r-r-; t - i:--r,;iMir;- v I -ir -- - ' I - - I . wm , Ji. . Tonus TcrmaofPublicatlon. VA .WflVH rtY L , . ' " T. Al . AY . . , ... TB Wayrmborq Kkpubmca. Office In Harm' bulltllM.eiwtof the Court Home, l Pl llihed every Wednesday morning, ot i per annum, is advascb. or S3 a If not paid with; la Ik year. All nbMrlUlon scraum a must fcacttll aaanalljr. No Prr w,l bo out of the Mate unleM pnl.1 for i.t advahcb, and all wen auhaerlptlona will InvKrtaWy he dtacon tlnued at the expiration of the time for which ''lmmo'iri'ra'tlon.ori nhj-.. of loonl or nMral Interest are reupm-tfiilly hoIioILM. lo ensure attention fuvon.Wtl.lH kind umsi Inyarlnl.ly In. aeeompanle.1 ly the name of the author, not f..r nuhlloitlon, hut lu (entrant v aiininst tmnraiUion. All letter pertaining to tni-.iiuaM.if tliu ollk-e muat be oddroued to the Editor goetnt. IIOSOK TO Of It WORKMCV. Whom shall we rail our heroes, To whom our praises alng Tire pamporcd chllil of fortune. The titled Lord or Kln t They live by others' lalmr, Take all, and nothing give The noblest types of manhood Are they who wouk to li vk. Then honor to our workmen, our hardy sons of toll The heroes of the workshop, And monarejis of the toil ! Who spans tho earth with Iron, And rears the palace dome Who ereates for the rleh man The comforts of h Is homo ? It is tho patient toiler All honor to him, then ? The true wealth of a nation Is In her woitKixo mkn. Then honor to our workmen, Ac. For many barren ages, Knrth hid her treasures deep, And all her irlnnt force Heemed bound as in a sleep ; Then Labor'! Anvil chorus' Ilroke on the startled air, , And lol tho earth In rapture Laid all her riches bare ! Then honor toourworltmon, rtc "Tl toll that over naturo Gives man his proud control," And purifies and hallows, Tho temples nr his soul, It startles fesif disease, With all their ghastly train Puts tiioN in tho muscles, And crystal In tlio brain, Tlien lionor tooitr workmen, Ac. The Grand Almliilily UnlMer, Who fushlonod out tho earth, Hath slamp"d his seal of honor On lalmr from her birth. In avery angel flmvnr. That blossoms from the sod, Uohold I lie master touches The Hnndlwork of tioil ! Then honor to our workmen, Ac. ADD R ESS, liRI.IVERKD AT T11K M AStOtfcfel'.I.KnilA- tio.n i.v WAYXKsiirit;,.iixi::M, 'ok. BY SAMUEL WAKEFIELD, D.P. Wor.ih inful Mauler. Olieem and .Vomiw, of Jjxlfe Xu. 15:1, of Free, and Awpted Afanonm In obedience to your call, I nni bore to day, the dny which we nro wont to cel ebrate in commemoration of our Piitnm nint, to spreitd liefore you, ninl liclore othoni who nro prestnt with you, some brief remiirks resiirling wliitt is (li'iioni inated Freemummrn. I thnnk you for tliecordinl invitation which you imve friven me to iierlorin this fervicej imrtly, been use it is mi un lnixtiiknble expression, on your pitrt, of frrtternitl rep;iii'd; and partly, bocmise it utrords nie 1111 opportunity of s'ivinf; ut terance to some of my honest opinions, resfiectinp; the merits of this benevolent "and time-honored institution. It is reasonable to believe, that the present system of Freemasonry hud its origin in architectural science. This is clearly indicated by the very ;ioi;cof the fraternity, and also, by the workin"; im plements which are stilt employed by tho craft. And as tho art of buildinir is of vast importance in the promotion of ...! ..i.iti human happiness, superior skill in this art has always neen nigniy prien, nnu liberally rewarded It is perfectly natural for men who have a laudable ambition for eminence in any mechanical art, to avail themselves of the science and experience 01 others cm Dloved in the same craft: and when it is necessary, in the accomplishment of of some creat object, for a number of liion of liko occupation to be employed in concert, It is equally natural for them to regard their united attainments as a kind of common treasury, on which each one may draw at pleasure, for the mutu al bone-tit of all. In every association of this kind, op Dkii, which is "heaven's first law." is an indispensable element; but the history of tho world shows, that order cannot be either established or maintained in hu man society, without some supreme con troling power, it is therefore reasona ble to suppose, that this acknowledged necessity for supreme control, in every woll-ordefvid association, gave rise to that superiority of station in operative ma sonry, with which every Worshipful Master of a Lodt;e is invested. And as the chief magistrate of a civil govern ment requires the aid of subordinate of ficers, to enable him rightly to execute the laws, so tho government of the Ma sonic Fraternity requires the employ ment of subordinate assistants, h.V whose aid the principal officer is enabled to dis charge the functions of his exalted sta tion, with honor to himself, and with profit to tiie brethren. As men have always held the science of architecture in high estimation, an a bility to impart to others a knowledge of the art has been regarded by many, as a most honorable and desirable attain ment. But in the early history of our order, knowledge could not have been imparted as it may be now. The art of printing was then unknown to the world; and men expert in writ inn were like the visits of angels "few and fur between." The common, and almost only way of communicating knowledge, was by oral instruction; a fact which lias left its sig nature upon the craft, never to be eras ed. While some were desirous to learn, others were both able and willing to teaci; and thus by a very natural and ea sy process were established ditl'erent de crees in the science of Free Masonry. Another important step in the forma tive progress of the order was, the adop tion of a plan by which the brethren should secure to themselves the advanta ges ot their union, when sickness, acci dent, or the