TERMS OF PUBLICATION.
THE BEDFORD GAZETTE is published every Fri
day morning by MEYERS A MENGEL, at $2 00 per
annum, if paid strictly tn advance ; $2.50 if paid
within six months; $3.00 if not paid within six
months. All snhsrnptian accounts MUS Tbe
srtt'ed ai'iitially. No paper will be sent out of
the State unless paid for IN ADVANCE, and all such
subscriptions will invariably be discontinued at
the expiration of the time for which they are
paid.
AH ADYERTIFEMFNTS for a less term than
three months TEN CENTS per line for each In
sertion. Special notices one-half additional AM
resoluti ns of Associations; eommunic tions of
limited or individual interest, and notices of mar
riages and deaths exceeding five line, ten cents
per line. Editorial notices fifteen cents per line.
All lega! fSutices of terry kind, a,id Or/dm its'
Conrt and Judicial Hairs, are reauirrd by law
to be /u,/dished in. both papers /•■"/dished in this
place.
Ljf* All advertising due after first iusertion.
A liberal disc unt is made to persons advertisine
by the quarter, half year, or year as follows
3 months, 6 months I year,
♦tine square - - - $4 50 sij 00 $1(1 00 ;
squares - - - I N 000 16 tin
Three squares ... $ no (2 no 2o no
Quarter column - - 14 00 20 IMI 35 00
Half column - - - Is oo 25 uO 45 on
One column .... 3g oo 45 00 fill 00
♦One square to occupy one inch ot apace
JOB PRINTING, of every kind, doue with
neatness LLFM J dispatch. THE GAZETTE OFFICE has
jR A I been refitted with a Power Press and new type,
and everything in the Printing line can be execu
ted in the most artistic manner and at the lowest
rates.— TERMS CASH
Up-' All letters sh -uM be addr Ito
MEYERS A MENGEL.
I'ubli.-hers.
at £nu\
I OK LP II \Y. TATE. ATTORNEY
• I AT LAW. BEDFORD. PA. will promptly
attend to collections of bounty, hack pay. Ac.,
and nli business entrusted to his care in Bedford
and adjoining counties
C ish advanced on judgments, notes, military
and other claims.
II is tor sale. Town lots iu Tatesville, where a
•'■oil Church is erected, and where a large School
House shall be built. Farms, Land and Timber
L-HveMrum one acre to 500 acres to suit pur j
chasers.
Ofli.-e nearly opposite the "Stengel 11 el" and ;
Bank of Reed <fc Schell.
April fi. lsfiti^-ly
.1 MOD. SHARPS. E F. KERR.
OHAIU'K V KERR. ATTORNEYS!
AT LAW BEDFORD, PA., will practice in I
the courts of Bedford and adjoiningeouuties Of
fice on Juliana st.. opjiosite the Banking House of
!' I A Schell I March 2. K.
J R. HFRBOUROW. | JOHN LCTZ. j
TA URB<> BR ') W A LI*T Z. !
j[ f ATTORNEYS AT LAW. BEDFORD, PA , j
\Vill attend promptly to all business intrusted to j
their care. Collections made on the shortest no- ;
tiee.
They are. also, regularly licensed Claim Agents
and will give special attention to the prosecution
of claims against the Government for 'Pensions.
B ick Pay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac.
Office on Juliana street, one door South of the
••Mengel House," and nearly opposite the Inyn'rcr ;
■
JOHN P. BEEB, ATTORNEY AT
r I LAW. BEDFORD. PA Respectfully tenders j
his services to the pnhlic.
office second door North of the Mengel House.
Bedford. Aug. 1. 1861.
JOHN RALMER, ATTORNEY AT
ef LAW. BEDFORD, PA. Will promptly attend |
to all business entrusted to his care.
Particular attention paid to the collection of j
Military claims. Office on Juliana Street, nearly
Opposite the Mengel 11 one.
Bedford. Aug. 1. 1861.
JN3PY M. ALBIP, ATTORNEY A T
I j LAW. BEDFORD. PA. Will f iirhfully and
j roiuptly attend to all business entrusted to hi.
c ire in Bedford and adjoining counties. Military !
claims, b ick pay, bounty. Ac., speedily collected. j
Offi e with Alann A Spang, on Juliana street,
two doors Sou'h of the Mengel House.
.! IS. 22. Is 14.
F M. KIXXELL. | J W. UNGENFELTER. '
KIMMELL & LINGENFELTER, I
\TTOKNEYS AT LAW. BEDFORD. PA . !
Hive formed a partnership in the practice of
the Law Office on.lulianu -trect. two doors south
of the -Mengel House." 1
/ 1 11. SPAN<t, ATTORNEY AT
\ I # LAW. BEDFORD. PA Will promptly at
tend to collections and nil bupinc?"* to
his c >re in Bedford and Hdjininjj counties
Office GII Juliana Street, three d><r* south ot the
••Mengel House." opposite tlie residence oi Mr.
Tate.
May 13, IBM.
B. P. MEYERS | J. W. DICKERSOX.
\ I EYEJLS A- DR'KERSON, AT-
I j TORN EYS AT LAW. Bedford Pa. office!
-nne a- formeily occupied 6v Hon. Y\ P. .-''hell,
two doors en-t of the GAZETTE office will practice
in the several courts of Bedford county. Pensions,
bounty and i ack pay obtained and the purchase
and sale of real < state attended to j may 11.
