iO.i Ti.'g THE UNIfED slAiia. Mr. Fenno, *MANKiND» in the abftoce of greater evils, have always been acctiftomed to complain of those which are trivial in their nature, and which would scarcely attract their notice if they were not ren» dercd confpieuous by coming alone. Even where real evils do not exist, the imaginations of some ■will be busy in forming gloomy prognoftieations, and their Abilities exerted in spreading diltruft through society. • To this dHpofition of human nature to repine at their condition, however enviable, we may justly attribute the murmurs of some of our citizens, at the present time of unexampled prosperity. Here • are the United States risen to independence and re r Butation, and favored with peace, liberty and plen iv. apatriotifm mull:' turn aside from these blefling*,to WfanWTTfie de fers of government ! America, having refilled the heavy arm of opprefiion, havings baffled the fchemcs of insurgency, and disarmed by her placid dignity the malice of distant nations, is now doom ed to bt peflered with the effufions .of calumny, and the lamentation! of counterfeited sorrow. To'him, however, who conliders human frailty, this circumstance will not oe'eafion much surprize; nor, when he examines into its nature and cause, will it rouse his apprehensions. No system of go vernment ci>h be formed fa free from error, as not . to present forih: opening to the of discon tent; nor-, indeed, would perfeAion-ilfelf fare any better wilh these who are determined on diflatis'fac -tion, and continue their censures, rather to che rish animosity than to effedt j-eformation. But why lhould these clamours disturb us ? The evil may be truly said to bring its own r«nedy. By bringing-political fubjedts so frequently into dif p.ute, they incite others to think more deeply upon them,*a{ii"lead us by freqnent alarms to study our feeurity withmorecircumfpe£ioii. Letnot therefore tbefrienas of good government be difconcertcd by the voice of those who delight to vilify & counteract ' It. ' Much has been said about the propriety oF our ' fidirig with certain foreign nations. For my part, " 1 fee no reason to meddle with the concerns either ; «f England or France, further than to demand jullicfcfrom both. As to the opinion of our par tiality for the former power, it is.'too absurd to de- , Terve refutation, though there are many, that pro- , fefsto hold it. France, it is true, may claim some /hare of oucxegard, but cannot we (hew it with out giving up our Independence to her, as some would have it 1 I am well aware that we are bound in frieudlhip to the French nation, but these liga ments extend only to the mutual interests of the two nations, and embrace nut the internal policy of 1 either. Was it ever intended by the compact be- i tween us, that one (hould make the cause of the 1 other her own, and hold herfelf obligated to join in ' her vengeance? If so, the two nations are but I one; and let them hereafter be ruled by one head, I since they can by this means operate with greater ' force, and plan their enterprizes with more uni- I fortuity. < Bits taking these people on their own ground, 1 and allowing it is incumbent on us to help Fraiace ' in their present difficulties, by what means are w« "to do it ! Go to war with her enemies ? No, furs ly ; if the wisdom of France is equal to her hero- ( ism, (he will easily fee that the aid of America has 1 been more effc&ually drawn forth by her obferv- : ance of impartial deportment, than if het govern- t ment had been inspired with the fame spirit of re- c fer.tment that enflamed themselves. She has fur- , nifhed them with food, without which the fire of enthusiasm i> fuffoeated, and the force of armies i depressed. By this line of condtift substantial fu:- j •ours ha*« been given ; and who that withes well j to the cause of France, would be anxious, lather t to gratify them with useless anger at their enemies, t than to pursue those lleps by which.alone we c qualified toaffift them ? WitlrrelpeA to our treaty with Great-BritaiWj % concerning which the minds of men have nat yet 1 become calm, much has been said and written t -perhaps more than its oppofers are willing or' able p examine. 