inflrmitiesof age should ren der them incapable of active service. They knew that ualess they could rely on some means beyond the proceeds of wieir aaiiy labor, they mignt ne reuueeu to extreme want. To secure themselves against this evil, theyadopted the prac tice of regular pecuniary contributions, thus creating a common fund for the re lief of the destitute, from which every brother had a right to expect aid, -na his necessities might require. The loelc of events, however, soon eon. vinced the Craft, that a Brother might . toe In most pressing necessity forpecuui nlary aid, when far removed from the Dortlcuiar association of which hn an member, and unable to avail himself of its ability to relieve his wants. This, in all probability, led to the adoption of uie Arums in our masonic weed, that Freemasonry is a Universal Brotherhood. It acknowledges a common interest, un drenmscribed by the limits of local tie Jt bestows upon every brother, whether .IAS. K. SAYERS, 'firmness is the woht as god oiveb c to peb tiie hitiiiT. J.hcnln.',' u '" ".' ' i -,-h VOL. XII. residing within tho bounds of his own particular association, or tourneying as a stranger in a fur oft' land, the ri.'iht to apply for needed assistance, and the abil ity to establish the justness of his claim. It must not be forgotten, however, that a Brother may sometimes need what is of far more value to him than pecuni ary aid. lie may be placed in circum stances which call for the honest an nouncements of caution, tho well-chosen words of good advice, or the soothing ac cents of sympathy; and If he can estab lish his claim to tho confidence of the craft, he may expect, though a stranger, to realize the peculiar advantages of Ids connection with tho fraternity, nnd to receive the desired nld. If wo admit the truthfulness of the statements in this hasty sketch, we must come to the conclusion, that Freemasonry is, to a very great extent, n creature of cirnnnlnnes a kind ofnaturatnrmnlinn. Asa plant, it unfolded first t lie blade, then the ear, then the full rom in the ear." Asalmil- dinsr. it hail its foundation in a few ele mentary, eternal, and indcstructnble principles. I ts construction was enrried forward by the employment of such ma terials, and tlieiulontion of such meas ures, as tho craft, with Its progressive skill, and ever enlarging experience, be lieved to be conducive to its highest In terests. In duo time it reached Its coiv summation, and stood forth a m'7 tem ple, which, for the symmetry of its pro. portions, and the perfection of its parts, challenged the attention and admiration of the world. Mere, some ono may ask; When did Freemasonry take its rise? When did this living temple arrive at its coimmi matlon? To these questions we cannot give a definite reply. Weknow, that as fur back, along the pathway of time, as me uiuiirKcring light nt Historic testimo ny conducts us, wo recognize the exis tence of the order; and that, assisted by the dim taper of tradition, wo can trace it to a period still more remote. Uut it must be admitted by all, that there is a point in this investigation, beyond whic h dark aniniiiit.v forbids us to go. "Hut whence sprung the viornl of the order? What is tho origin of the feeling of social affection, which belongs to the craft? Brethren, Freemasonry is not the author of that principle, it rmhodk philanthropy, and makes it practically useful; it keeps alive the feeling of mu tual dependence and the sense of mutu al ohligutious, which belong to true phi lanthropy; and hence her appropriate home is in the Lodge. She ret reals hith er from tho cold stdlishnessof the world, and is made welcome & active. Sordid desires, and overi'eacliingciitiidily drove her from the busy haunts of man; and, wandering to lind some resting place for tiie soles of her feet, shemakes her abode with us; the good and the true in our order are for her; nnd. though we invoke (iodin our secret n'inlilies, nnd stand in fear of ln's irreatness, yet is our love for him best shown by tlieeviikiicvsand fruits of our love to man. We do not originate, we protect philanthropy. 1 fer ilaie is beyoiid (lie foundations of social life. She 'stands the eldest of Heaven's attributes for our benefit." She was ac tively employed when tho Almighty Architect formed the world, and created man; and her sway was acknowledged when "tin' morning stars sang together, and all the sons of (iod shouted forjoy." But at this point, some one may lie in clined to ask, W'iat h Freemasonry, as ii exists among us nt the present day? To this our reply is, that itisawiorrt and Iv-un'Ofrif institution, whose mem bers are united in the bonds of fraternal fellowship, and whose peculiar privi leges nre solemnly guarded by land marks which are known only' to the craft. The moral bearing of the institu tion is a matter which may be "seen and read of all men." We know that it does not profess to be a system of relig ion; nor lines it attempt to displace re vealed religion, or to occupy ils room. Nay, it acknowledges the Bible as the inspired source of ail true religion, and as the only perfect rule of sound morali ty. If, therefore, tilt- Bible exerts a sal utary moral inlluenceon those who stu dy its sacred lessons, a fact which even infidelity itself will haniiy deny, who will dare to call in question the health- an moral hearing 01 a society, whose members are required to acknowledge this sacred volume, as their cnlv sate chart in life's perilous vovace! Again, the moral bearing of our order may bo. seen, in that system of emblem atical instruction which is peculiar to tho craft, ami with which even tly un initiated may become familiar. Indeed, every imlrmlnt employed in operative iMflsonry is rendered subservient to moral ends. By one we are taught so to ill vide our time, that n portion ot it may be devoted, 