JOHN U. FILLER, Attorney at Law,
ft Bedford. Pa. Office near'y opposite the Post
Office [*pr.20,"66.—1y.
i'hitsicians anil Hcntioto.
|) 11. PK.NNSYL. M. IL, BLOODY
I ,Riv Pa . I >teswrgeoo Mtk P. V.1i.,) ha*
<i r-his professional servioes to the people of that
place and vicinity. Dee. '22 ho—ly*
R W. JAMISON, M. D., BLOODY
\\ , a 1 \. I'., teoders his professional servi
<•>■- to the p* ople of that place and vicinity, 'tffice
otic door west of Richard Langdon - -tore.
Nov. 24. '65 —ly
nil. J. L. MARBOURG, Having
permanently located, respectfully tenders ;
1 :• professional services to the citizens of Bedford
and vicinity _ . ;
Office on Juliana street, east side, nearly opposite
the Banking Houie of Reed A Schell.
Bedford. February i 2, 1864.
C N.HICKOK, | J. O. XI.NNICU. JR., •
nENTI 3 T 8 ,
BEDFORD, PA.
Office in the Bank Building. JulialiH St.
AH operations pertaining to Surgical or Me
chanical Dentistry carefully performed, and war
ranted.
T FILMS —CASH
Bedford. January 6, 1h65.
gatkftt.
JL| B HEED. j A- J -
1 ) FED AXI) SCHELL,
I I Bankers and
1 > EA LE 11 .8 1NEX(II ANG E,
BEDFORD. PA..
DRAFTS bought and wild, collections made and
money promptly remitted.
Deposits solicited.
i. w. RtPP O E. SHANNON ..F. BENEDICT
I) ERR, SHANNON &CO., BANK
1\ ERS, BEDFORD, PA.
BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT. f
COLLECTIONS made for the East, WesL North
and BoUtb. and the general business of Exchange j
trnn-auled. Notes and Accounts Collected and
Uciiiittanees pr<>(np ! 'y made. REAL EsIATL.
bought and sold. Oct. 20, 156.) j
-rtlisrrUancous.
I V A.NIEL BORDER,
1 f PITT STREET, TWO HOOKS WEST OF THE BED- ■
FORH HOTEL. BEDFORD. PA.
WATCHMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL
RY. SPECTACLES. AC.
if' keeps on baud a stock t fine Gold and Sit
■ r W itches. Spectacles of Brilliant Double Re-
I Gileses, also Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold
Witch Chains, Breast Pins. Finger Rings, best
quality of Gold Pen -. He will supply to order
*i'.v thing iu his line not on hand.
OR. 20. 1865-
UF. IRVINE,
, ANDERSON S BOW, BEDFORD. PA..
Deiler in R .its. Shoes. Oueensware. and Varie
t t-s troin Country Alerchants re
-spectfally solicited.
. ®J 20, 1865,
J ) B. ANDERSON,
ftemxed Scrivener mid Conveyancer,
CENTRFVILLF., BKDFORD ROLNTV. pi..
*'il attend to the writing of Deeds, Mortgages.
'- se-. Articles of Agreement, and all business
u -uliv iraiisaccd by a Scrivener and C 'Uveyan
' '' Patronage uf the public is respectfully
Q, '(jQ-tf.
♦ . m
BY MEYERS & MENGEL.
itarclirave. &R.
W*. IHRTI.Pt ) <S. S. IHETZGEH.
H-ARTLEY A METZGER having
f'ontieil TI partnership, on TBE Ist day of
Anril. 1*66. in th.- HARDWARE and FARM
WACHFS ER 1 TRADE, new invite the pub
lic to examine their mammoth sleek. whi< h they
will sell at low figures, for cash. fnpr.27.'66.
I RON* AND NA 11 .S at LOW.-SR ixtsh
1 price> S ut HARTLEY A MET/.GF.H *
PAINTS, frc-h, durable and beauti
ful: Dure Liberty White Load: Penn Treaty
White Lea ft; MmsLui While Lead; China Gloss
turpentine; Flxseed Oil: Copal and Detour Y#r
nish; BRUSHES of all kitids. tor saie cheap, at
HARTLEY A METKGAR'S.
/ * RAIN ANDG It ASS SCYTHES,
\ F Sneds and Harvesting Implements in Sreat
varietv. and at all I riees. f r sale at
HARTLEY A METZGER S
LA " ("MI WASHING M ACH I N ES
• '• * and the great anti-Cog-Wheel Wringer,
NOW ON exhibition at HARTLEY K METZGER'*.
Call and see this invention before purchasing else
where.
OPRING TOOTH RAKES, GUM
I • Spring Grain Drills. IMPUT ED Cider Mills,
Eureka Fodder and Straw CutTers. for sale at
IIARTI.K\ A MKTZGER'S.
HOUSE KEEPERS will find at
Hartley T Metzger'S Store a grea' varietv of
household Hardware : Knives and Fork-. Spoons of
elegant quality. Ladles, single or in sets. Shovels
"nd Tongs. Waiters. lea Bells. Scissors Meat Saws,
Carvers. Paring Knives. Brushes. Waffle Irons,
Griddles: Gridirons, Brass. Porcelain and Iron Ket
tles. Iron Pots, Tubs. Buckets. Baskets, Brooms.
Slaw Cutters, Ac., Ac. Stove Polish. Rotten Stone,
anti a hundred little "ktiiek knacks' ' that we can't
afford to enumerate. It would be easier to tell
what we don'T keep than what we do.
RPHE CLEAREST, BRIGHTEST,
S Best. Safest and Purest, and lor these reasons
t'oe Cheapest Co at Oil in Bedford, may always be
had at TL rtleyA Metzger's. You who have never
used any other than the -common truck."' try it,
compare it! and you will always go to Hartley's.
