TERMS OF PUBLICATION.
THE BFDFORD GAZETTE is published every Fri
day morning by METERS A MENGKL. at $2 00 per
annum, if paid strtet/y m advance; $2.50 if paid
within sis months; $3.00 if not paid within six
months. All subscription attaintt MUST br
ifitted annually. No paper will he sent out of
the State unless paid for is ADVANCE, and all such
subscriptions will invariably be discontinued at
the expiration of the time for which they are '
paid.
All AD\ ERTISEMENTS for a less term than i
three moD'hs TEN CENTS per line for each In- j
sertion. Special notiees OBe-half additional All I
resoluti- ns of Associations; communications of'
limited or individual interest, and notices of mar- '
riages and deaths exceeding five line . ten rents
per line. Editorial notices fifteen cents per line.
All legal Notices of every kind, and Orphana'
fCourt and Jndieial Sales, are m/aired by late
to be published in both papers published in. this j
pi a re.
Usf All advertising due after first insertion.
A liberal disc unt is made to persons advertising
by the quarter, half year, or year, as follows:
3 months, fi months. I vear ■
rinc square - - - $ 4 , r >(; it pi) oo :
Two squares . . . r, 0(J Dpi) 111 Ml j
Three squares - - - 8 PO 12 HO 2it 00 !
Quarter column - - 14 00 20 00 35 on i
Half column - - - IS 00 25 O0 45 nil 1
One column - ... 30 00 45 no SO Oil I
•One square to occupy one inch of space.
JOB PKINTING, of every kind, done with !
neatness and dispatch. THE GAZETTE OFFICE has ;
ju*; been refitted with a Power P1 ess and new type. '
ar.-l everything in the Printing line can be execu- 1
ted in the most Hrtislic manner and at the lowegt j
rates.— TERMS CASH
All letters should be addrcssd to
MEYEKS A MENGEL.
Publishers.
JVttornetis at £au\
JOSEPH W.TATE. ATTORNEY I
?I AT LAW, BEDFORD, PA., will promptly
attend to collections of bounty, back pay. Ac.,
and all business entrusted to his care in Bedford
and adjoining counties.
0 ish advanced on judgments, notes, military j
and other claims.
II is for sale Town lots in Tatesville, where a
good Church is erected, and where a large School
House shall be built. Farms. Land and Timber ,
I arc, from one acre to' 500 acres to suit pur
chaser*.
Office neatly opposite the "Merigel Hotel" and!
Bank of Reed A Schell.
April 6. ISH6 ly
J. MCI). SIIAKPE E F. KERB.
EliAßl'E vV KERR, ATTORNEYS
AT LAW BEDFORD, PA., will practice in j
the courts of Bedford and adjoining counties Of
fice on Juliana St., opposite the B it king House of ;
Seed A Schell. |Man* 2. *M.
J. R. DrRBORROW. j JOHN LUTZ. |
I\URB OR R O AN' A- 1, 1" TZ .
] f ATTORNEYS AT LAW. BEDFORD. PA., i
Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to
their care. Collections made on the shortest no- ,
iiee.
They are. also, regularly licensed Claim Agents '
and will give sp>eial attention to the prosecution |
of claims against the Government for Pensions, i
B tck Pay. Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the!
•Mengei House," and nearly opposite the In-ifiitrer
office.
fOl IN P. REED, ATTORNEY AT
t j LAW, BEDFORD, PA Respectfully tenders
his services to the pnhlte.
Offi e second door North of the Mengei House, j
Bedford. Aug. 1, 1661.
fOHNPALMER, ATTORNEY AT ;
a I LAW. BEDFORD. PA. Will promptly attend j
to all business entrusted to his care.
Particular attention paid to the collection of
Military claims. Office on Juliana Street, nearly j
opposite the Mengei H use.
Bedford. Aug. 1. MM.
1 J*SPY M. A ESI P. ATTORNEY AT
JEJ LAW, BEDFORD. PA Will faithfully and j
promptly attend to all business entrusted to his j
care in Bedford and adjoining counties. Military ■
claims, back pay, bounty. Ac., speedily collected. !
Office with Mann A Spang, on Juliana street, j
t—o doors Souih of the Mengei House.
Jan. 22, IStH, ,
F M. KISSMELL. j J- V. LIXGENFELTER. j
K IMMELL & LINGEN FELTER,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW. BEDFORD. PA., i
Hive formed a partnership in ti.u practice of;
the Law. Office on Juliana street, two doors South j
of the 'Mengei House,"
/ i H. SPANG. ATTORNEY AT
1 J , LAW. BEDFORD, PA. Will promptly at
tend to collections and all business entrusted to j
his care in Bedford and adjoining counties.
Office <>n Juliana Street, three doers south of the •
"Mengei House," opposite the residence of Mrs. '
Tate
May 13. Hot
B. r. ME VERS | J W. DICKERSUN.
MEYERS A- • DICKKRS< >N, AT- |
TORNEYS AT LAW. Bedford. Pa office j
satue as formeily occupied by lion. W P. schell. ,
two doors east of the GAZETTE office, will practice j
in Ihc several courts of Bedford county. Pensions, j
bounty and tack pay obtained and the purchase
and sale of real estate attended Ms. j may 11,'66 j
rOHN H. FILLER, .1 ttomtyat Law,;
sP Bedford. Pa. Office near y opposite the Post
Office. (opr. 20,'66. —ly
Vlnisicians and pcntists.