1. To the service of iod and the relief of the nee ly; 2. To the prosecution of worldly business; and 3. To the restoration of our exhausted energies, by refreshments and sleep By another, the Mason is reminded. that he must divest himself of all the vices nnd superfluities of life, in order to he ntted, as a living stone, tor that spin tual building, that house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. Thus we might go on to show, that the imple ments of the craft are so many moral teachers. Thev inculcate the lesson.that we should circumscribe our desires, and Keep our passions witutn due bound: mat in our several stations tn nie we should ever net uprightly beforo God and man; that we should square, our lives by tho principles of virtue: and that we are travelling upon the level cf time, to " timt unknown land, "from whoso bourne no traveller returns." These are ouly a few of the facts which might be presented, to prove that Free masonary is calculated to exert a health ful moral influence. But that It is a lenernlcnl iimtitution is equally susceptible of proof; or, might we not rather assert, that the benevo lence of the institution is so manifest to every candid observer, that it hardly needs to be proved. It is eminently the business of our order to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, and minister to the subjects of affliction; and in the perform ance of this benevolent work we often realixo the truth of the declaration, that "it is more blessed to give, than to re ceive." Freemasonry inscribe upon its banners "faith, hope, charity, these three' but it everywhere declares that "the greatest of these is charity." The benevolence of our order man! fests itself in a great variety , of forms; i few of which we will notice.' . It is seen in that fraternal feeling and good win wincn always character izes our private associations. Here men of all erades In society .except the vicious meet together, and occupy a common platform. Here are men of different and conflicting religious creeds; but they have left thei religious differences lie hind them, and are here, where the din of polemie discussion is never heard, to eniov an hour of fraternal fellowship and to Implore Divine blessings upon one anotner. WAYNIiSHUKG, Here are men of different notitieal views, who may have been warmly en gaged In party warfare; but they have east aside, for a time, nil the insignia of embittered contest; and, having tri umphed over personal antipathies, they put on the garb of Innocence, employ the hingiiflge of fraternal alfeetlon, and learn to notmowiouge eacu outer m brethren. Thus, the frettingexeitemeiit of party strife is allayed; angry antago nists are pacified und r -united; and all are made to enjoy It sabbath of rest, in the consciousness that they exercise un feiiied charity toward all. And is there no advantage no benev olence In all this? Are'we to exnect no benefit to result from tho cessation of angry antagonism, nnd the promotion of brotherly infection and good will? Sure ly these resting places of the passions ex ert a salutary Influence upon our moral character. "Their direct tendency Is to save us from that hardness of heart, which constant rivalry nnd unmitigated antagonism will most assuredly produce. 2. The benevolence of Freemasonry is seen in its readyness to assist the needy. Where Is tho Masonic associa tion which has not, in one way or other, vMhil ninl relieved "the fatherless and widows In their atlliction ?" Where is the brother who has ever disregarded the cry of distress, or refused to lend a .1 ... ...lt .i..-: . .. ui'iMii) iiui.u, in iuiuim!.'! nig to tiie ne cessities of a worthy ob eel? We know that when Freemasonry bestows it char ities, it tloes not sound a trumpet, or proclaim its benevolence ny some pui -iic demontation; but still'the benevo lence exists, nnd the favors nre bestowed, while the donors, who give in secret, are often rewarded openly. Indeed, there is n blessedness in tho very art of be stowing a needed favor, which often ful ly compensates the giver. And if, in addition to this, we take Into the ac count tho personal comfort which our charities create, and the heart-felt crrat - tinle which they evoke, we will have at least an imperfect view of tho fruits and evidences of that benevolence, which has ever been a prominent characteristic of our order, we will see some of the motives which move us "to do irood and to communicate;" especially when we consider, that "with such sacrifices (iod is well pleased." Will you go with me to witness the tears of gratitude, which the lonely wid ow sheds over the offering you send her in the name of Freemasonry? Will you listen, with me, to the thanksgivings of the orphan, whoso wants your liberality has relieved? Will you mark, In the man of decrepitude, the signs of grateful emotion, when be receives into his trembling bund the proof of your Mason ic charity? Those, and similar eases, may lie regarded as so many npponls to heaven, for Divine blessings upon the order; nor will such invocations be dis regarded by him who has assured us, that the bestowment of even n cup of cold water, in a proper manner, "shall not lose ns reward." 