves to I
be so far mifl d, as publicly to lligicatize it with i
the opprobrious appellation of " infatuated enthu-j
fialm.
As to general emancipation, if they fugged that
we endeavor to obtsin a law to compel any to eman
cipptetheir flavts, we deny it. What we have re
qi)efted in our petitions to the general aflemblv re
lative ta the matter, hath been only to this effecf
j viz. That those who are confcieutiotifly scrupulous
of keeping their fellow creatures in a state of slavery,
i wight have thepsniU-ge of emancipating them,and
I that the perftfns so liberated might be protected by
law. It is well known that the le'gillatiirc of this
j ilate have frequently granted what is called partial
I emancipations ; why then fhon'.d re be cenfnred
| for ourfen:ime»t in that refpeft ?
Tou. hing the alarm, which th - f •.y they fee,and
the profpedt of impending da r, &c. If any
j fu..h profpedls are viliblf, we have reason to believe
that those things arise not from our influence ; and
we are clear of any malevolent design to thi3 pur
pose, t"hat might give jull creation for such an a
larm.
They furthr advance, " The grand jury rcfleft
ir>g upon the miserable havoc and which
have lately taken plaje in the Well Indies in confe
rence of emancipation." To this we may fay,
we do not conceive, that emancipation, proceeding
purely from reliffotiß motives bath been the original
eaufe of maflacres either in the Weft Indies, or
elfewheie, as may be obvious from an impartial in
formal ion. As to the other circumftanees which
they mention, inducing them to present us and our
abettors, these appear to us to'be futile, and with 1
otn jiift grounds, and we doubt not, but upon an
accurate scrutiny will so appear to every unprejudi
cate reader. I
Lastly, "The grand jury present, that fperdy
and resolute menfures ought to be adopted by the
good frnfe and spirit of the people, in order to pre- '
vent that common appeal to arms, in their Own de
fence, which at present appears to be almofi, if not
altogether neceflWy." We hope that people of
good sense, and atffuated by a good spirit will not
ic movtd by the exaggeration tj'f a few individuals,
blinded by prtjudicc, to adopt measures incompati. c
ble with the principles of a free ChrifHan Re'pub- 1
lie ; under which they enjoy their religious liberty, j
and for which favor we ought to render thankful '
acknowledgements, in gratitude to the divine all '
wife Disposer of the hearts of men. f
Given rorth, in behalf of the society of people •'
called Quakers,-from our meeting's c
Handing iommru'.'e in Perquimanicounty, the I
29th day of the ill month, 1796.
Signed i>y order and on behalf of the committee. -
THOMAS JORDAN, Cl'k. f
—i I 3|j| r». 'j
For the Gazette oj the United States.
HISTORICAL NOTICFS
Of the Kingdom .of Sardinia.
(OSSTIkVETi )
During the forme:-part of ihe sixteenth century, the
dukes ot Savoy possessed territories not considerable
either by their populat.on, extent, 01- value. And of t
these the greater part had been conquered by Francis I c
and weie in the poflWVm of the French. The rei?n- 1
nig duke hid been compelled to retire for fafety to the
lining h rtrefi of Nice, where he remained Ihut up
for fevera! years. While his Ibn, the prince of Pied. r
rriont, (trove 10 better his fortune hy fervine as a vo- C
lunttjer in the am,ies»of Spain. The peace or rather "
o-V placed Jiim at length in - s
pofiufiion ot las paternal dominions, and from the F
commencement of the reign of this prince may be ,
principally dated the rile of the fortunes of his house. :.
y gi aduai acquisitions he added to his territories as
well as importance. His fu: cc-ITors, pursuing the fame
ccuric, at length aspired to the regal dignity, and oU- n
tamed it, a little more than half a century ago. v
During the earl) periods of its biflnry, the House t
ot Savoy turnilhes few materials for hifloiy that arcin- ii
terefting to thepielent age, or that 2re of any import- f
ance to our prt lent objeit : a long train of princes are
therefore paiT-d over in fdence : indeed the reign of ,
Charl sis conspicuous on'y for the calamities fuflcied
by his country during its continuance. d
Charles, dukeoi Savov, wa> one of the least j (
and able princes of the line from which he deft-ended, c
Having married, m 1535, Jeatrix of Portugal, fitter g
to the , m per or, :hat yrincels soon acquired, by her 'I
great an absolute ascendancy over him. Hrou'd l
Of her alTinity to the Emperor, or allured bv the mag
nincent promises with which he nattered her ambition, n
(he brought about a union between the Duke and the
Imperial court, extremely inconsistent which tlis situ- f<
ation of his dominions had hiihrrto induced him to ob- it
lerve. Francis I. highly irritated both st this conduct ii
or the Dunel and his having supplied the Con Sable of _
Bourbon with the money which enabled him to levy *
thaf body ot tr oops wh.th ruined the FreVh armv m "
tliefatai battle of Pa via, cauUd him now to feci how
icve. dy Jit could punish the injury.
ihe i-rcach army under the admiral Brioti, poured
t ecccuito the L.-JH i territories, at different places.
[. The counties of Brtfle and li.ig-ey vvcl-c overrun in a
] ( moment. Mod of the towns in tiic diarchy of Savnv
j-_ opened their ga.es at the approach of tfce enemy : the
" few that refilled were eifi'y forced ■ and before the
end of the campaign, the duke law himfelf-dripped
!' all his dominions except the duwh'y of. Piedmont,
is in which there Were net many places in a condition to
i be defended.
s (To be continued.)