Coal GIL Lamps in brilliant profusion, and great
I iriety. very cheap at Hartley's, also, Wick, Lamp
Tops. Ac. Coal Oil Lamps repaired.
- / KGREENCASTLE GRAIN CRA-
S/' F DLES. Natural beet ringers will be re
ceived by Hartley A Metzger, who are exclu
sive agents for Bedford county. Order soon.
J>U< K-EYE REAPERS and MOW-
I 5 ERS. with all the new improvemen T, among
Whi II is the wonderful Dramming invention. Also,
a few Farmer Mower* for sale by Hartley A
Metzger. Order -oon as the supply is short for
this season.
1> AUN I H> 11 ROLLERS, of the
) most improved pattern, track ami ail EOM
dicte. cheaper and better than hinges, for -ale at
HARTLEY A METZGER S.
DEMI-JOHNS, for Mint-nil Water,
at HARTLEY A METZGER S
1 WISHING TACKLE— Rods, Hooks,
Lines, Ac.. AC. Shot GUPS, Powder. Shot,
Caps. Ac. at Hartley A Metzger's.
- i k BEKKA <iRIXI>ST<)X and
ll F and Fixtures, at Hartley A Metzger*
IJATENT WHEEL GREASE; the
J best White-wash. Black ing arid Scrub Brush
es in town, at Hartley A Metzger's.
/ 1 ( ) TO 11A RTLE Y.V M KTYA iER'S
I X to get your money buck.
L - IN I inn DUE AND WAN-
Ol'',' 'UU TED— Old Merchants say:
it is necessary to quit business in order to settle
up ; that many people are so mean, after you have
credited them, that when you try toget your hon
est dues from them, they will "shy I ff,' and spend
their money, or run up accounts, at other stores,
and you will 10-e their custom
I don't want to quit business I must have
money I have been indulgent. I want every
man AN I woman who owes me by book account OR
note to pav ine now. I don t want them to act
mean and • shy off " Stand up to the counter like
men' Pay if you can If you can't pay, setilc
sojie WAV." I "will sue only those who don't want
to PA* and quit me because I dun them.
Let -ill ■■iineerned call at once to settle. I hank
t'UL to a generous public for tneir patronage. 1
hope TH-'V will favor the new firm of Hartley A
Metzger who will do right.
apr.27. | Ke-J.eetfuliy, MM. HAHFLEL •
GF-O. 111-! IF ! EK. | JOHN F. Ft.! XTER.
/ T EORG E BLY MY E R AB4 >N
\ I having formed a partnership, on the 6th of
March. 1856. in the
HARDWARE V HORSE EUR SIS H JAR
BUS I.SEES,
respectfully iuvite the public tothuirncv. rfiux.
three doors west of the old stand, where they will
find an immense stock of the most splendid goods
ever brought to Bed ford county. Tbcs" goods
will he sold at the lowest J s-ible pri es. Persons
desirous of purchasing BI ILDING lIAKDW ARE
will timl it to their advantage to give us a call.
WHITE LEAD.— We have on hand large
quanti.y of White Lead, which we have been for
iunate to buy a little lower than tbe market rate.-.
The particular bramts to which ive would invite
attention, are the
Rare Buck Lend.
RUn rty W/iitt 1., ad.
Hnow Franklin White Dead,
Washington I Chile lead,
Washington '/.inc White Bead.
\i w fork White Bead.
ALSO: — French Porrelam Finish;
Be mar Varnish;
Varnishes of all kinds.
Flaxseed Oil, ( pare )
Turpentine and Alcohol.
.411 kinds of IRON and NAILS.
No. 1 CIIRYSTAL ILLUMINATING COAL
OIL.
LAMPS in profusion.
We would invite persons wanting Saddlery
Hardware, to give us a call, as we have every
thing in the Saddlery line, such as Buckles,
King-. Jlames and Webbing Leather of all kinds:
also a variety of Shoe Findings, consisting of
French Calf Skins. Morocco Linings. Bindings,
Pegs, etc.
Housekeepers will find at Blyroyer A Son s
-tore a great variety of household goods. Knives
and Fork of the very best quality; Plated Table
and Tea Spoons at all prices.
Give us a call and we can supply you with Barn
Door Rollers, the latest improvements; Nova Scot a
Grindstones, better than any in use; Shovels,
Forks and Spades.
Grain and Grass Scythes and Snathes; pishing
Tackle; Brushes of all kinds: Demi-Johns; P atent
Wheel Grease. Tar and Whale Oil, and an infinite
variety of articles.
S2O not) U ANTED — Would like toget ii if our
friends would let us have it. Less will do: but
ncrsmis having unsettled ace mills will close theiu
up to the firsilif March, to enable u- to close our
old books. This should be done.
may 4.'66. GEO. BLYM4 ER A SON.
(.5 -i U V RER YEAR! We want
I A* )' ' ' ' agents every where to sell our
TUl'ROVEt!s2t> Sewing Machines. Three new kinds.
L'l.der and upper feed. Warranted (FT-e years. —
Above salary or large commis-ions paid. The ONLY
machines sold in the United States for less than
$46. which are fully licensed by Howe. Wheeler 6/
IV it sou. Grove r it Biker. Singer \ Co., nml
ISncJteliler. All other cheap machines are in
fringeme -ls, and tbe seller or user are liah'e to
arrest. fine, and imprisonment Circulars free.