'Jf there is one earthly consideration which, more than any other, can give poignancy to the sting of death, it Is the" tormenting thought, that tho loved ones whom wo are about to leave behind us must be thrown out upon the cold hnrities of a selfish and unfeeling world. But, on tho other hand, if the husband and father is called todie, without being able to secure to the objects of Ids dear est affections the necessities of life, it is to him a consoling thought, that he leaves them within the range nnd ope ration of a benevolent institution, whose help they cannot seek in vain, I'erhaiis we cannot better illustrate the nature of Masonic benevolence, than by presenting a single circumstance, which happened in one of our eastern cities. It comes to us well authentica ted, and is only one case among ttious- mils. A large property holder instruc ted the proper officer to make attach ment of household furniture for rent due. Vhe tenant was a widow, with n family of littlo children; and the attachment would cover nearly all that the law al lowed tn netanen. w nen tho lady was introduced to the officer, and learned the object of his visit, she exclaimed in her distress, "t know not what to do. I have neither friend nor relation to whom I can apply. I am alone utterly alone helpless destitute a widow." The oiticer then inquired, "is there no aumriaion upon which you have a claim?" Her answer was, "none! I am not a member of any benevolent o- oiotv." "But I remember," said she. mv husoand told me more than once. that if I should ever be in distress. I miehtmnk? available." here pre senting a Masonic jewel "i rear, how ever, it is now too late." "Bet me see it," returned the ofilcer. who was himself a Mason. On exam ining it, ho at once recognized the stand ing of tho deceased Brother, and said, we will see what etiect this towel will have; though the landlord, I know, Is not a Mason. Who is your clergyman." inquired the officer. Sho told Iiirn who her clergyman was. lie also was a Mason. When the officer made known to the clergyman the widow's distress, nnd al so her claim on the fraternity, he in quired, "Who is tho layidlord?". When informed by the officer, be said, "Ah! does bis relicion teach him to set no bet tor example? We must show him what Freemasonry requires. I have spent fie last payment of my salary; but here is mv noft, at it short date, for the amount due. The landlord will hardly refuse that." Thus, in a few minutes, the claim was paid; and, tho benevolent officer forgiv inir his fee, the heart of the destitute widow was caused to sing for joy; while her tears of gratitude, made brilliant by the smiles of her relieved children, be came jewels of Freemasonry, the value of which is beyond that of silver or gold. But if. by this act of Masonic charity, tho afflicted widow and her weeping children wero made to rejoice, how un speakably great must have been the pleasure of those, who procured for them so great a benefit I My brethren, Free masonry not only inspires the heart with a feeling of tnie benevolence, but it becomes, to a great extent. Its own re warder, by affording its members the rich luxury of doing good to the needy. We might present other aspects of the benevolence of this institution, if time and circumstances would allow; but per haps wo have persued this subject far enough for the present occasion. Our conclusion. is, that F'recmasonry is both a moral aitH benerolcnl institution; one whose legitimate tendency is only good, and not evil. We know, however, that In whatever light we may regard Freemasonry. It al ways has been, and still is, an object of zeaious opposition on tne part of many. We cannot believe that this opposition has always been governed by moral Honesty. In many eases, the wicked mot ives in which it originated have been too apparent to be misunderstood: and hence the opposition has assumed the I character of unmitigated persecution. l'ENNA., .WEDNESDAY. JULY-13, 1S(S. To those who oppose our order from dishonest motives, and In a slanderous. manner, we nave nollung to say; nor would vou.tw good men and true Masons, thank mo for attempting to disprove their unscrupulous slanders. We will leave them to the consequences ortneir own doings, knowing that in duo time they shall be luiiy rewarded lor their wicked work. ; But there are some M ho are honcstiu, though mistakenly, opposed to Frcema--sonrv. They oppose It, not becauce they have any svnipathy with tho organized antimasonie movement; but because they suppose it to lie liablo to insupera ble objections. And as these objections may exist in the minds of good and hon est men, they deserve a candid Investi gation. Our time, however, will not al low us to tin more, than to consider a few of the strongest. ; 1. Tho first objection which we will notico Is, that " i-Yeematnnry isunnrnrs .w)',iy." This objection Is urged. . I. From a consideration of the present Improved state of our social relations. We rejoice to know, when we compare the past with the present, that our social condition Is greatly improved; and that our civil, political, and religious rights are now moie clearly understood, and more generally acknowledged than formerly. But still, hotv narrow Is the compass of this social improvement, compared with the entire family of man! In many parts of tho earth social im provement has made, for centuries, but little progress. Hence, if Frceinainry were entirely uncalled for In the nm.-t rftnod portions of civilization, It, or something liko it; mJglit nevertheless be necessary in less favored parts, to ac complish tlio benevolent objects which it proposes to reach. We can not ad m i t, however, that social refinement rentiers Freemasonry unnec essary. Facts declare, that in reach of tiie highest circles of social life there is often tinrelievefl want; calling for help, but calling in vain, unless its voice can reach the Masonic ear. But peeuniart assistance is not all that Freemasonry comers. Among its most valuable ben efits tiro good will, social Intercourse, and friendly advice. These nre always necsestiry. even in tne most, refined Mate of society; nnd though they may some times be realized in the usual walks of life. It Is only to the craft that they are absolutely secured. 