Philadelphia,
WEDNESDAY EVENING, Jutr 27.
if The building of the United States Frigate, now
. ! conllruiting in Sotithwark, gqeson rapidly. Some
;l | jjiogiefs has already been made in planking her.
r : —
t Norfnl', July 15.
» COMMUNICATION.
e About 'he time when Rufns King, was ap
pointed Minister from I 1. United States, to Lon
. don, it was boldly advanced by, certain autocratic
: I papers, that Mr. Pinckney, "our late Mir.ilter had
, i solicited his recall :—Although there we're many
t who doubted the truth of the assertion at .that time,
; ' yet it was received with an acquiescence, that made'
r j it p»fs for a fadl.
. I There is good reason however to fwppofe and be.
. I lieve, that Mr. Pinekuey, did not requell to be re
: i called ; from very good authority, there is reason to
.! fay that on the 17th of April last, Mr. Pinckney
. j had no idea of leaving London, yet Mr. King was
: j appoint*! early in May.—The republican oharac
i I ter of Mr. Pinckney, was not calculated to please
: Pitt ; a temporary fufpetifion of his functions by
. ; Jay, laid the foundation for 2 fchcme that none but
his worthy could bring to maturity.
The removal of a minister like Mr. Pinckney, de
minds explanation ; whefi fueh men are dismissed,
we ought to know for what reasons they are remo
ved—lf Mr. Pinekuey lequelitd his recall, it is
cafy to give an extract of a letter containing such
request—again it is said (and the authority will be
given at a proper time) that Mr. Pinckney, did
not expe£l to be displaced on the 17th day of Apiil
last, although hi* fuse'effbr was appointed in the be
ginning of Mav;—John Fenno and N'tah,. the m»-
narchical reptbUc.au, miy cai<p at this article, but
they ~ ;ill find it does not 1 ell upon the sandy foun
dation of " extrafis of letters."
1h the trucjlyle if democratic jeiuitifm, it is infmua
ted in the above article that Mr. Pinclney did not re.
quejl to le recalled. It has been said in this Gazette
that the contrary is true.
The authority for the offer ticn can be cited, if ne.
crjfary. An author t!y tvZich, the Editor is sure, the
Norfolk NKtrs-MCNGB&.nnd letter fabricator, dart not
contradict.
CONFESSION of tSF. AURORA.
In the Gazette of the United States of
last evening the public are roundly affined, that
but very few of the writers in the Aurora, who
have, unawed by the magic-os a founding name,
feminized the public couduft of the Prefidcnt,
have one drop of .American blood in their veins.
The assertion is falfe. The Public are assured, up
on better authority than the Editor of the Ga
zette of the United States can p..ffiblv poi
fefs, that chief of the pieces that bay appeared in
the Aurora upon that luhjeft are from native
Americans.
Neither the Aurora, nor the writers of the Aurora
are m'ntion'd in the Gazette of yejhrday.
There is a Proverb known loni; since,
" Touch a gall'd horse and lie will wince."
Tuesday. July 26.
The enemies of the Conftitntion have never pro
duced a fingle/jSto judify their ablifc 01 the Go
vernment, or their prelenjicns to patri®tifm. The
fnends of our country, its independence nnd con.
ftitution, are charged with the moll flagitiousenor
mities. When fads,are adduced, which prove the
falfehood of tliefe charges, the vocabulary of Eil
lingfgate is ransacked for epithets to lengthen lbs
chiiin of abuse.
Patriots proceed—tho' envy whirl her dings,
I ne Faction ji?ls " tbst fails are flubboni thinjs,"
Look round ; our co intry every wherefupplies
len thoul'and f~t3s to shew bow faction Jkm. •/ 1
Lie on—the Patriots bed 1 evenge (hall be,
10 point out fadts, and tell the truth of thee.
fOR TIIS G AZETTE OF THE UNITED STATUS,
Mr. Fenno,
THE letters relative to the capture of Capt.
St Barbe, exhibit the conduct of PoMer in a light
that muil render him detellable i.i the view of the
civilized .vorld. Potter is not the only uiltance ;
the ptcfent war has developed many such charailer#
—and these are not confincd to one nation 01 ly.
It is the wiih of humanity, that the finger of
scorn and contempt may be pointed at such mon
sters, till shame and re-tnorfe shall banish them from
Society. It appears that a proper abhorrence of
Potter's conduA is entertained by" the officers of
the British army, and that they are determined ta
inten.il themselves against him.
\\ hen this is taken into confederation, in con
nexion wi:h the truly magnanimous condu& obser
ved towards Capt. Hodg(», (who saved a British
transport) not only by the British executive, but by
indivi iuals and corporative bodies of that nation, !
fee no propriety in stigmatizing the whole for a
tranfaftion which we arc sure they mull execrate,
by a puerile ironicifm, in clafling it among " evi
dence 3of Britifli amity"—ln a letter on this fiib- '
jc-a, a hope is expressed, that Potter's infamous
condud " will be a caution to all Americans when
ever they fee an English ship in diflrefs to shun l^r."
This was doutstlefs a flip of the pen—the laws of
humanity are eternally binding, and it ought to be
remembeied are reciprocal.
The contrary fer.timent if adopted, would trans
form mankind to brutes. The magnanimity and
ju.tice of the British Nation will be exhibited on
this occasion—The example of Capt. Hodge, ia
.pledge of the foimer, and every principle of com
mon right will ensure the other.
HUM ANITAS.
she fafb'ton of this -world fiajjefh away.''
Yea, verily, talhieD dotb pass. But the efforts