Address, or call upon shaw A Clatk. Biddef rd,
Maine, or Chicqgo, Ills. [Dec. 22. 65— ly
I MONTH! AL'ents wanted
M } FOR sir entirely new article*, just out.
Ad tress 0. '1 . GAKEY, City Building. Biddeford,
Maine [Dec. 22. 65 ly
L) ICHAKD LEO,
Manufacturer of
CABINET-WARE, CHAIRS, AC.,
BEDFORD. PA.,
The undersigned being engaged in the Cabinet
making business, will make to order and keep on
hand everything in his line of manufacture.
BCREAI S. DRESSING STANDS, PARLOR AND EXTEN
SION TABLES, CHAIRS, BEDSTEADS, WASH
STANDS, A(\, kC.,
will be furnished at all prices, and to suit every
taste. COFFINS will also be made to order.
attention paid to all orders for work.
on West Pitt Street, nearly opposite
the residence of George Shuck.
July 10, 1863.— tf RICHARD LEO.
MERCHANTS' SHOW BILLS,
printed in superior style, and upon reasona
bio turns, at IUL BLUE TOUT UAZLTI* oifiuo.
ohe T,f(Uovtl (iVinettc.
The Negro Bureau.
Unheard Of Cruelties Practised
by the '•Freedom Shriekei*S."
NEGROES SUSPENDED BY THE WRISTS.
OFFH tllCJ* AXI AC.'EXTS OF TliGlli -
KF II IS-S!.ti: .VERS" AMI
( <>TTO\ I'IUIIII ( ERS.
Ollielul Uepiirl ot the tioveriianoiii Cum
Thcloll.iwiiio- rc|> .rt coiiverniug the ;
oporation.- of lit" Ntrro Rureau in Vir
ginia and Nbrtii Carolina has boon for
warded to the War lJofiartment by Gon
eralsFuilorton andKU't'tlinan, wfto an
on a tour of inspection through tin*!
State- by order of the Gov
ernment :
WIL.M INOTON, N. <I ;
Tuesday, May 8, | i
Hon. K. M. Stanton, Seen far/f of War:
We have the honor to report that, in |
obedience to instructions of April 7 !
last, directing us to "Inspect and report \
upon the Freed men's Bureau in the j
Military Departments of Virginia,
North Carolina. South Carolina, Geor
gia. Alabama, Arkansas Mississippi,
Florida, Louisiana and Texas," that we i
have performed the dutv in the i >•- :
' I
partments of Virginia ami North Car-;
olina, and submit the following report i
of our observations. We deem it prop
er to communicate the r<;sult of our in
spection in these States before [troceerl-;
ing any further in the performance of'
the duty assigned to us.
It has been our duty to tiscertain, by ;
•a thorough and impartial investiga
tion, the manner in which the Bureau
has been administered and conducted
in these departments, and to observe i
the effect produced by it upon tlu* re- ■
lations between the wiilte ami bLtck ra
ces. In pursuing our investigations,
we have endeavored to arrive at the
truth, and we feel that we have suc
ceeded in so doing, by thoroughly ex
amining and conversing with repre
si-n tativesof all t lasses of people, white
and black, as well as officers on duty!
in the military service and in the Freed- i
men's Bureau in said States. We have j
visited all the towns and cities of any |
importance, and the headquarters of j
eaeh district of the Bureau in Virginia !
and North Carolina, and also taken ad
vantage of every opportunity to con
verse with and obtain the opinions;
with reference to the Bureau of citi- j
zens whom we have met on the -treets,
at the hotels, and while traveling in j
the cars. •
Vhymto.
There are on duty in Virginia tint
following numberof officers in fite mil
itary service, and of other por-on- em
ployed by or attached to ihe Bureau:
1 Colonel, - Lieutenant-! 'oionels, 8 M:i
jor.-, 1 Captain and t'omniis-ary of Sub
sistence. 9 ( aptains and Assistant Guar- j
ter-Masters, 19 Captains of the line,:
•Si First Lieutenants, two hundred
and thirty-three civilian 1 mployees,
classified as follows: As Clerks and Su
]ierint'-:i<ieiits i"'l, •iii-. p. i<t iverage
monthly wages, -S7S Ad; 1" As-istant,
Superintendents, paid average month
ly wages, !ss7; Ki:{ Laborers, paid aver
age monthly wage-. S1I7". in addi
tion to the foregoing, enlisted men in
the military service are employed as or
derlies, guards, etc., hut we were una
ble to procure the number so employ
ed; 9,000 freed met i received rations
from the Bureau in the month of .De
cember last; 10,-90 in the month of
January, and 9,03* in February.
The provision returns on which the ;
rations were issued, show :
I) t/ziV/'—M-n, 1,02 >: women, 2,7*9;!
children, 5,1*1. Total, 9,h:0.
January —Men, 1,215 ; women, 3,081;
children, 5,191. Total, 10,2<J0.
February —Men, 1,321; women, 3,- i
117; children, 5,407. Total, 9,938.
A majority of the freedmen to whom
tlii.- subsistence ha- been furnished, are
undoubted y able to earn a living if
they were removed to localities when
labor could be procured. The necessi
ty for issuing rations to this class of |
persons results from their accumula
tion in large number.- in certain places,
where the land is unproductive and the
demand for labor is limited. Aslongas
these people remain in their present lo
calities, the civil authorities refuse to
provide for theable-bodied, and areun
able to care for the helpless and desti
tute among them, owing to their great
number, and the fact that very few are
residents of theeounties in which they
have congregated during the war. The
necessity for the relief extended to these
people, both able-bodied and helpless, ;
by the Government, will continue so
long as they remain in their present
condition, and while rations are issued
to theable-bodied, they will not volun
tarily change their localities.to seek
places where they can procure labor.