2. the oh ecttou lsiuriiier urged, from the consideration, that rll men are hound to do good to the needy, independent of the requirements of any voluntary asso ciation. To refute this argument it is only necessary to observe, that it lies as directly against every otner benevolent institution, as it does against I'Toeina- sonary. Jt tho common obligation resl- ncr upon all men to minister to human necessity is sufficient, there can be no more call for almshouses ami public hos pitals, tluin lor iMasonic associations. Tlio argument proves too much, and tnoreioreit proves notning mall. That it is the duty of all men to tlo Hood to sniveling humanity, no one will deny; hut is this tho uniform rule nl hu man action? nay verily, is it not rath er strictly true, that "Mnn'g inhumanity to mnn MukoB countl9 tlioupamls mourn.' There Is therefore not only ample room, but nn urgent necessity) for the benevolent offices of Freemasonry. 2. It is pleaded, moreover, that our order is unnecessary, becasuo (lie really destitute are snUicicntly provided for by legislative enactments) To this wo re ply, that wo can heartily rejoice in nil that Is done for the relief of the desti tute, by legislative enactments; especial ly when weknow that the principle of Freemasonry lie at tho foundation of all such benevolent movements. - But we niu.-t not overlook the fact, that these legislative provisions, however good in their design and tendency, are inade quate to accomplish all the benevolent purposes of our order. They, nt best, nre limited in their existence and opera tion. Freemasonry is n universal Insti tution. They nre mainly designed to re live the wants,, of tho body. Freema sonry pours its blessings upon the whole man. They are. cold and heartless In the bestowment of their favors. Free masonry extends ils benevolent hand, with the sympathies of a brother. Moreover, we Know that nil public chanties carry with them n species of disgrace, incompatible with tho proper pride of man; and hence ninny would rather submit toextreme suffering, than to apply to any of them for aid. . But the benevolence of Freemasonry, ns well as its wisdom, Is seen in this.' that in the hostowmont of its charities it does not infringe, in the bust degree, the conscious uignny oi tiiosu who receive them. 4. Again we are told, that Freema sonry Is unnecessary, because nil Its lio. nevolent purposes may be accomplished by Christianity. This argument, in tho estimation of some, has great force; but a few remarks will show that Is easily disposed of. -Wedo not claim" that Freemasonry is equal to the Christian religion, or that it is intended to occupy its place. Christi anity is a perfect system of Divine truth, for which we entertain tho high est possible veneration; nnd to whicli we look as the only infallible directory In our pathway toeternat life. Freema sonry, on tho Other hand, is nf hmnnn origin: but it acknowledges the existence of Uod, receives the revelation which he has given to the world, and bows before him in acts of solemn devotion. If all men were Christians in tho full sense of this term, there would be some force in the argument which wo nre considering; but every one knows that this is not the fact. There nre thousands of our race, even In Christian kinds, over whom the Christian religion has littlo or no control; and there are thousands who profess to he Christians, but nro desti tute of true Christian charity. The consequence Is; that cases of destitu tion and suffering, unrelieved by the hand of benevolence, may often be found even In sight of Christian temples; not indeed because Christianity is defective in Its adaption to human condition, but because men will not submit themselves toitssavingcontrol. , . Now, If Freemasonry exerte its benev olent influence where Christianity hiw no control; or if, in a Christian com munity, it sometimes confers a needed benefit which would not be otherwise realized, both of which could easily be shown, who will dare to snv that lb Is unnecessary? As well might we predi cate this of every benevolent inatitution in the world. 2. The second objection which we will nosice is, that '.'Freemasonry, being a secret society, is dangerous to our politi cal Institutions." . . We will admit that a secret poliiiftal association, wnere an tne members be long to the same political party, may very properly excite alarm; especially when the members themselves, as well as their doings and desloms, nre shrotid- I ed in secrecy, ' It Is not- necessary 1 M say to these brethren, that .Freemasonry ti .not ii po li'ival association. . They know, and ev ery mason knows, that political ques tions are never carried into tho Lodge. But how shall the uninitiated know this? It is demonstrated by the fact, that men of opposito political parties unite togeth er, lu the sajiie Masonic association.' There if onie remark wlllch may be made here, In regard to tlve phrase "se cret society." If it Is intended to Indi cate that Freemasonry seeks to conceal ItsexUtonce, Us principles, or Its design?, noth'iugcau be farther from the truth. It declares, everywnere, its existence, principles, nnd designs) it gives to the world the unities of its officers; it builds Its temples In townsand cities; and It! exhibits lta members in public proces sions. . True, there ore sccreUielonglng to the order; but they are only such as are necessary to guard its privileges, and to perpetuate Its identity. . it. Another objection to Freemasonry Is, that "females are excluded front Its communion." We are told bythft'ObV Jeetor, that "there muslj be something wrong tn tna,t association, irom tne priv ileges of which our wives, mothers, sla ters, and daughters are excluded.!! I , Objectionable as this view of tliesnbs Ject may appear to some, a few plain statements will place it, neiore every candid mind, in a very -different light. Let it then bo distinctly understood, in tho first place, that Freemasonry orlgin ated.with a class of working ineii; jnnd hence, In