I) 11. PENNSYL, M. i-. BLOODY
, Rl'S. Pa.. (1 ite surgeon 56th P. V. V ,) ten
ders his professional services to the people of that
place and vicinity Dec 22. 65—ly*
Uf AY. JAMISON, M. !>.. BIXJODX
If , ava Pa. tenders his prifadossl servi
ces to the p. opie of that place and vicinity. Office
one door west of Richard Langdott s store.
Nov. 21. '6s—ly
nit. J. L. MARBOURG, Hawing
permanently located, respectfully * er * ( J er f
his professional services to the citizens of Bedford
and vicinity.
Office on Juliana street, east side, nearly opposite
the Banking House of Heed A Sebell.
lb if .rd, February 12. lt-61.
C * RICKOK, | J. G. iIINSRH. JB.,
IvENT I S T S ,
[ J BEDFORD. PA.
Office in the Bank Building. Juliana fst.
AM operations pertaining to .Surgical or Me
chanical Dentistry carefully performed, and war
runted.
TERMS —CASH.
Bedford. January 6, 1565.
iBan!;crs. •
JACOB REED, j U.J. SOBBIX,
I ) E E 1) A N 1) SC II K LL ,
| \ Bankers and
DEALERS IN EXCHANGE,'
BEDFORD. PA.,
DRAFTS bought ami sold, collection* made and
money promptly remitted.
Deposits solicited.
G. W. BUPP O. E. GBASSOS P- BENEDICT
I > URP, SHANNON &GO., RANK
1\ ERS, BEDFORD, PA.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT
COLLECTIONS made for the East, We*'. North
an i .Sufb, and the general business t Exchange
transacted. Notes and Account* Collected and
Ritiittanses promptly made. REAL fcsrAii,
Uiughl and sold. 20' t®®**
3HisrcUanrou*.
nANIEL BORDER,
PirT STREET. TWO DOORS WEST OF THE BED
FORD HOTEL, BEDFORD. PA.
WATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY, SPECTACLES. AC
H keeps on hanrl Bto*k of fine Gobi nni hil-
H*r Wa'chps, Spectudes of Brilliant Double He
fit ed Olassc* also Scotch Pebble Glnsses Gold
Watch Chains, Breast Pins, Finger Rings be*
quality of Gold Pen'. He will supply to ordei
any thin® in his line not on hand.
" t 20. 1865- _
HF. irvinf,
, ANDERSON'S ROW, BEDFORD. PA
Dealer in Boots. Shoes. (Jneensware. and \ arie
ties. trom Country Merchants re
speetftiliy s ,]j lied •
Oct 20, 1860,
R. ANDERSON,
Licensed Scrivener nmJ f 'nnret/nncer,
CENTREVII.LE, REDFORD OOCNTV. P '.,
attend to the writing of Deeds, Mortgage;
I.Articles of Agreement, and all busines
usually transacted by a Striveaer and C"i)veyr
'*> V ' Id* thejpublie is respectfull
A pnia, 'ae-ti. ,*■ - '* :
@!)t Dcbforb ©rt|cttc.
BY MEYERS & MENGEL.
YtnrtUrnrf. &r.
WM. HARTLEY J S. S. METZGER.
HARTLEY & METZGER HAVING
formed H partnership, on the Ist day of
April, lgfifi. in the HAR D WARE and FARM
MACHINERY TRADE. now invite the pub
tie to examine their mammoth stock. which they
will sell at low figures, for cash. |apr.27.'t>6.
¥ItOX AND N A 11,s. at low 1-t m-h
1 price... at HARTLEY A METZGER'S
PAINTS, fresh, durable and beauti
ful; Pure Liberty White Lead; Penn Treaty
White Lend; Mansion White Lend; China Gloss;
Turpentine; Flaxseed Oil; Copal and Dctiiar Var
nish; Brushes of all kinds, for sale cheap nt
HARTLEY A MKTZGAR S
/ 1 HA IN ANI) (ill ASS SCYTHES*
\ ¥ >nfdn and Harvesting Implements in great
variety, and at all rices. fr s-de
HARTLEY & METZGER S.
BO WASHING MACHINES
* '• and the great npti.Coo.Wheel Wringer,
now 00 exhibition at HARTLEY A METZGER'S.
C ill nd sec this invention before purchasing else
where.
QPRTtfG TOOTH RARER, Gum
* ' Spring Grain Dri'ls, Improved Cider Mills,
Eureka Fodder and Strew Cutters, for sate nt
HARTLEY .fc METZGER'S.
HOUSE KEEPERS will find t
Hartley A Metigcr's Store a great variety of
household H-irdwate : Knive? and Forks. Spoons of
elegant quality. Ladles, single or in sets. Shovels
"ml Tung.-. Waiters. 1 ea (Sell., Scissors. Meat Saws,
Carvers, Paring Knives. Brushes. Waffle Irons.