The Commissioners bring no very
severe charges against the Bureau in
Virginia, but nevertheless recommend j
its abrogation.— Eds.]
Xar/h Carolina.
j Having completed our duties in Vir- .
■ ginia, we proceeded to the Department
of North Carolina and arrived at lta-,
leigh on the 23d of April.—Here we;
saw the Assistant Commissioner of the |
Bureau for said State, Col. E. Whittle-j
sey, and obtained from him the follow
ing information as to the numberof;
military officers and civilian? employed
and the number of freedmen to whom
rations have been issued since the Ist
of December lard in said State:
Couimi&Ruaul o&oers ia LUL xoiiita*
BEDFORD. PA.. FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 1. 1866
ry service: 1 Colonel, 1 Lieutenant
Colonel, 2 Majors, 17 Captains, B First
Lieutenants, * Second Lieutenants and
1 Chaplain.
Medical Department. —9 contract Sur
41'eons. pay per month, $190; 215 hospi
tal attendants, avcrajrepay per month,
si] 25; 18 civilian employes, agents,
clerks, etc.. at average pay per month,
*77 20; t laborer-, average pay per
month, *ll 99. In addition to the fore
going, enlisted men are detailed as or
derlies. guards. C'„ by commanding
officers of the different military posts
where otiieers of the Bureau are serv
ing. Rations ha ve been issued as fol-
Mc-11. W in- A. Children. T"IM
December. 518 2 465 3.679 6.662
January, 552 2,567 3.712 6,831
Februaiy, 36 2.276 3,507 6.146
March 321 2205 3,406 6,932
The same reasons that exist for issu
ing rations to the freedmen in Virgin
ia and the necessity Idrthe C'tutinuaucv?
of this relief apply to the freedmen of
North < arolina.
We found the feelinsf toward the Bu
reau much the same a* that stated a
prevaHingin Virginia, except that there
appears to hea more universal desire
in this department on the part of ail
classes to have it removed. This feel
ing is no doubt attributable to the mis
conduct of many of the officers of tin-
Bureau, such as working plantations,
running sawmills, manulacturing tur
pentine and tar, Ac., operations which
bring them armed with the authority
of official positions into competition
with the citizens who are employing
freedmen. We have investigated
some of the charges made against a
gt-nr- of the Bureau, and in pursuing
our inquiries to this point, commenced
with the Assistant Commissioner of;
the Stave, Col. E. Whittlesey, to whom
we addi'i ss,.-d the interrogatory: "Do
you know of any person in the milita
ry serv ice, now on duty with the Freed
men- Bureau in this department, \\ ho
is. or Ims been, since entering upon the
duties of his office, engaged or interes
ted, directly or indirectly, in the culti
vation of any lands within the Depart
ment?" lie answered "No." Subse
quently he addressed us a note hereto
appended, marked "A." in which In
stated that in order to assist the plan
ters in hiring freedmen and trying fair
ly tin- experiment of free labor, he and
some other officers of the Bureau had
loaned money and thus indirectly had
an interest in cultivating farms. On
receiving this note, we addressed Col.
Whittlesey further a
copy of which is hereto annexed, mark
ed "B," to which he replied in com
munication, also hereto appended,
marked "<<iis<T<i-i?>tr the lactthat he
is interested with the Rev. Horace
James, of Massachusetts, formerly Cap
tain and Assistant Quartermaster
Freedmen's Bureau, and with Mr.
Winthrop Tappan, of Maine, in tlie
cultivat ion of a large farm in Pitt coun
ty. N. C. Ih ai- i slated therein that :
( apt. F. A. Se ley, .Superintendent of
the Bureau of the Ea-tcrn I'i-trict of
N. ('., is interested in tin-cultivation of
a Plantation in Wayne County, N.
and that ( Y.pt. i-aae Roseeranz, I 'mii
i i i v of Sjjiisi.Gf-nce, is :n<-r: sted
with Air. Brook-in the cultivation of
a plantation in Pitt Co.. N. C.
From Raliegh we procet-di-d to Salis
bury. where we found MajorC. A.t'il-
Icy, Superintendent for the Bureau of
the Western District, embracing fifty
one eountie- of the state. Ihiserti-;
eient and competent officer has admin
istered the affairs of the Bureau within
his district with much ability and im
partiality. Weconferred with the lead
ing white citizens, embracing both those
who had formerly been rebels, and
those who had been Union men. and
also with a delegation of i n teliigetil col
ored people, representing the freedmen,
all of whom agreed in the statement
that the freedmen were at work, were
perfectly satisfied, and that good feel
ing and harmony prevailed between
the whites and blacks throughout the:
district. Major ( iilcy is not interested
in the cultivation of any plantation,
nor in any other business not connect
ed with his official duties, and he has
prohibited any officer serving under
him within his district from engaging
in any enterprise which would enable
them to appropriate or control the la
bor of freedmen under their jurisdic
tion to advance their private interests.
We attribute much of the order and
contentment of the freedmen of the
"We-tcrn District" to Major Cilley's
judicious and honest administration.
After completing our inspection of
the Bureau in Major Cilley's district,
we returned to Raleigh, where we re
mined one day, for the purpose of fur
ther interview with Col. Whittlesey,
but he being absent, we were obliged
to address him certain interrogatories,
to which lie afterward replied as before
stated. 0
On the 27th of April we left Raleigh
for New pern, the headquarters of ('apt.