1 (hall therefoie forbear to-dwcll up- x OK'it, though it forms the chief fukjtd of com plaint amongst us. _ g It is "to be hoped that America will always "be t: so lingular in the world, as to wefer peftee to war j, when it rarTWtfone with honour, "aridiTiat Trom * t the motive of frrvijig our own interest, as well as b doing j-uitice\to the reft of mankind. Rem'on- Jb-ances and tfyeats m*ip indeed be made, but have J, we any j*ay to/o1j«w a'nd enforce them ? Or if we v confine o«ielvcs to operations, what advan tages of po!U raptured, or territory fobdued, can h recompence for the deftruClionjjof commerce and 0 vhe waJle : *f war.? I >ne of those who w weuld facriSce national reputation to frivolous f-ars, or cautious, interest.; but if p is much can be ob-nineil by expostulation as by bat- c tie, where is the man that wogld rcflßrnmei«d.it, Q er who so weak aj to admit tei2rgmr t «n|av> . j From a candid Viejv of appears ob- n Vio\i3, that the uneasiness of citi- aj zens has been totally ihey 0 onlv needed f»mef(*ft»us calamity, or of present blessings, to bring them td a sense t , sd, that the market," if 1 m;i? fa expxey it, »vas l'» glutted with it, and the val.iici>f it fell./Bci wen . live and fix years determined the fate (#"thoL-%x -■l4 periments. The fame, tatc have/happened to. :n ' gold and silver. Cptlld gold and silver have bleep , ifiued ia the fame abundant manner ss paper had been, and confined wi'hin the country as paper mo "*■ ney always is, by having'to circulation 011s,. of-ft, uft or to fpiak on a larger fc-iL-j ihe f.»me t'.iTng would happen in theworJ4,ootittT the world be glutted with a! gold and silver, as. America and Fiance has been "y with paper. at The Englilh fyltem differs from that of Amftica ; rc "and France in this one that its capito! is te- kept oui tl.jf ; S- i t " dajs not jppear in cir :n- cuhttion. Were the whole* capital o£.the national ! "ft debt, which at the time I is atlHotl four hundred million pounds sterling, to be emitted inaffignats, or tills, it would fink in value as thttte o? America and France have done ; and that in a great -10 er degree, because the quantity of them wsuld b4 ' m * more difproportioned to the quaotity of population 'y> in England, than was the ease in either of the o ther two countries. A nominal p?und sterling in y> those bills would sot be worth one jienny. 'i But though the English fyftcra, by thu« keep- | ' e > ing the capital out of fight, is preserved from hasty j i°" deflruftion, as in the cafe of America arid France, ' ,Qt it nevertheless approaches the fame fate, and will 1 n - arrive at it with the fame certainty, though by a n >' flower progress. The difference is altogether in the 1 ;c * degree of Ipced by which the two, systems approach ■ ie * their fate, which, <0 speak in refund numbers, is as ' twenty is to one ; that is, the Englifc system, tliat c of funding the capital instead ofifiuingit, \ y- within itfelf a capacity of endurjpgtwenty times lon- ' ger than the fyftemsadopled by America & Franc* ; ' 3,1 and at the end of thattime it will arrive at the fame / ur common grave the Potter's , field) of paper, money, i re The datum, I take for this of twen- t afy to one ' ' is ,he difference betweerv a capital and 1 " the interest at five percent. TwelSty times the, jn- 1 {tereft is equal to the capital. The accumulation llr of paper money in England is in proportion to the'' *> aecumulatian of the interest upen every new Joan,, " and therefore the progress to dissolution is twenty > j times flower than if the capital were to be emitted ' ( ir " and put into circulation immediately. Everj twen- r e * l T y ears in the English system is.equal to one year in the French and American fyftcms. 