its oiigln.it could no liiore have Included women, than they could now bo included in a society of operative blacksmith or carpenters. And when to this we add the fuel, that Freemason ry, in all Its distinctive features, is like "the law ot the Modes nnd i'erslaus, which nltcretlii nntv1, wehavout very natural and easy solution of the ques tion, respecting the exclusion of women from niembrrsfilp in the craft. j , But there is1 onothem fact which may ho stnted here, as furnishing a good and suUieient reason, for this exclusive regu lation of the order, It is this, its se cret meetiugs art) 'customarily held in tiie night. Now,-' livview' or this fact, who dors not see) that to admit i women as well as men. would irive occasion to tho tifiiguof of slander to circulate a thousand evil reports, which might dis turb the peace of society, and greatly lri )ure tho reputation of the order. Hence woreiau'd it as a wise and prudent ar rangement, and ene which must bo in perfect accordance with tho purest . dic tates ol female delicacy, to admit none but nun tuthe-coinrmiiiion of tret-mii- Ronry.. it m tncreiore by tho .law. ut propriety alone, t mt women are exclu ded from participating In tho labor's unci mysteries of the craft. i But nre wo to conclude; ns tho ribjec- tion seeitis to Imply,' that becaaso they nro not invited to snare the secrets ol Masonry and dispense Its mvstories. they nrcthoref.ireexcliuled front its ben efits? Certainly not. As well might we argue that they aro excluded ,froni tho benefits ol ouneivll government, because they aro not allowed to exerclso the elective franchise, or to occupy seats in its sevcrnl departments. As well might we argue that they aro excluded, from the benefits of revealed religion, because they were excluded mini the Jewish priesthood, and are not employed In 'the Christian ministry.- Women nrenei excluded from the benefits of Frceninspnry. Jtls utterly impossible Hint (he dearest ear) My ob jects of mans toudol' regard they who aro his constant solneo in times of iilllie- tinn the willing companions of his sor rows, as well as his Joys, should bo for gotten in tho prescribed duties of tlio or der. Nny verily; It places In the front rank ofiliose who may claim its Iwncflts the mothers, sisters, and daughters of 1-reemasons, nnd invites, especially, tlio widows of departed members, to lean with confidence upon Ifcs supporting arm. To sny, tnererore, that l-reema snnry Is regardless of tho rights of wo men, or that it excludes them from Its benefits, ns a slander upon the Insjtltu tion. i. There Is one other objection some times urged, which may bo worthy of a passing notice. It is, that '.'Freemason ry is sellisli and partial in the bestow- meni oi ns lavors." "ir mere is nnv real good in it," My some, "why does it not throw open: its door, that nl ner- sons, indrismniinately, may partake of us peneuis."- v lew romnrKS will place this question In a proper light, and show that the objection is a "bnseless fabric.'1 1. Tho very idea of a benevolent In slitutlon implies restrictions, both as to the ends proposed, and the means to bo emu loved: nor can any one finornrn beyonil its prescribed sphere, without : violating mo very principles on which it is founded. Thus, an assylum for tho insane lias no right to appropriate its funds for tho relief of the blind; nor have the inhabitants otonestate or country any just claim upon the benevolent in stitutions ol another. 2. Freemasonry, liko other benevolent associations, has proposed to accomplish certain ends; nnd forthe accomplishment of these ends it has ndopted certain means. The only question to be settled is this; Have men a riirht to form nn association, for their mutual benefit? To sny they have not, is at once to condemn tall partnerships lu trade. - It is to sny IIIHUUIL'II IHIt: MU I IMIIL IU ilirill uicm- solves into a Mutual Insurance Compa ny. a BunKing lompnny, a linn now Company, or anything of tho kind; which is too absurd to be believed, it follows, therefore, that men hnvo a rljht to form any kind of association which docs not interfere with the rights of others; nnd this, wo believe, Is strictly truo ot r reeina-uiiry. 3. A claim upon tlio bcnouis of Free masonry tloes not rest alone on the be- nevotenre of the institution. It Is a claim which Is purrianert hy every brother, and is therefore w hat may justly be called a prefect right. Is it not then verv unreasonable ror persons to ask the free use ofa privilege for which others nava stipulated price, while they themselves pay notningat aur Most assuredly It is. As well might we claim, that those who make no deposits In a saving fund, have as much right, ns depositors have. to draw money from its vaults. :- 4. We would not conceal the fact, nay, wo wUh It to be distinctly undrr- stood, that the direct object of Freema sonry Is, to benefit tho members of the order, together witn tneir immediate female relatives and children. For, though it Inculcates the dutyxf benevo lence ti all men, yet It requires Its mem bers to do good especially to them who are of Its own household.) To carry out this benevolent object, the secret, of Freemasonry are Indispensible. Ihey aro the locks and keys, the bolts and bars, bv which our common property 19 secured to the fraternity.' They are ft kind of Masonic safe, in which, la depos ited the precious treasure of the craft.