Seeley, Superintendent of the Eastern
District of North Carolina. We at
once proceeded to investigate the affairs
of the Bureau and theconductof its offi
cers in this district, ('apt. Seeley was
interrogated as to whether he was in
terested in any manner, directly or in
directly, in the cultivation of lands, or
in any other private business requiring
the labor of freedmen. He said he was
not, except indirectly in manufactu
ring lumber, having purchased, or be
ing about to purchase, with two of his
clerks, a saw mill about forty miles
down the river. Dr. Russ, Medical
| Purveyor, United States Vol
unteers, stationed at Newbem, and a
i Mr. Potug', a eiuitoa, were 3ubduiacat^
examined, both of whom stated that
('apt. Seelev, Superintendent of the
Freedmen'.- Bureau for the district, en
tered into partnership with them a
bout December last, in a contract to
cultivate the farm of Major George
Collier, a citizen of North Carolina,
near Gold.-boro. They commenced op
erations by planting seven hundred ;t
--cres of cotton and some cane, this work
nect s. arily requiring the labor of a
large number of freedmen. Dr. Re
stated that some two week.- -inee he
had conditionally purchased the inter
est of ( apt. Seeley in it plantation, hut
i e had not yt coiisumntat tl the con
tract. Mr. Doner-n ed that about a
fortnight ago Dr. Russ, he himself, and
others, had conditionally purchased a
part of the interest of Capt. Seeley, and
that ( apt. Seeley still owned an inter
est in me plantation. Without being
able to determine how far Capt. Seeley
is interested in this plantation,it i- per
fectly evident that he prevaricated in
his answer to our interrogatories.
Capt. Roseeranz. sub-agent of the Bu
reau at Newbern under Capt. seeley,
and Commissary of Subsistence, as will
be seen by the paper hereto marked
"D," is also engaged in cultivating a
large plantation near Washington, N.
with the labor of freedmen, whom
he supplies with rations as part of their
wages.
In one of our interviews with the
freedmen of Newbern, some of them,
who were employed in the Cornmissa
iv Department of the Bureau, stated
that rations in bulk had been frequent
ly taken from the supply warehouse at
unusual hours, before the doors were
open for the transaction of business,
and hauled off in cartsand wagons, and
that oil one occasion they had followed
a cart containingfour barrels of pork to
see if it went to the freedmen's ration
house. They ascertained that it did
not. Capt. Roseeranz -tilled that he
knew nothing about it. His brother,
a citizen, whom he had employed to act
as Conimis-ary Sergeant, stated that
the four barrels of pork alluded to were
ordered by himself to betaken from the
storehouse to the building from which
the rations are issued to the freedmen,
but that thedriwr of thecart had made
a mistake and took the pork to the icrong
plact , a provision store kept by Mr.
P. Mer\vin,and that immediately up
on discovering the mistake, he had it
rectified and the pork returned to the
store-hou-e. Afterward we called up
on Mr. Merwin, who stated that about
the time < "apt. Rosecrans said the pork
had been sent by mistake to his store,
he borrowed four barrels of jiork
from Capt. Rosecrans, which im
had not yet returned. He
also stated that Capt, Ro-ekranz, on
that day, and after his examination be
fore us, called at bis store and request
iiiin to return the four barrels of pork
immediately. Mr. Merwin further stat
ed that he bad exchanged two barrels
of brown sugar, and paid ( apt Rose
kranz five cents per pound for making
the exchange.
Opposite Newbern. on the south bank
i f Die Trent ri\ r there i-a - ttlenn it
eompo-ed exclusively of freedmen, and
containing a population about 1 thous
and, whose condition /■* truly deplorable,
These unfortunate people came within
our lines and were located thereduring
the war. They are living in small but.-,
built by themselves, of lumber manu
factured by hand. Tin -e hut-general
ly contain but a single room, each of
which is occupied in most eases by large
families. The appearance of this set-.;
tlement, recently -courged with small
pox, is well calculated to excite the!
deepest sympathy for the helpless con
dition of its inhabitants. The decrepid
and helpless among them tire support
ed by the Government of the United
States, and the remainder procure an
uncertain and -canty living from litiie
jolts about Newoern, from fishing with
small boats, Ac. Rev. Air. Fitz, form
erly an army chaplain, presides over
fefafis colony, a- "Assistant Superinten
dent of the Bureau for the Trent River
Settlement." This agent has exercised
the must arbitrary and despotic power,
and practiced unheard of cmi /tics on
the helple-s freedmen under his charge.
The outrageous conduct of litis man
was brought to our attention by a del
egation of freedmen from the settle
ment. who called upon us and made
statements in reference to his oppres
sions and outrages, which we could
scarcely credit. After hearing these
statements, we visited the settlement,
conversed with the freedmen, investi
gated the charges against this man, and j
ascertained that he had been guilty of j
greater wrongs and oppressions than,
had been complained of. In addition
to the testimony of the freedmen, we
took the statements of four intelligent
ladies from the North, who were teach
ing school in this settlement.