5 ne ,1 . " l ; e " BY THIS DAY's MAILS. ! ,d ■' — * a- NEW-YORK,. July ,6. f be The refpeftability of the perfoo who ycfterday of communicated the price of wheat, and the rate of e- infurancc, induced us to give it a place. Upon '' ie due investigation his information is not entitled to in the froalleft degree as credit, as we are informed, by " t at the bell authority, that merchantable wheat is now 1 3, felling at 13s. and 123. 6. per bushel : And that !l er the r4te of insurance is at 9or 10 percent, out and i. home, against capture and the danger of the'fea, &c. And when a diftinAion is made between Bri tish or French captors, it is, for fub'ftantial reasons, :e in favour of th? former. [Diary. '* RIOTS IN AMSTERDAM. 1 *• By the arrival of the (hip Three Friends, yefter- „ 0- day afternoon, {„ days from Amsterdam, we ji 's learn that the inhabttaifts of that city were placed in a disagreeable situation. There were a body of ci titens to the number of about 8 or 900, called e- cannonicrs, of the lowest class in the society," who „ r - were allowed to wear fide-arms. 3 f They had lately affcmbled every night in gangs, f, and ranged about the city like madmen, in several. > iiiftances committing murder. The municipality. (; " justly alarmed at these proceedings, gave orders on c :r : the 11 th of May for them to affeirble in front of ,j 8 » the Stadthoufe, and surrender their aims. The 8 cagnoniers assembled on the day appointed ; and , tlie light hotfe, and the reft of the militia were or- k > 'dered to surround them in order to disarm them. a The cannoeiers however remained film, determined t [ ■»i t« surrender only with their lives. With this dif- ] 1; c position they remained from 12 o'clock at mid-day cl » until j2. at night. l " At about half pad 12 at night, they entered the Stadthoufe, and iorcibly liberated three or four of e their party who had been confined for murder ; rc L r&kQJHW, Bfvr. day .fcea.Jio parade.the.ftrccts of (he ,j ---n .c;ty unmolested. A body of French troops had f 1( 8 been feut for to keep the peace of the city, a By the Friends we have received Dutch papers ; 3 e in May, from which we (hall cause to be translated I( e what may appear deserving of notice. Letters by the Three Friends mention a report " having cireblated i« Amsterdam of an engagement ar J on the Rhine, in which the Auftrians were-defeated ev 0 with considerable loss. y » London accounts of the 14th May (late, the re s ports of a frefh infurrcftion of the I'oles, on the jt - confines of Turkey, under the command of the » Chiefs DEUISKO, KOLLYSKOand LI BE RADWYZKY : that they had published a ma- m - nifefto, in which they declare their reliance on the affiftanee bt the Porte to deliver their country from ,u >' opprtflion. 1 Should this prove true the meditated rupture be c tween Russia and Torkey will probably be brought ° r to an immediate issue. > ___ • . BOSTON, July 12. , > Our papers from Pjiris are i'everal days later than . any before received. Several translations from thenj r w«-gv»e-«4m» The -May rB, contains no -. account of any battle ou the Rhine. A S FRFNCH PAPERS. an j Our friendly correspondent at Paris has supplied us, 'mi . by capt. 'i ibbets, with a continuation of-the series of evl The Gazette Nationale, ou le Moiliteur Univerfel, to May 16. Their contents have been communicated by f the Engliih papers—and they contain the accounts giv- "5 ' cn ef the infurgenr fficit which agitated the Council r,a - of Five Hundred, andfwhjch has since been allayed by °f ; the vigilance and energy of the Directory. Por the , reft, the Councils were Occupied inxiifcuffiolis on the . pecuniary concerns of the and th: expu'.fion t ti< of the rerraflory The Moniteurof the 16th i-» fays, "We are assured that the Spanilh Ambaflador' , 1 has just received a Courier frsm. tlie us Turin, 1 requesting his good offices in procuring a peace. The P' a motive h, that the flroiij places of Coni, Tortcna'anU Tt ■ ■ sr y ■fj Alexandria, iiicf!cnld their £ites to our ar jj . ThYSardinian general* • ttkfll ev ?» ' Jfe ilfree-in number, vis. lleutaiaSt ';»;•»?!• il cot«a|rtie fitert; \c conte dcs Clonal of his sii'dinim x " majcfty's £uard, and gen. MStter.—Foul: Cojoncls, to . eight standards, twelve pieces of artillery, sortie how it'*? j£.?> are also among the vidl o;y. id «• • SALi- OF pr.l Z! S. • ' 0 . Among other awiri?e.s )viefented UV . j 6arbe de Marbois, to the Geune*i! of Ancient*, on the .id ficth April] fn which lie informs, 'that the l 0 Coifimr fyorter according.to the fpkjt of ex ijlmg treaties, mnjl again propeed to ,sea ; andthepriz• ' es miift be conduced to the ports of the nation of the cup e tor, and it is there they ought to be tried. r . leagues, is the reciprocity which we demand ; audit is. i- thps we will fulfil the duties «f friendfliip and benevo jj lefee towards our jllie., and even towards nations with _ Mfliich we are only at peace." FROM LIS soy. T- ( Schooncr Catharine, Cox, in 45 days. Reports ' were confidently circulated, Tltat Spain and Eng. 'j 'and had commenced war each other, and. the'reports appeared to ; be credited by two Spani/h * frigates there which immediately failed for Spain. ' . ; " . FROM FRINGE, t Capt. Tibbitts.— verbal information is, that hostilities had commenced on the Rliine, by a vic tory decifivcly favorable to the Fiench ; and in which IC,OOO men were tilled. This vi&ory was soon after followed by another, of almost equal bril y liancy, and ending in the death of 8000 men. f Letters from Pari3, rate flour in that city, at 5 n dollars, per barrel. Letters also ftatc, that it was u hoped through the intercefiion of Mr. Monroe, that y »the decree of the Government ordering foreigners v to quit Paris, would be-ameliorated so as to to al t low Americans to continue in that city—at present 1 they are removed. < ■iTranflated fijr the Centinel.] GERMANY. e BRUSSELS, 4th Floreal. 1 Hostilities will commence in a few dayi. The ( French and Aulhian J aroiic» are in movement in all - parts, and formidable camps covcr both fides of the 2 Rhine. ' FRANCE. 1 PARIS< May 16. The Cjuticil of 500, hasjuft done an'aft of < 1 great jullicc and humanity, by granting the meant 1 of. subsistence to the widows and children of the tin- < > fortunate Representatives, Valaze, Carra, Gorfas, < Bfiffot, Phelippeaux, Oangeneuve, Gaudin, Lidon, ' ' Coutlard, Canu'llc-Defmouiins, Birotteatl, Salle,and ' ' cuoyennes Petion and Buzot. They are the vlt- 1 tijiis of the Robefperian tyranny. t j •' May 18. 1 Thedire<3ory is taking a£iive meafnres to bring the late conspirators to. jijfiice. They have ifTuad « ; a decree of arrest againlt Ricotd, La'ignelot, and ' the principal insurgents, Drouet only excepted, and I ; have sent them to the director of 'ths jury of the , criminal tribunal of la Seine. a Drouet-has undergone one interrogatory. ARMY OF ITALY. , J A letter frorrj Gen. Buonparte, of the 17th Flo . real, addreflid to the Executive Dire&ory, men- S " tiwti*; TTag-'TSlten _ poirVT-" fion of the town of Toftoik, in which they found a very fine fottrefs, which cost the king of Sardin ia more than' 15 millions. We have found therein & 100 pieces of brass cannon, and casements for 3000 a: men. ft He adds, that the day after the ftffpenfion of g arms, the army wasiput in movement. Beatdieulras '' evacuated all his podrions.afid has passed the P*o-«i *' Valence, with all hi»froops. hi Upcn the.invitation of the king of Sardinia, the Neapolitans have surrendered Valence to a Piedmoa t«fe garrifiin. The Convention of Holland (Batavia) has for- w ma'.ly declared war agginft'Great Britain. p, Drouet, who has been arreted as the leader in 0 f the last Paris infurreftion, is the fame person who n, flopped Louis XVI. when on his flight fiom Paris pl toMontmedi. > * {j, COUNCIL OF FIVE HUNDRED* s, 7 Floreil £May 6.] ' f] c The law for banishing the refractory prjeds was an taken up and pafled. ... g Phillippe Delleville proposed to exempt all the pl Ecciefiaiii«» who hsW attained to 80 years of age. 0 f At this age, said he, they'cannot be dangerous, p a and humanity recoils alt thrf condTmoatk»n of AicVi th 'men to captivity. His am'endmttlr- was not, how- C o evr adopted. ' - ow The' Executive Direflwy »ws chargcd with the ed necelTary measures sot cefebsating on th« 10th Prai- by rial following, a fe*t ffie triumphs I bu of the army in Italy* - V ex May-ij.;, { j 'Ei The Executive sent to the all e n the 'p.pers refpedling that conspiracy D'Otiet was atjtfhe head. They were 44 in num- ar . ber. In a hatrer to the Directory, Dioutt com- ca plains, of the Violence done at his house the ; ioth. a ei The dirfaory deny the hct, and dcclare, tiat in W . " r% • ' i ; ;ar- this'occurrence, tTicy leligfrmfly refpe£Ud the house of the K,eprefeoyiikc. The Oftljncl wcut l into committee of.tlie on tliofe jiapets, hut came to no refolufßfc of t-Kla fubjcdt, g. . HAVRE, May 14. ow . following prizes he-ve arrived atßrcft,be. tvreen the 27th Germing and 7 Fljrrzl, vi^ The E'njlifh brig..Duchef», Men v. itli Teoeiiffe °'V* wine, takefi by the privafWr le Patriate.. The Englifb ship Erikndlhip, 140 tons, laden with copper, cheese and ru i., #lft> Phtii'ote. ities The Englilh Kloof* BiWger, from London, lajec ong \vith old iron, sugar, quickfiUer, tea and dye fluffs, rce* taken by the privateer la-Ffiintaifie'. -tes, The English brig Nancv, fioHl Liverpool, laden into W beer and < £r&«ifi»iw. fc" . The laden .with Port £^ r win?,-?nd cohort.'.-.. J t ], e The Eiiglift biig Poland, from Midager and izts Barbara, laden with 20b (ons grain. :ap- The English {loop William, laden >vith flotir, fait provisions and beer, bound to Newfoundland. 7' * [Thusfar tranJlationi.~j 17 Floreal, May 6. wjr The Council resolved that on the 10 Prarial, , ro . May 29, a nationalfeftival of vidtory (hall be cele g a brated throughout thewfcole extent of the Republic. crct The Diredtory was charged with the means of ex ecution. - " frlu Greedy, fpeculaton, under fidtitions names, mo- -no'polize all the property ; pay for it at a trifling part of its value, or.,account of the pref:nt depre ,en ciaiion of the Mandats, and so ruin the Republic. tier It i> not to preserve that they purchafc, but to def traf. Fearing the chances of the future, they haf rhe ten to demolish the 'fcdifices, to fell the woods, to 2l fcll ever y particle of produce, and thug degrade'tll*., . £? properties. ap. The Comnaiflary of the Dirediory with the army ol- pfthe Sambre and Mease, has given orders to put t is. in requisition all th« cattlc and provifious in these '°* departments. In the province of Luxembourg this "S» rigorous measure created the greatell conflernation LONDON. May 17. Yesterday Mr. Put went to the king at Wind.* rts so ,e feulr > *s't was said, all the preliminaries to the difl'olirtion I such as taking his Majelty's plea. » d sure 011 the new craation of peers ; and of tbechan g« w} "sh arc in meditation in office. If we may truH to rumor, these changes have been the fubjeft of considerable negotiation, and of some wrangling. iat The y ,tr 'B ues » «oweveu are said to be at an end, i c . and Mr. Pitt went to■ the king with the result. ' j h We cannot speak with confidence on tbe fubjedV as but we ar . e to!<1 Lord Grenvillehas prevailed in il- not fuffering Lord Auckland .to come into the ca binet, and the Duke of Portland is to be permuted to keep hh prefer,t office with its patronage. The , a 8 new arrangement is sard ts be, that Lord Hawkcf at kury, with an earldom, dial] be appointed president ■rs ° f the Council, and jo feeure an office to his son. ,1- Lord Auckland is to have the board of trade, with nt lomc other appofatmdlit. - Sir Gilbert Elliot, whose state of health for some time has been truly diftiefling, is immediately co- 1 ming home. Who his successor is to be, is not ' perhaps entirely fixed. We have heard |person na med tothe office., whose firuation at hrjnc is fa h« good as to make it lingular if Ite accept* ot it—we i - all mean the Earl of Wellmoreland. '■■'■-k he ■ It is considered as quite certain that PatKiuner* Aid wiil be dilTolved on Friday f ,ext. Fhtre' wilj courle be a new session in Oiftober next. Mr. Morgan in hi, reoent pamphlet, has most , i; V of clearly Oiewn the fallacy ot Lord Auckland's argil- * *' at mcntm regard to the increife of the imports jTnd ' • •' 0 . exports. He (hews that their sudden increase &• J !S) entirely to be afu-nbed to the war, and that it ig ' n, not commerce, but waßeful expenditure for all the , d .ncreafesofour exports is to Germany ; while ,0 1. Portugal, Spain, the Straights, Turkey, theßri continental territories, and the Weft-Indies our ?xports have even dccfrafed. ' g The Empress of all the R (; ffia S , in order to ma ,d horanxiciiis ijefire of peace, has graciously con d delcendec to limit her demands upon the your* d Kll, g of Sweden to the following four points ,e , I- That Sweden (ball renounce all connexion, and all commerce with the Frsnch Republic. 2 - That he spall her creature, Baron Armteldyas lil 9 prim® rniniitcr. 3- That he -(hall deprive his uncle, the Due de\ I. budermania, ofall authority in theftate 4 and , [T mjt tbe young King Ihall marry her grand d daughter. ° - These demands, the Autocratix fays, are so ma. " n derate, and fc consistent with the relations of peace 3 and amity between neighbouring kingdoms, that the will call God and polferity to witness, i hat the f guilt ot involving two nations in war lies upon l.is , head ; und she will make a holy appeal so the Di- U l^. 3 "^ 0 a " the foverei g DS Europe, upj«j of her caofe. ' : PARIS, April 28. Tart Si Editor, •' IW this morning bee» to the Hafle ati Bled which is the great wheat market of Paris', for the piarpofe ofobtaimag precise information of the ilate of the markets for wheat and flour, and find la, ee quantities on hand ; the mai ket open to any and all ' qual.ty offbeat Hour at u, J;;. ling for one hundred pounds-French weight, or a hundied and eight pounds American-and common fW at ,os. and 6d. to, It has Tatelyftlkn Bread'• t f CP T iling ° pirtl ' onthat ' l W, ' !l lower' Bread is from three to fonr sous a pound-all l^ p enty f rom Frcnch f, our>^for l]Qt • has been fold in Havre for several week. past, nor a barrel brmnrht from " T l °! 3ny ki " d mercharidize— money , 8 the only thing in dtmand— that ed W 'a ß 7 ge I" 3 ""'"'" thal have been export . bvreafon g lf at K Wh,Chire hdd frum circulation but th« C p . aper nnedium ' is «trem«ly f el , ce but that evil 1S beginning to correct itfelf • The ,e*thaoge.is m favor of Fianec against all parts of mfr ' Ca ' anJ wi " remaln To until tile f c ° !ncd mone y ls re'lored, and it mav notbe thoughtextraordinai yif theLouisand Crowns cTSfrance P ofi,iont f '°"> Ameri, r r i . — Jr are every where TpV r and they are vanquiflitafc * * '