Griddles, Gridirons, Brass, Porcelain ai d Iron Ket
tles. Iron Pots. Tubs. Buckets. Baskets, Brooms,
Slaw Cutters. Ac., Ae. Stove Polish. Rotten Stone,
and a hundred little -'kniek knacks" that we can't
afford to enumerate. It would be easier to tell
what we don't keep than what we do.
rpilK CLKAKKST, IIttKiHTRST,
I Best. Safest and Purest, -nd for these reasons
the Cheapest Cool Oil in Bedford, uiav always be
had al H. rtley A Metiger's. You who have never
used any other than the '-common track.'' try it,
compare it! ami you will always go to Hartley's.
Coal Oil Lamps in brilliant profusion, and great
variety, very cheap at Hartley's, also. Wick. Lamp
Tops. Ae. Coal Oil Lamps repaired.
- I | GIIEENCASTLE GRAIN CRA
)w DLES. Natural bent fingers will he re
ceived by Hartley A Metzger. who arc exclu
sive agents for Bedford county. Older soon.
I) C( 'K-EYE REAPERS ami MOW
> ER>, with all the new improvements, atno* g
whi h is 'he wonderful Dropping invention. Also,
a few -Farmer Movers'' tor sale by Hartley A
Mezger. Order -0011 as the supply issh*irtfor
this season.
I) ARX DOOR of the
) most improved pattern, traek and all eom
dlete, cheaper and hotter than hinges, for sale at
HARTLEY A METZGER 8
| \EMI-JGHNS, for Mineral Water,
1 / at HARTLEY A METZGER'S.
1 WISHING TACKLE—Rods, Hooks,
[ Lines. Ac.. Ac. .Shot Gur>s, Powder, Shot,
Caps, Ac. at Hartley A Metzger'*.
"• 1 t BEKEA GRINDSTONES and
• )\ f and Fixtures, at Hartley A Metzgers.
IJATENT WHEEL GREASE; the
best White-wash. Blacking and Scrub Brush
es in town, at Hartley A Metzger's.
/ 1 O TO HARTLEY A METZGER'S
\ J to get your money back
GEO. BLVMYER. | JOHN F. BLYMYER.
/ 1 E<)RG E BLY MY ER & SON
\ J( having formed a partnership, on the 6th of
March. 1566. in the
HARDWARE k HOUSE FURNISHING \
BUSINESS.
respectfully invite the public to theirnew rooms, j
three doors west of the old stand, where they will !
find an immense stock of the most splendid goods j
ever brought to Bedford county Tbese goods I
will be sold at the lowest possible prices. Kersoils !
desirous of purchasing BUILDING HARDW ARE j
will find it to their advantage to give us a call. i
WHITE LEAD.—We have on hand a large j
quantity of White Lead, which we have been fur
innate to buy a little lower than the market rates.
The particular brands to which we would invite i
attention, are the
Purr Burl Bend,
Bthrrty White Beuel.
Snmr Franlliu White Bead,
Wnxhi tiffton White Bend,
Wa-'hin<eton Zinc White Bead,
A7l" Yori II bite L'"d.
ALSO :— French Porcelain Fitlixh
Demar Varnish;
Varnish** of all tmdx.
Ftn need Oil, (pure.)
Turpentine and Alcohol ■
All kind* of IRON and NAILS.
N„. 1 CHRYSTAL ILLUMINATING COAL
OIL.
LAMPS in profusion.
We would invite persons wanting Saddlery
Hardware, to give us a call, as we have every- j
thing in the Saddlery line, stieh as Buckles,
Rings. Unites and Webbing Leather of all kinds; ;
also a variety ot Shoe Findings, con-isting of (
French Calf Skins, Morocco Linings, Bindings, j
Pegs, etc.
Housekeepers will find at Blytnyer & .Son s j
i store a great variety of household goods. Kntve- 1
and Fork of the very best quality; Plated Table
and Tea Spoons at all prices.
Give us a call and we can supply you with Barn ;
! Door Rollers, the latest improvements; Nova Scot a j
I Grindstones, better than any in use; Shovels. I
I Forks and Spades. j
Grain and Grass Scythes and .Snathes; fishing i
I Tackle; Brushes of all kinds; Demi-Johns; Patent !
! Wheel Grease. Tar and Whale Oil, and an infinite |
variety of articles. _
$20.0(10 WANTED —Would like to get it if our !
friends would let us have it. Less will do; but •
persons having unsettled accounts will close theia I
up to the first of March, to enable us to close our j
old books. This should he done
mi . 4,'66. GEO. BLYMYER A SON
Vj I "nil PER YEAR! We want
• ) | , )' M / agents every where to sell our
tM PROVED $2O Sewing Machines. Three new kinds.
I'tder and upper feed. Warranted five years.—
; Above salary or large commissions paid. ThcoNLV
! machines s.ld in the United Stales for less than :
$lO. which are fully her axed by Ha ice., Wherler&r
Wilson. Graver A Baler. Singer A- Co., and
Bochetder. All other cheap machines ate in
fringe air -tx. and the ul/er or uxer re liable to
arrest, fine, and imprisonment Circulars free.
I Address, or call upon Shaw A Clatk. Biddef rd,
Maine, or Chicago, Ills. [Dec. 22. 65—ly
-.i.sv A MONTH! Agents wanted
• A M ' for sir entirely new articles, ju-t out.
i Address 0. T. GAkEY. City Building Bi ideford,
Maine |P< SB. ••-—ly
WICHARD LEO,
Manufacturer of
CABINET-WARE, CHAIRS, AC.,
BEDFORD. PA..
The undersigned being engaged in the Cabinet
making business, will make to order and keep on
I hand everything in his line of manufacture.
BUREAUS, DRESSING STANDS, PARLOR AND EXTEN
SION TABLES, CHAIRS, BEDSTEADS. WASH
STANDS, Ac., AC.,
will be furbished at all prices, and to suit every
taste. COFFINS will also be made to order,
i attention paid to all orders for work.
-Shop on West Pitt Street, nearly opposite
! the residence of George Shuck.
July 10. 1563. —tf RICHARD LEO
OYES! O YES!
WILLIAM DIBERT. AUCTIONEER.
i The subscriber having taken out license as an
auctioneer tenders his services to all his old friends.
Persons desiring an auctioneer will find it advau
lageous to give him their patronage.
Post Office address. BEDFORD. Pa.
; Jan 19. "66-3 m WM DIBERT
rfIERMS for every description of Job
I PRINTING CASH! for the reason that for
every article we use. we must pay cash; and the
■ cash system will enable us to do our work as low
as it can be done in th- cities
M AMMOTH SALE BILLS, print
ed at short notice. Large Bills make large
sales. We know it to be so. TRY IT! It will
much more than pav the extra expense of print
ing Call at THE (XAZKTTE JOB OFFICE
H rpHE Lf>cal circulation of the BED-
I FORD GAZETTF. is larger than that of any other
y pappr in this s ction ol oouotjy. and therefore of
er*"he" greyest -inducements to business men to
fdvertise in its columns.
?hr 'ilftlfoTtl feftlr.
The Central Directory.
V TEXAN'S TESTIMON Y.
<*!. I'orshpy lie tore the Committee oil
ItecoiiNl ruction.
On tin 1 application of the Hon. Itcv
i only Johnson, of Maryland, Col. For
i shev, of Texas, was summoned to ap
; pear before the Committee, to testify to
the condition and disposition of the
"States lately in rebellion."
SWORN BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE
COMMITTEE.
<I. Of what.State are you a resident,
and how long? A.I have resided twelve
years in Texas?
Q. From what Statedidyou emigrate
to Texas? A.I claim to be a Virgin
| ian, though chiefly reared in Ohio,
j whither my father removed from Yii
| ginia in mv childhood; 1 received my
1 collegiate education al Kcnyon < 'ollego,
'Ohio, my military and scientific el
j enients at West Point; mylifeof mau
: hood has been passed in Louisiana and
1 Texas.
j O- Have you been in the rebel ser
| vice, and in what way ? A. ! have ser
; veil during the war—was Lieutenant
| Colonel of Engineers, chiefly engaged
j in the defenses west of the Mississippi.
A. What knowledge have you of the
condition and disposition of the people
of the States lately in rebellion against
the United States? I think 1 have
pretty good knowledge a> to the tiiree
j Siuuli-western States, in which my ac-
I (jUiiintitnee is very extensive, and, per
i Imps may assume to have a fair degree
j of general knowledge as to the other
! ( onfederateStates; at'ieasr I have made
I the matter a continual subject <>f injui
ry and ol>servati()n,and without know-
J ing the kind rf infornmtiou desired,
; will answer when I can.
IJ. What is the State of puoiic order
i and obedience to the United Stotcs au
thorities in Texas, and tin* other relates
jot which you have knowledge? .V.
Good order and obedience are univer
j sal in Texas and elsewhere, as 1 believe.
It has never been otherwise it. Texas,
unless possiblyoti the Rio 'Grande fron
tier there may be occasional exceptions
among the turbulent characters that
■ have no special habitation either side
jof the border.
| (2- Please state whether that good or
j deryou describe is due to the prest nee
| and authority of the United States
j troops, and whether, upon their remo
-1 vat. there would not be disorder and
j disloyalty ? A. It is certainly in no
i degree due to the presence of troops.
| In fact, any exception- to the remark
| may be Imputed to the irritating fact
i that soldiers are about. Their remo
val would be everywhere a public bles-
I sing, unless needed on the frontier to
j guard against Indians or Mexican rob
t hers.
f2. Why do you say "irritating," are
! they not well behaved? A. Generally
i they are, but their presence is under-
I stood as an emblem of our submission.
I Every bayonet is a symbol of our sub
jugation, and is viewed its an evidence
i that our surrender and parole are not
! received in good faiih. We need 110
i watching, and naturally dislike the
i guards that watch us.
1 <j. Would loyal im-n bo wife anions
j you without Federal protection? A.
j All men were safe before there was any
Federal authority among n>. After
the surrender we were months without
officers or law. A mi'itaryorder vaea
! ted or annulled all official functions,
j and deprived us of every species of lo
| era! restraint, and for months furnished
i no substitute for the authority suppres
i sed. Troops have not at any time roach
ied our interior generally, and yet,
{ throughout the vast area of Texas, just
| replenished by the return of fifty thou
i sand disbanded soldiers, there was much
respect for rights and morals as in any
! Northern State or elsewhere. I regard
i it as a great test of our civilization; I
! wish the fact to be put on record in our
; favor. Thesame was true, as 1 believe,
in most of the Southern States. N >ta
single resistance to Federal authority
has overtaken place to the present day;
j and when it is considered that nearly a
i half a million of men have just return
i ed from a conflict of four years, in
which they have fought for national
I life and honor, we think they should
claim a respect that should removesen
i tinels and disband the armies, white
and blaek, that watch us.
Q. Is it generally believed that tlie
troops are kept to humiliate the people?
A. Perhaps that would too strongly ex
press it. They feel it calculated to hu
miliate, and that those who order it are
I reckless of this fact. We believe it to
beobvioustoall, both North and South,
that negro troops placed to guard their
late masters, are viewed with repug
nance and proper indignation by every
i man, woman and child of true spirit
in the South; andsomeof the military
treatment of tlu* South is accepted by
them, its intended to degrade them.
Q. Have negro troops been sent as ;
garrisons in Texas? A. Fortunately I
they have not. On the frontier they
have been sent in great numbers, but
we have very little population there
and do not feel it! At Galveston they
have had them, but only passing to or
from other service. I fear that the re
sults would have been serious had they
been generally sent through Texas.
There are some things our returned
soldiers would not bear, and I believe
that is one. The question as to the
safety of loyal men I have not fully an
swered. From the time of surre&dor
BEDFORD. PA.. FRIDAY MORNINCf, JUNE 22. 1866.
there were agents and drummers, cot- j
ton buyers from the Northern States all
over Texas; anil at this time 'hey and
other emigrants and travelers from the
loyal States, so-called, probably num
ber thousands in Texas. In no case
have been interrupted so far as I
know. If there hate been exceptions,
t hey were doubtless he result of ini |>ru-
dent meddling, or censorious language.
This will provoke in< ividual retort and
chastisement any whtrein Texas. Those
who mind their owi business will be
unmolested. It is oicof our habits to
mind our own busitiss, and to expect
and require it of otters. i\'c are glad
to receive men ,vh< bring capital to
help us revive our siattered fortunes,
and do not ere *!ience they come.
I believe these remsrks hold good for
all the late Confedeate States.
Q. Do your peopb view the Frecd
men's Bureau as a vduahle and useful
institution, and p rot table in the re-.es- j
tablishufent of negn labor? They do !
not. According to my own observa
tion and the testimmy of acquaintan
ces, with whom 1 livve just compared
views, from fivedistant port ions of our
great Stave, the influence of the Freed
iiion's Bureau is universally pernicious,
and the institution is viewed by the
people, almost unanimously, as a nui
sance. This remark applies, too, ac
cording to my information, to other
States.
Why so? A. Fir various causes; j
the Bureau is administered, as far as I j
can learn, by persons naving noknowl- I
edge of our people, or of tne negroes ; j
they are nearly all imported from adis- i
tance, and are antagonistic in feeling |
to the petipl', a nil self-sufficient a- to j
their duties, ami their despotic power |
seems to have turned their heads: even !
when well dispo.-ed and conscientious,
they are -o profoundly ignorant of the '
subject they have to deal with, as to
excite ridicule; in Texas we have been
unfortunate euougit in the chief
of the Bureau, who was a fanat-.
ie.il, and exceedingly - -if- u.ficieat
man ; ic- began by preaching to the ne
groes, and offending society by his so
cial treatment of them: we don't need ;
missionaries to tench us social relations
ox - a labor system; and he offended us
by bis arrogance, and turned the heads
of the poor ignorant negroes.
(J. Could you manage the institution j
better yourselves? Would your peo
ple deal fairly and humanely by the
negroes? A. The institution is offen
sive in itself, and a nuisance in.prac
tice. If left to ourselves we would re
ject it as the only management it dc.
serves. We would probably pass but
f'-w laws relating to the late slaves, that
would not apply to the whites; and as
to fair treatment, the best and only real
friend the negro has on earth, is his
old master. This the poor deluded
creatures are fast discovering, and ma
ny thousands are returning to their for-'
iner homes, tired of the freedom thrust
upon them, which they n< ver sought.
Q. How would you better the mat
ter? Would the people return the ne
gro to slavery? A. There i- no such
intent or disposition anywhere to re
enslave the n gr >. Til-v' regard that
as an entirely settled question. and im- !
possible if they desired it. It wouid
be presumption on my part to submit
ix plan extemporaneously upon which
our people would work. I can give
you only the views of a privnre citizen,
who ha. never been in, or ..-pired to
political position. ) would suggest,
(and believe it would find favor with
our people, -terii legislation as should
compel all men to comply with their
own contracts for service, in kind, at
least for one year, under penalty of
working on public road- without wa
ges. All men nearly wouid bargain
with and treat them justiy, and most
men even kindly. The reported an
tagonism which fills northern Radical
paper- is not merely exaggerated. It is
manufactured out of wnole cloth —it is
false. No sue!) antagonism exists; and
collisions have > xvurred only, within
my own knowledge, where negroes
have been stimulated to impudence and
hostility by opinions* of soldiers or a
geiitsot* the Freed men's Bureau. This
will never be tolerated.
O. Have the freednieu gone to work
in Tex,is? and on what terms? A. 1
am informed that they have generally
since the Ist of .January. Fp to that
time they had a vague expectation of:
something more than a freedom, which
had only deprived 'them of homes.
Finding that nothing hut work would
get bread, they have hired generally at
good wages; men at ss p, si.?, and wo
men at s-I to si? per month, they, clo
thing themselves. Some planters have
hired by giving a share of the crop, I
one-fourth to one-third.
(J I-there a disposition to educate
and Christianize them ? A. We would;
first endeavor to find bread and clothes i
for them. I think no one would oppose
their getting an education for them
selves likeother poor people. It Would
doubtless be well if they could read the
Bible, which has hitherto been taught
them gratuitously. It will he well if
the negro can maintain the moral and
religious teachings he has enjoyed. I
have no hope of it myself; as lie will
have to keep himself, and has neither
disposition nor capacity to ameliorate
1 the condition of His race. He has no
; history, no tradition, nothing without
[ or within, to stimulate pride; no aspi
ration above the service of the master
race. Heretofore his master has fur
nished him religious instruction, to the
extent that one.single denomination,
the Methodist Church, south, rtpoften
j menibershipof hundreds ofthousands.
This is at an end now. They will have
to pay for their own religious teachings
like other poor people.
(J. Have they capacity to learn? A.
To some extent they have. The little
children learn rapidly torjadand write.
But their capacity is limited, I think.
They are imitative, but without ambi
tion. They will learn, but cannot ap
ply their learning.
Has this not been caused by their
long degradation in slavery? Will
they not now have sufficient stimulus
to produce a different result? A. We
believe not. In fact we view the whole
mutter from a tand-point so different
from that of northern men, that there
is little room for debate.
Q. Will you state whether you are
not a believer in slavery, and whether
most southern men share . our opinion?
|A. Emphatically >o. I believe that so
| far from the ix lack man's degradation
j by slavery, he was exalted by it, and
that to the best condition he has ever
enjoyed, and to the best of which, as a
a race, he is capable. For some thou
sands of years he has been in contact
with white civilizations, and has ever
aspired to serve the master race. He
seeks the menial employments, wher
ever he is found. Even in northern
States, after half a century of freedom,
I find him no where teaching your
| schoo's. filling your pulpits or h-gisia
j tive hails: but blacking your boots and
j cleaning your stable- and ditches. By
| appropriating him to this department
j and to manual industry, taking hisser
j vice and paying him by thinking and
; providing for him, we believe we
served (tod and the cause of humanity.
And a- the questions have led to this
point, plea-;- to indulge me in reciting
; some of the evidence that my research
jes have furnished, that this people
have seen their IKS' condition and will
never flourish again.
<}. Certainly—proceed. A. Utircen
sus takers furnish industrial and vital
statistics from which there is no appeal.
They -how three point- that I will
i state from memory.
1. The free blacks in the northern
Mate-, in .-pit-eof the continual supplies
from the South, decreased, in the la.-t
decennial period, nearly eight percent,
in numbers.
?. The five blacks of the Southern
States increased about as much, making
a difference of sixteen per cent., while
the slave blacks by his side increased
twenty-four per cent, in numbers.
Taking, then, the axiom of political
science, that the reproductiveness of a
people i- the most ifnfailing evident*
,if t h<l>• W.i'iul .-•mlitixn, tl,( KIUVV blm-h
lias been in a better condition than any
other people, white or black, on {in
continent. It is to this conclusion thai
you may imputeourtenacityin defend-
I ing the system. Our experience had
! taught us how to consult the best inter
est of both races, and we found their
i in precise harmony; believed the black?
were designed by Providence a- a sup
plement to the white race, and that to
this institution, in part, we owed thx
higher civilization we claimed.
Q.. Ph-ase define what you mean by
j "higher civilization ?" A. The prideoi
■ character, the chivalrous tone and tin
! liberality 7 and hospitalities oi* our peo
ple; the broa 1 views and great genius
| of our public men; the delicacy, mod
( sty. refinement, and yet .he lofty spir
it of our women. We had a society
| without gossip, envy or fanaticism; a
, population of millions without beggar
or paupers. Whet hex* this was a high
civilization, is matter of opinion. Cer
tainly it had a different ty, 'and nn<
| which would not longer hannnnizt
with yours; and hence the necessity
as we believed, of separation.
Q. Then you were a Secessionist orig
inally? A. No, I wa- a revolutionist
j and this merged, in my view, all minoi
j questions of;aSiatc's right to secede. Tin
: right of a people to change their ruler.-
and their form of government wa-
I que-.ionableonly with tyants, and such
' I wa- ready to resist, from the date of
Mr. Lincoln's election.
<J. Was this the general view of Tex
an-. or were there many who opposed
A. There were many who vo-ed a
gainst secession, but a large majority
for it. Ido not remember the differ
ence. Bat after the vote was taken
and the re.-ult declared, the people wen
nearly a unit in support of the mean-re,
Q. There were then not many loyal
i people in Texas. A. They were almost
I unanimously loyal—that is, to theii
' Government-. A few men of infiuenct
; and character left the State under tin
influence of the President'.- proclama
tion, giving forty days for departure;
| and a few men who had wielded in
| ffuence, but-opposed, its was understood,
1 to the Government.
<J. Wen* such persons safe?
A. Xot entirely so. An expression
I of their opposition would have endan-
I gered the best of them. They received
such epithets as southern sympathizers
in your northern States, hut were not
so generally published. Some were ar
' rested.
(>. Were many put to death?
A. None that I kuowof. 11 was stat
e 1 that, on the frontier, some were hung.
I was not in service in that quarter, and
| such obituaries were not likely to be
| published.
Q. Are they safe now in returning?
A. M my have returned, and I believe
• all are unmolested. Generally they
are not much respected. Some are now
■ in the Convention. One is Governor.
, i U. What portion of the Convention
is are known as Union men? A. i am not
VOL. 61.-WHOLE No. 5,353
informed. I have seen astatenient thai
eleven were what we term Radicals.
Q. What will your Convention prob
-1 ably do? A. I believe they will acquiesce
j in all that has been prescribed to States
j reorganizing, viz: the abolition ol
I slavery by the Government of the U
nited States; the surrender of seces
sion; the repudiation of the Confeder
ate debt, and the recognition of civi;
rights in the late slave.
Q. Will the people of Texas probably
| prepare for the enfranchisement of th<
negro, or such of them as may mee'
■ certain qualifications of property an*"
intelligence? A. Never, as I believe.
1 They hold to a distinction of race tha'
, they haven repugnance to compromise.
They da not believe in the capacity ol
{the negro for republican citizenship.
! and if they did, will not consent to af
filiate with him. In this they are prob
| ably as stubborn as the people of tin
I North, w'li j, like them, feci the repug
nance of the race that God has planted
' in our mstincts.
(>. You stated in the former partof your
t- stiinony, tliar the census tables exhil.-
; it a great disparity in the reproductive
' power of thenegro in freedom and slav
i ery. Ph-ase state to the Conimitte*
i how you account for the difference. A.
| The difference between the free blacks,
North and South, is chiefly due to cli
mate, I believe; the tropics being tin
native clime of the negro. But it may
i be partially due to the readiness with
which ail destitution is relieved at tin
South. A- before, we have no poor
i h Discs and no beggars. The different*
between the free and -live blacks i
: chiefly due to two special causes. Tin
care we take of infants, and the protec
tion of the marriage relation in slavery.
The discipline and police of the planta
tion, enforce faithfulness in husband
and wife, and secures, a- a consequence,
tin prolificacy of families. There i>
little continence in theraee. free or slave,
and no pride of chastity. Promiscuous
commerce is fatal to fecundity. Tliis
is recognize*! almost universally by
tiiosc wiio know them weli by close ob
i servation. Negro mothers are proverb
! iallv reckle— of, and cruel to, tlieir off
| spring.' Blacks, whether infant or a
dult, have litrleof the vital force to re
sist disease that whites have. When
they get sick, unless well eared for, they
! die. The owner's interest in his slave
I land possibly a little sense of duty and
i humanity i prompts him to take care ol
every life. Nurseries are established
on plantations, supervised by the doe
tor and the mistress, that save the lives
of infants. The mother only comes to
| nurse her child, and is too happy to be
, riu of further care, cflie has little ot
tile affection for her young that charac
terizes white mothers, or many of the
lower animals. Her devotion to the
children of her mistresses is often far
greater than to her own. These facts
will explain why the negroes lately e
| mancipated are dying so fearfully.—
They have to thank the einancipat* r
for taking tiie life of one of every four,
in this brief time; and the process will
cjntiuue,in spite of Faneuiland Exeter
I 1 lai!s. Civil Rights bills and theFreed
ineii's Bureau. Even the luxury of
voting would not save the race from tlie
doom of freedom and death.
Q. Has the mortality been so great as
represented? A. J believe it iias never
been exaggerate*!. I have seen it esti
mated at one-fourth the whole number,
and do not think it too great a figure.
Had slavery given as many stripes, all
Christendom would have been horri
fied. Emancipation, black with its
million graves, gets only paxms of praise
the world over. Time and history will,
we believe, ehangethesoug, despite the
j hurried records and willing testimony
of the Eossings, the Abbotts and the
i Bancrofts.
(>. Is the good order you represent in
the southern States the result of total
auandomiient of the struggle, oris it
from the temporary necessity of quiet.
Would the struggle he willingly re
sumed? A. Permit me to explain in re
ply to these queries. There is no inten
tion anywhere to renew the contest.—
Wiienwesurrcnderedand were paroled,
we did so in good faith and will keep
our parole as long as the conditions are
fulfilled. To doubt this, cto mistake
entirely the southern character. When
they surrendered they gave it up; and
; any doubt of their good faith is offen
sive. so much so that, personally, they
i will resent it. They surrendered as
• your equals upon honorable terms, and
I will keep faith to the letter, and fight
• those who doubt it.
Q. What did they give up? A. Their
! arms and the questions at stake.
Q. What were those questions, as you
j understood them? A. The right to a
j separate nationality and independence,
,on our part. A central government,
ignoring State rights, and the destrue
i tion of slavery, on the part of the Uni
! ted States.
Q. You speak of the terms of submis
sion. What terms do you mean? A.
Those stipulated in actual surrender,
of protection in person and property,
so long as we should obey the laws;
and those submitted by the President
of the United .States In his proclama
tions, and plan of reorganization. Thus
far we have endeavored to com ply with
all requirements, reasonable and op
pressive, and held our peace lost com
plaints might be misconstrued intodis
| loyalty, as they have been el cwhere.
Q. Is the present feeling the same a3
heretofore?
A. I think not. The return of good
feeling has been greatly repressed, I
th.nk, by 'thi rqjbutlbu of tucollitica
from states already reorganized. There
sjems to be a suspicion of bad faith,
and a fear that tliey have been decoy*
into thestepsth* y havetak* n,nnd much
apprehension. And should this be cor -
t nned after the Texas Representative s
g >t here, there will be, I fear, a grei t
revulsion of feeling.
Q. What will they do in that case?
A. I cannot answer. They cannot
resort to arms, because they have sur
rendered them. They are tired of war
and ut*"riy broken in fortunes, but
they are not without the spirit that
fee!- indignation at broken faith and
continued oppression.
Q. Incase of a war with any other
power how would your people act?
A. I cannot answer directly.
they not be admitted into the Union,
is exjiectcd, they certainly would not
eel called upon to resist the enemy. If
almitted, they want peace above all
lungs, and would not unite in an ag
*r*'ssive war upon Mexico, Canada, Cu
a, or any other nation. Incase of in
vasion -weeping over them, they would
vsist and do their whole duty, as they
aive heretofore done in two wars. But
hey desire peace, above all things, and
ake very lit tie interest in polities.—
riiey have gone to work to mend their
| fortunes, andare determined to prosper
whatever the political condition of the
country. They believe that the north
■rn State* nave possession of the Gov
rnriient and are determine*! at all
lazards to keep it. They therefore
ook to the support of their familes,
.nd are indifferent about general poli
tics. .So long as they can make a living
ui spite of the tax-collector, they may
>e quiet. But if the State should be
rejected, as the others have been, I
should ratherbuveariy other officethan
tax-gatherer. Taxation without rep
j e.-entatiou is tyranny, and they will so
I regard it in mv judgment.
Q. Do they expect admission at once
1 LO representation, atui will they elect
oyai men to Congress? A. If by loyal
| nen. you mean such as could take tl e
j ;est oath or iron-clad as they term it,
! iliey would not, generally. We have
iot respectable* material for that pur
| pose, if so disposed. One or two men,
such as Judge 11 meock and Judge E
v'ans, who have been spoken of for the
Senate and who have preserved their
integrity and respect of their people,
though disagreeing with tliein in the
matter of secession, might he elected
as a compromise; but they understand
an election as giving them a choice, and
they could not choose the men they
nave been lighting; and who have sid
ed in their subjugation.
Certainly they expect admission on
reorganization. us a part of the bond,
but will not be greatly disappointed at
a rejection, common to the other States.
If they are readmitted, they will deetn
it but in accordance with the plan they
|accepted in good faith. If not, there
are many who will say, "that is just
what we said before; we are out of the
Union;" and many would be very glad
of the result, if it could be done with
peace; perhaps three-fourths of the
state. But they all desire peace above
all things, and will do nothing to pro
voke further trouble. This they have
j amply proved by submitting to much
| unreasonable exaction as they think.
I i'he best, and I think the only method
j of staying the ebb tide of good feeling
; would be at once to withdraw all troops
from among the people of the South,
except at the coast and frontier garri
sons, to disband the entire negro force,
to abolish every vestige of the Preed-
I men's Bureau, and to admit the repre
sentatives of the revolutionary States,
i upon the single condition of their ta
lking the oath required by the Consti
tution. Time will, d lubtless, in this
1 case,assuage feelings that have been ti.o
intensely enlisted to subside at once.
Asa steamboat was about to start
j irom Cincinnati one day, a young man
•ameon board, leadingablushingdam
■ -el by the hand, and approai hing the
polite clerk, said in a suppressed voice:
"I say, meand my wife has just got
j married, and 1 am iooking for accom
| laudations."
"Looking for a berth ?" hastily in
i quired the clerk, as he passed a ticki t
to another passenger.
"A birtn! thunder and lightning,
no!" gasped the astonished man; "we
j haint but just got married—we only
want a place to stay ail night, you
i know."
A MAX got lipsy and indulged in a
j night's sleep in a country grave yard.
| Ha opening his eyes in the morning lie
noticed theinscription on a grave stone
—"He is not dead, but sleepeth."
"When lam de-ad," he remarked with
great deliberation, "I'll own up, and
have no such statement as that above
| my carcass."
Tn t: following advertisement ap
peared in one of our Western paper.- :
"Run Away—A hired man named
i John ; his nose turned up five feet ei;. lit
j inches high, and had on a pair of cor
duroy pants much worn."
_
IF you want to have a man for your
friend, never get the ill-will of his wife.
! Public opinion is made up of the aver
age prejudices of womankind.
, .V KI'KAL editor, arriving in the city,
' came to the conclusion that there were
two things that were made to be lost
—sinners and umbrellas.
A newly arrived Irishman inquired:
"Is it thrue, Pat, that wan man's as
good as another in this counthry ?"
"Vis, bejabers, and betthertoo."
WHAT a poor world this would be
without women and newspapers—how
would the news get about?
IF a man is "steeped in poverty.'*
won't it take all the strength out of
him?
"A'fhlKy-th/eS feet black saike w
recently killedieux Cairuiitou,4ll. .