Among many acts of cruelty com
mitted by Superintendent Fitz, we
found that he had, in two instances,
-uspended freedmen with cords around
their wrists, with their feet not touch
ing the floor, and kept them in this po
sition—in one case four and in the oth
er case six hours. Also that he sen
tenced a freedman to an imprisonment
of three months for a trivail offence—
that of wrangling w'ith his wife. He
kept another man, who was arrested
for debt, shut up in the block-house or
prison for months, while his wife and
children, reduced to abject destitution,
died with the small pox, and took hitn
from the prison under guard, and com
pelled him to bury his last child in the
i cradle iff which it daxi. Off aaothcr
VOL. 61.—WHOLE No. 5.350.
occasion, when one of his guards re
ported to him that a colored woman
had spoken disrespectfully of him,
without ever inquiring what the wo
man had said, he ordered her to he im
prisoned till 0 o'clock next morning,
when she should be brought before
him to answer for the indignity. In
one instance he imprisoned six children
for ten days for playing in the streets
on tlie Sabbath day. He imposed a
fine of -son upon an aged freedman for
having told another freedman that he
wa- about to.be arrested by Mr. litz.
This poor old man not having the mon
ey to pay the fine, wa- imprisoned un
til next nay, when id- .son paid the same,
with s:i additional jail fees.
The land upon which the huts in this
settlement are built is owned by cer
tain heirs in North Carolina, and is
held by the Bureau as abandoned prop
erty. A tax whieh Superintendent
Khz says got * to the support of the
Bureau, is impo-ed upon the owner of
each hut for ground rent, if the occu
pants fail to pay the tax promptly they
are either turned out into the streets or
imprisoned, and in some instances huts
have been torn down by order of tie
Superintendent for non-payment of
tax. AH business transacted by these
people is taxed for the same purpose.—
Five dollars per month is levied on ev
ery little shop, 5*2 on each fishing-boat,
£•"> on each horse and cart, &c. The fail
ure to pay these taxes when due at once
subjects the property to confiscation. —
We were unable to ascertain what a
mount of money had been collected by
Superintendent Fitz, or what disposi
tion had been made of it. The imper
fect manner in which his book- were
kept would have needed a lengthy and
detailed examination necessary to ar
rive at even an approximate idea of the
amount of money collected. In an
swer to a question as to what justifica
tion there was for the oppressive ico
decs lie had imposed upon these peo
ple, Superintendent Fitz replied that
( 'apt. Seeley told him "1 must have a
thousand dollar- a month from that
settlement." He also furnished us
with a sworn statement, herewith furn
ished. marked "E," in which he at
tempts to defend his conduct. by -rat
ing that he acted in o (alienee to the
orders of his superior officers in the
Bureau.
In an interview we had with ('apt.
.Seeley, that officer evinced a desire to
shield Superintendent Fitz, by stating
that a great deal of what was said a
gainst him was false, notwithstanding
that he had sworn testimony before
him that the charges against Fitz were
true.
Whilvat Newborn investigating the
conduct of the officer- of the Bureau,
and the reported oppressions of the
freedmen by this class of persons, our
attention wa- called to the alleged kill
ing of a freedman by a white employe
of Col. Whittlesey. A—istnnt < ••mm.s
-ionerof tin Bureau fo- North Caroli
na, and Hev. Horace .lames, formerly
Assistant Quartermaster, on their plan
tation in Pitt County. Mr. .James,
w.iile in th Cnitctl Stan- service, was
Superintendent of the Bureau for the
district now tnfder charge of ("apt. See
ley, and is now agent of the Bureau,
without pay, for the county in which
he is planting. The circumstances un
der which the freedman was killed, as
stated by Mr. .James himself, are as
follows:—The freedman was accused of
stealing provisions from the store of
Coi. Whittlesey and James, was ar
rested. tried and convicted by Mr.
James, .is Agent of the Bureau, and
wa-sentenced to dig ditches on their
plantation. While working out his
sentence he ran away, and was pursued
by James's clerk, Boyden, who arrived
at the bank of a river while the freed
man was attempting to cross in a ca
noe. Boyden ordered him to return,
telling him if he did not he would
shoot him, and the freedman, disre
garding this order, Bovden fired. Boy
den states himself that lie thinks he
hit him, and as nothing has ever been
heard from him since, it is generally
believed in the neighborhood that he
was killed, and fell from the canoe in
-11 the river. These lac - are stated in
a letter forwarded to Col. Whittlesey,
who returned it to ( apt. Seeley, with
the following indorsement:
RALEIGH, Wednesday, March *28,186!).
"Respectfully returned. As the af
fair seems to have occurred at night,
and as the body of the negro has not
yet been discovered, it does not appear
certain that the shot took effect. No
further action in the case seems called
By order of Col. Whittlesey, A—i—
tan t-Com m issioner.
'A BUCHEB, Assistant Adjutant-Gen.'
A number of freedmen of Newborn
expressed dissatisfaction at the manner
in which this case had been passed over
without investigation. Bat as the plan
tation is quite remote, we were unable,
owing to want of time, to inquire into
the matter.
On the 2d inst., we left Newborn for
Goldsboro, and on tlie way stopped at
Kingston long enough to learn that
Capt. Wheeler, agent of the Bureau of
that place, is engaged in working a
large plantation on his own account,
and employs thereon a large number
of freedmen.
At Goldsboro' the Superintendent,
G. 0. Giavis, Chaplain U. S. A., is cul
tivating one farm on the Government
account; and is interested in two on his
own account. This officer stated in his
examination before us that he was not
iaUirtUod. in tlio cultivation of piaatn-
tionsexcept indirectly, by loaning mon
ey toa Mr. Brook*, a friend of his from
the North, who was engaged in plant
ing, hut we ascertained from Mr. Gatr
and Mr. Lane, citizens of the vicinity
of Goldsborough, that hei- Interest! d
and joined with them in contracts 1< r
the cultivation of their plantations.—
Hi- friend. Mr. Brooks, enter!d into a
contract with Mr. Lane to furnish ra
tion* and pay for forty laborers, and to
provide eight good mule-. Mr. Lane
agreed to furnish the land and superin
tend the cultivation thereof, the crops
to be equally dividtd, one half to Mr.