- , 5. How preposterous, theoJt is to say, but it hpro Is nnir irood In Treemason- ry, it ought to throw open Irs doors, and EDITOR ANI7 l'UllLISHEK.1 0. idlow all o enioy its benefit. On the very same prliuiple we may sny; If there is any good in iiierchnntl'i.ing, ev ery merchant should throw away his locks and liars, und permit all persons to carry off his goods, without paying for them.. Or might wo not go so far as to say, -If there Is any good In the Christian Church,, sho should throw, away all restrictions Jn regard to the terms of membership, and receive all men into her communion, even the most ungodly. The absurdity of the principle Is so ob vious, that we leave you to make the nmilii'iitmn. i . nut is it indeed true, mat i reemnson ry seeks to close Its doors nnd deprive the world of its benefits? It certainly Is noti We admit that it does not employ any direet influence to add to Its num bers, it persuades no mall It urges no mnn to unite with the order. f!ut it Is true, on the other Irani!, that Its doors are ever ready to. be opened to all good men, who tnuiK unit its benefits w in coinpensntfi them for the cost. Those who think otherwise should not find fault with us, for retaining the secrets of the craft. I hey might receive them, but nre uuwilllng to burcliiwe them; nnd wo will not allow the tree to he cut town, In order that they mnv cather the' precious fruit. ,. And now, brethren, we must bring our remarks to n close. ' We hnve placed before you, in a very brief manner, some thoughts in reguid to the origin nud na ture of Freemasonry, and the principal objections urged ligalnst it. Theshetch, we admit, is a very imperfect onn; nut we are comforted by the reflection, that it Is addressed to those who know how to exercise charity. Wo have seen thnt there Is nofhintr in Freemnsonry Incompatible, with the teachings of Revealed lieligion; thnt It acknowledges the IMhlo ns of Divine ori gin; and thntlt inculcates the worship of Uod. We have not said, nor. tlo we be lieve, thnt it supercedes tho Gospel, This.nlone, Is the power of Uod to sal vation. v o nave not intimated that it can regenerate the human soul; for (Ms is emphatically thp work nf the Spirit. Hut wedo most unhcMtutingly sny, that no man can be n consistent Mason, who does' not make tho principles of pure morality tie rule ot hi:; nte.- i 1 1 ere wo would liKetosny ninny things ! way of wrhttBfr, ami exhortation. and encourngemrnl; but jvp have al ready detained you loner rhnutrh. It Is good and pleasant for brethren, even on earth, "to dwell together in unity." It will be bettor, nnd Tar more dellglitrul, for brethren, to dwoll together in the heavenly land. May wo indulge tho hope, that tills fraternal association shall ultimately be conducted, by tho the Grout Architect of the universe, liitoihiit "house not matin with hands, eternal in the henvens." "fio nir.to it bo." I . 1 M .,.! l'Rt.S!I lrEHOCHATIV lUSrLEAsrRE. n.oii ns tlio State.? that engaged in tlio rebellion remained under tlio .Military supervision of tlio General C.overiinicnt, the Democrats tlirmurli- otit tlid whole country, mid particu larly their representative men In tlio two houses of Congress, were pinrvel ously indignant, ami let no occasion slip, in season or out of season, to make their feeling manilcsf. They (1 est an ted in excited phraseologies upon tlio rights of the people of the respec tive States to representation in the -government exercised over them strain ing this point to such it degree as to render the inference inevitable, that it was their belief that the prerogative to participation in the government is so inherent and vital that nn misdemean ors or crimes can sullice to alienate it, nnd protested that the representation of all the States, under. any conceiva ble condition of nlliiirsj was so essen tial to th? just and necessary balance of powerthat n legal nud rightful government could not exist without it. Well, Congress having secured all the preliminaries it deemed requisite, at length proceeded to re-admit Ar kansas to representation ns of old, in tlio two chambers. Against this proceeding, the Democratic members spontaneously and emphatically pro testedand their objections arc reiter ated and sustained by the Dcmocratfc journals, east and west, nortli Mid south. Why is this? Simply be cause the Democrats regard the man ner of re-admission as of more conse quence than the fact of re-admission itself. A disinterested observer wi uld naturally suppose that the actual rep resentation of a particular State, upon terms eventually satisfactory to Con gress and the local authorities, was all that the spirit of Ik-publican institu tions required; that Congress, in view of the circumstances, could reasonably stipulate lor recognition of the impor tant; changes wrought out by the war, nintjiiat the local government could give such assurances as would bring the State into harmony with the ex isting status of the country; but ' the Democrats do not sec this, and licncc protest that all this is irregular nnd miscliiovou.s. . Their obtuscness re sults from two different causes. Let 'us elucidate.! . - 1. In 1832, when Mr. Calhoun and his lieutenants invented the mod ern doctrine of "State Kights," and proposed to exemplify it, Presi dnt Jackson officially developed the true theory-of tho Constitution. In this service ho was admirably seconded by tho genius and wisdom of Mr. Webster and other Whig leaders. Jackson maintained that the authority of the national government had its source in tho consent of tho people, and ' not in negotiations between tho several States, and, consequently, that it was paramount nnd supreme. From this .view it followed logically that no State had a right to withdraw from the Union; that an attempted withdrawal was rebellion; and that such rebellion, successfully resisted, pat the States and the individuals concerned in it at tho merJy of the government. This was the popular Demoor&tio dootrine bo long as the influence of General Jack son prevailed. A fter a season when Jackson had re- of Alvertllie AbrdcriSKMtNTS, ImrrteUat l P3,n"; fur tlirta lunurliuua. or lw, ud 50 smiHiv for eH.-H iid.lltlonnl luKertlon J (''," airnt ii.lvcrils.-iu.