Lane, the other half to Messrs Brooks
and Glavis. Mr. Lane states that the
enterprise failed alb r t lie fret dm en had
worked over two months. 1 hev left
then beeau-e Brooks and (iiavis failed
to pay them ao ordingto contract. Ihe
freed men received for their labor a lit
rie clothing, -uch as coats. ] ants, si. of P.
dec.. furnished by Chaplain < ■ av>, a>.d
but little or no money. A .-.tni.ar con
ract was made I. y Glavis & Books,
with Mr. Garr. who stated iocs that
Glavis i- paying the hands in ''a little
of everything, hut chiefly in clothing. '
We ascertained by the testimony of
Me—l>. Borhani A Bailord, auction! (is
at Golds borough, that tiny lad co.d at
auction for < haplain G'k.vis, forty
blankets marked "U/ts." s'.i tl a quanti
ty of clothing that had Ken suit to
Goldsborough for the gratuitous di.-tri
bution to the needy by a Freed men's
Aid Society at or in the vicinity cf
Rochester, N. V. We Itarned also that
he had disposed of a large amount of
such clothing at private -ale. The
t..'haplain stated himself that he had re
ceived from -uch sales £-00, though sub
sequently he asserted that the total cash
receipts of his (like. In in all sources,
amounted to £126 GO. He kept no looks,
or even memoranda of moneys receiv
ed and expended.
• On the 4tli inst., we arrived at Wil
mington, the headquarters of the Bur
eau for lit .Southern District of North
Carolina. Col. Rutherford is the Su
perintendent. He has been here but a
short timeand i.- not yet fully acquaint
ed with the operations of the Bureau
in his District, lie was so unwell as
to be obliged to retire while we were
engaged in examining his office, and
we have not -ime conferred with him.
Major J. C. Mann, Assistant Quarter
master and Financial Agent of the
Southern District, is engaged in the
cultivation of a rice plantation a short
di-tance from Wilmington, on which
are employed fifty-five frecdmen. The
Major stated that while he would not
object to making money, he engaged
in this business to show that the negro
would work.
Major (.la.-, i Wickersham, sub-agent
of the Bureau, whose headquarters are
in Wilmington, is also interestediu the
cultivation of a rice plantation within
his sub-district, and he is to receive
one-fourth of the crops from the same,
for coin, oiling the freedmen employed
mi-aid plantation to work faithfully,
lie explained the manner by which he
compelled freedmen to comply with
contrai-is by staling that he put the in
to work with ball and chain on.the
streets of Wilmington.
Without attempting to discuss the
propriety of officers of the Bureau iti
th< military service of the U. States,
who are paid by the Government for
tin- performance of their duties, engag
ing in priv.tt"'• .i-ma .-s em ploying freed
men for -uch purposes while controll
ing. through their official position, that
da.— of lali >r. w deem it our duty to
state —me tit the . tte ts produced, both
upon the officers them-sives and plan
ter- with whom they came in contact
by such competition.
Major Wickersham, in contracting to
furnish forty laborers to work a rice
plantation, becomes at once interested
against the laborer whom lie compels
unjustly, wiiea unfairly dealt with by
life person working him on the planta
tion, and on his refusing to work he in
dict- upon them unlawful, and for a
brt ■ -!i of contract, unheard of punish
ments, putting them in chain-gangs as
if they were convicted criminals. Col.
Whittlesey or any other officers of les
ser rank and influence in the Bureau,
who are engaged in working planta
tions, rented for cash (iron shares, be
come interested in securing a low rate
of wages, and in making the most
stringent labor regulations to tlicgrea
detriment of the Freedmen.
They thereby give the sanction oft!
Government to the establishment,
wages far below what the labor/
re-ally worth. Officers of the Quart
master's and Subsistence Departing
who are thus engaged arc subjected
the temptation of appropriating to t "
own use Q larcerm ister'a stores anr
tions to -apply and pay their iai.o"! 8 -
Complaints have oeca tn.t le to u-'-y
the planters that these agents ohe
Bureau use the power of their pesims
to obtain and control the best lab in
the State. Tin-re is no doubt that me
of the ill-feeling manifested towalthe
Bureau on the pare of the plant! is
attributable to this fact.
L'ae arbitrary power exercised 1 the
officers and agents of the Burtj in
making arrest.-, imposing fines al in
tiicting punishments, disregards the
local laws, and especially the Static of
Limitations, creates p ret iju dice atinst
tlie Government. If the office!were
all honest and intelligent, wit even
limited legal information, it neht be
safe m trust them with tins exaordi
nary power; butin manyinstanixtheof
ticers ilonot pos-ess theslightesSnowl
edge of law. AtGoldsboro, t!' agent.
Chaplain Glavis, imposed a tie of
on one freedman for stabbingtnother
so severely as to endanger hisife, and
when interrogated by us, statei that he
did not know enough about hv to dis
tinguish a civil from a crimind ease.
We are satisfied that the roommen
| dation which we made in recreate to
the withdrawal of the offices of tlie
Bureau in Virginia, and tie transfer
ence to the officers comniutding the
troops of such duty as it maystill be ne
cessary to perform in conflict ion with
the freednu n, is equally applicable to
North Carolina.
Very respectfully, your rlo't serv'ts,
J. B. STEEDMAN.
Mai-Gen. I*. S. \ .
J. S. FULLERTON, r
Brev. Brig.-Uuv. U. b. V.