-iiU to be l.t ror lu vuVHiioe. Hc.sinbm NoTti Ksnet niuler tiie hemlof loow new will b eliartci'tl tavatiubly 10 cn !" for eucli Insertion.- . . A liiM-inlil.-.ln!ilonmilMo n d2?JS: hiitbvili.' nvnrtrr, Imll-veor or yi-iir. Hpec-lnl V7.'u''l''iViKTrvo of .very klnil In Plain and Fan cy colors; llmnl-mil", nlunkn, C'arUii Pamphlet of every vari.-ty an.l style, printed at IM !i..rt.l nolle-. The rlKPUHi.it-A ,,'"1" '"? iit I n re-flltl-it, ninl fcvery thing in the Print- Ins line ciin bo executed In the most artlatlo manner and nt tlio low cat rates. t'red td tho Hermitage, tlio political heresy lie had enmbntted wa9 revived nnd nourished with greater vigor than before. Tho slaveholders had resolved to revolutionize the government, so aa to mnke its political form linrmomie with tho "peculiar, insitution," and for reasons sineoiemonstrnted to be co gent, determined to make tho Demo cratic party tho instrument for ao complisMng this momentous revolu-. tion. Democracy, was to bo betrayed in the name of Democracy. No iustt perable difficulties were found in work ing the mass of Democrats over from the position of Jackson to that of Cal houn; and for the simple fact that they were moved not by judgment but by prejudice. I laving been coh Verted to' the lidse theory of tho government Chi of which the rebellion was born, and having either justified or excused the revolt from its inception to tho present, hour on that busis, it is not a matter of astonishment that the1 Democrats stick to there falso ideas, against, tho deci sions of Congress and the Supremo Court, and the sterner arbitrament of battle to which they haVd been sub- jcetctl. . . 2. c cannot, however, admit that no other element mingles in their op-1 portion to tlio Congressional plan of Kecoiistrtiction, tlio consummation of which has already bogtui. Other nnd sciusii .considerations enter into tneir calculations, -lleforo tlio Southern States embniked in the revolt,' they wijii Democratic. If they had not been, they would have remained in tho Union. Tho Democrats naturally do sire that in coming back tho Demo crat ie ascendency in them shall' not bo shaken elso the principles for which' the. revolt was made will, Strmd no chance of resurrection -' l!ut, it will . bo remembered that those States were made Dohtncratio by allowing only about one-half. '(f tho population to share in the suil'rago'i Nominally,' tlio lino of distinction ran. on color, but really on a ctfncoption of nristi.c.'acy, not clearly ' defined, but operating with remarkable- certainty, tf tlio revolted States could be restor ed oil that basis, Mr. reiidlolon, or whoever shall bo nominated for Pres ident by the Dcmouratio National Convention, would bo passably sure of getting all the electoral votes of theso States, and might havo at least a pos sibility of obtaining euough more to bo chosen. i , As it did not fcc:h possible to secure iJeconstruction on this plan, the Dem ocrats set out to "court the blacks. They prosecuted this enterprise vigor oiisly tor awhile, though not with the heacy nnd sincerity essential to en - .... . , i ., sure .success, liiejoi) was so clumsily immagnd that it iiiilcJ. Tho ponetra- t'on ol the blacks proved greater thari the Democratic, capacity for dissimula tion. Hereupon, the Demoa-nta rovcitol to their former position that this was "a white man's government;" that the' evoked States had lost nono of their rigli's nn:l fallen under no disabilities by their treasonable conduct; nnd that they should lie unconditionally restor ed to tneir original status. . as tuo I )i'innor;ifs saw no wav in which thev could be sure to get the electoral votes of these States, they preferred to still have them held in abeyance, and no allowed to vote at all, rather than nctir the 1 Lizard of having them all, or nearly all, vote for Grant and Col- tax. . ; Fortunately, however, they arc pow erless in the premises, nnd the South ern States will all bo restored upon cmcnt and just conditions, clearly indicating the magnanimity, ot tne Uebublican party, in accordance with the rights of all classes of tho inhabi tations of, the country, and tending powerfully to guard against the, recur rence ot other revolts, because settling permanently the riidits of JLho Federal government and the r&rilrfhibilitics of the respective States. IHltt." Gazette. " AS AI'iM&M.YU SIGHT. , An appalling scene was presented at Magdala after tho battle which' thrcir the city into English hands. About twenty ynrds fcom where the Europeans languished incaptivity wasa high cliffs down which Thcodorus had thrown the bodies of three hundred and eight slaughtered prisoners. Stopping cau tiously upon the gory rocks to the Very vcrgeof the cliffs, savs the correspond ent of the New York Herald, "a sight presented itself which has no parallel in modern history. Not forty feet be low.there lay a pyramid of naked hu man bodies twenty feet high: and a hundred feet in circumference at the base, slashed, cut, disembowelled, shot. stabbed, dismembered or decapitated. Boys doubled up backward, faces half eaten by tho hyena and jackal ; men with their entrails stretched for twenty feet over the bodies dismembered, with throats cut'grinning ghastly at the hor rified spectator ; women decapitated, with marks of ignomiy on their bodies. clasped with rigid hands a limb of the nearest bouy, or stood like forked stumps, shoulders firmly wedged in tliemassol decomposition. .Lvcn while we gazed on this awful sight, hyenas shuffled upward and gorged themselvea with the putrid human flesh.'! u Glaring frauds, .int.. tho Second Auditor's office, whereby the Govern ment has been swindled out of mill ions of dollars by dishonest - clerks altering bounty Warrants; have been unearthed by a Special Investigating Committee of the House. i . . ....... ' '
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers