Term of lu!liuloii.
Tim WArxianciin KKi'triiui-AS, OBIee In
Cayort' liull'tlni.iHtor the Court House, lit pub
ll.heil awry Weiliuaulny inonilnj, at 84 per
annum, is advance, or 'i 80 tf not palil with
in the year. All miburrlptfoii nrrouutx must
bcwttloilnnnlinlly. No paper will be sunt
out of the Htute unless paid for is AtiVAX'-R, and
nil Btich subscriptions will Invariably bo discon
tinued at the expiration of tlio time for which
they are paid.
I Utm nun lent Ion on mibjerln of local or Ri-ni-rnl
Interest lire ri'Hee(t'lllly Holli-lti-il. To ensure
attention favor ol this kind must Invariably be
aeeompitnie'l by the name of the author, lint fur
uablli .itlon, but mia-anty nvnliin imposition.
All letters ierlaiuln to bnsliie.su ot thu ollke
UkUiit be addressed to the Kditor
THE .'JJ-vI. ril!t .UK.
Just fair enough to bo pretty.
Just gentle enough to be sweet,
Just saucy enough to be wl'.ty,
Just dainty enough to be neat.
Just tall enough to bo graceful,
Just slight enough for a fay,
Just dress enough to be tasteful,
Just merry enough to be gay.
Just tears enough to be tender,
Just sighs enough to be aid,
Tones soft enough to remember
Your heart through their cadence made glad.
Jnst meek enough for submission,
Just bold enough to.bo brave,
Just pride enough for'nmbition,
Just thoughtful enough to be grave.
A tongue that can tallt without harming,
Just mischief enough for to tease,
Manners pleasant enough to be rharmins,
That put you at once at your ease.
Disdain for to put down presumption,
Sarcasm to answer n fool,
Cool contempt enough shown to assumption
Fropcr dignity always the rule.
Fights of fair fancy ethereal.
Devotion to science full pal 1,
fitufTofthe sort of material
Poets and painters are made,
Generous enough, and kind-hearted,
Pure as the angels above
Oh! from her may I never be pirted,
For such is the maiden 1 love.
No. 3.
For the Kki'I'Iu.ican.
l'KIMO.X Lll'i:.
isv a ritisoxr.n.
The next day was .Sunday, the 1 iith
of May. If our commando's liad been
the right kind of men, vc would have
rested on that day, and very likely
havo escaped a defeat. But before
daylight we were on the move. The
wholo force was marching. Soon tlic;
booming of cannon again burst ujkiii
our ears.
"And nearer, clearer, deadlier still,"
it came, as we advanced. Our hearts
were beating fiist. W'c knew we were,
going into battle. The jest and song
of the march died away, and in their
stead came u tpiict, firm determina
tion. .!
At noon we reached Mt. Jackson,
12 miles from Woodstock. Here a
short halt was made, and then we
marched on. In two hours vc had
made eight miles. The road was now
lined with stragglers going to the
rear, who assured us that all was well
at the front. Soon we reached the
battle ground and formed into line.
Four regiments of infantry besides our
own, were on the field. AVe lay a few
minutes and then took a new position
in an open field beside a battery ,vherc
wo know the rebels would advance.
And soon our pickets came running
in, firing as they retreated. Away in
front we saw a long line of grey in
motion. Our men became excited,
nd rose up to fire, but a stern com
mand called them down again. The
littery was firing. I heard a com
mand, "fire percussion," and looking
lip saw Gen. Sigel riding over the
field, smoking a cigar. Now the bul
lets came among us. The first one
wounds a Sergeant in Co. F ; the sec-
; ond kills a man by my side ; the third
wounds my companion, forager.. And
' now wc can y.ait no longer, but rise up
. and firortwwrds the line of grey, now
enveloped -in smoke.' Then our com-
. f any is called to the right of tlie line
tf joift-with a. 'company from another
! " x! il-l ,
, IK-b, 111 H Vl.llLlll U JlLlllll JUU1 U111CIII.
And off wc go amid screaming of shot
and shell, and roar of musketry, and
groans of wounded men, and shouts
and curses of officers till wc gain our
new position. Here we are compara
tively safe, but keep ou firing. The
rebels charged across the open field in
splondid style, but the steady fire
from our battle line stopped them, and
ire saw the dead and wounded fall like
autumn leaves. Three times their
line was broken, and three times did
they rally again and advance, and at
last our Hue was forced back. Wc
were so enveloped in smoke that wc
did not notice our forces retreating,
imtil they had gone some distance
Theri the terrible truth flashed npou
us, toe toore deated. Our only'hope
was to follow them, and we fell back
in confusion. But the rebels were (go
quick for us, and commenced closing
in on our flank. The river, swollen
with the rains, stretched away to the
left, and we knew we could not cross
it. If we could gain the bridge in
front of ns we were safe. Every one
was now looking to his own interest.
In the confusion I becamo exhausted,!
and fell behind, and suddenly found
myself confronted by four burly fel
lows, who with guus pointed, com
manded ine.to surrender. Seeing no
JAS. E. SAVERS,
VOL. XI.
carthiy'c'hance of escape, I "threw my
self under their protection," and gave
up my arms. One of them, a corporal,
said lie had better take mo to the rear.
I thought bo was glad of the oppor
tunity. We Avent back over the battle
ground, anil I had fair chance to wit
ness the effects. The field was pretty
thickly strewn with the dead and
wounded, but the rebel dead outnum
bered ours two to one. No wonder,
for every chance for doing good exe
cution had been in our favor. I was
put to work carrying our wounded
into a barn, and making them com
fortable as possible. But few had been
led to fill into the hands of the enemy.
One man of our company was killed,
one wounded and left on the field, and
four captured.
In the evening we were taken into
New Market and quartered for a short
time in a bouse into which the rebel
wounded had been carried. The
ladies of the town were in attendance,
caring for the poor fellows. The street
in front of the hospital was red with
blood. My corporal captor was still
with me, and treated me very kindly.
He permitted me to pick up a blanket
ami haversack, while others were rob
bed of blankets, hats and boots, as
well as of money. He said he was
tired of I'mlitim.', but so long as the
war continued, ho would fight. He
had no negroes of his own, ami cared
nothing about them, lie coultl not
read or write.
Finally we were marched to a camp
two miles south of town. It was dark
when we arrived there, and the ground
was soaked with rain, but we kindled
(ires, and made the best of it. 1 cook
ed what meat and codec I had, and
then lay down and soon fell asleep.
Thus ended my find day of Tkisox
Life.
cot. ; i:itvs m:ss t;i:.
Wc are enabled to give but an epi
tome of the document, the whole pa" per
being too unwieldy for our columns.
It contains that generally important to
the people of the Commonwealth.
To tin; Senate and llonm: of 'i jrM'n-
tutivK of (he CoiiimtmiivaUkof Pcnn-
xilrania:
(ii'.s n.r.MF.X : lSefora performing
the customary and constitutional duty
of transmitting to you information of
the all'airs of the Commonwealth, and
recommending such measures to your
consideration as are decmud necessary
and expedient, it atl'ords me great
gratification to tender to you my most
friendly greeting on your assembling
at the Heat of ( ioveriinient, and to
welcome you to the council chambers of
the State
Our great fill aekdow ledgements are
due to the lienilicent Author of all
good for the continued prosperity ami
well being which everywhere prevails,
for the abundance which has crowned
the labbrs of the husbandman, for the
general health with which we have
been so signally favored, and for all
the enjoyments of peace, contentment
and happiness within our borders.
Our country has just emerged from
the trials and dangers of an unrighte
ous rebellion and entered upon a period
of important political struggles aris
ing therefrom. IVing convened as
the rcprescJitativcs of a confiding con
stituency, grave duties and responsi
bilities devolve upon vou to so legis
late upon the great ami manifold inter
ests committed to your charge as best
to subserve, .the welfare of the people
and arlvance the honor of the State.
The fullest confidence is entertained
that your deliberation will result bene
ficially and your public duties be
faithfully discharged ; and 011 my
part, permit me to give you assurances
of zealous co-operation in all your
labors calculated to promote the gener
al welfare. -
One of the most important duties
devolving upon the Legislature is the
consideration of the public finances.
Such action should be taken for the
provision of funds to defray the current
expenses of the Government, the pres
ervation of the credit of the Common
wealth, and the speedy extinguishment
of .the public debt, as circumstances
shall bo found to require. These
objects arc of the highest importance
and claim the first attention of the
Iicprescutatives of the people.
Tli report nf the Ktnte Trcnmirer
aliowH that the balance in the
Treasury Novemlier ;iu, lmw, was... 1,741,033 IT
tmntmry receipt uurinii me nscui
Loan for tlie redemption of the over-
ilu bonds
Peprnuinted funiU lu the Treasury
uuavailuble...
year enilinv .Nov, ,, pyr;.
8,I23A 07
28,000,000 00
41,032 00
Total In TrcniMiry forIKral ytnr
ending Ntjvembcr
lsil7....t30,a0u,W3 81
Faymcnta, via 1
Ordinary exrlensea rlnr-
Ini the fiscal year end- ,,'
liia Nov. no, iwrf. 4,W.1 M
Loan 4c, redeemed SU,DlS,na SO
Depreciated funds, una-
vailable 41.0M 00
25,5l3,Vi8 M
Balance In Treasury, November
i. HOT 4,881,830 4
Of which t he Treasury report as ap
plicable to the paymeiiv 01 ovor-
due loans, tlie sum of - ..... a,W7,tr7
Ualauce .....
1,723,8.57 01
' FIUMXESS IN THE RIGHT
WAYKESBIRG, PA., WEDNESDAY, JAIW'AUY 15, IS(i8.
Ainoiiut of thu .State debt on Novi'lu-
her:vl, -IWM r,(K.',W2 16
t lllldeil debt, viz :
Operet. rns...KVl.Hl W
.7 per et i ns... l,i'M,ir, -jt
I'iperetins. itj.oti to
.-r7,5!,-W5
Vnfundecl debt, viz
Itellef notes .
in eireuta-
tlon t'W.ffiH (X)
Interest eer-
1 1 tl c n t e ft
out -Htund-
Inu I3.0S8 S!
In't certlll-
catefi tm-
clnlmed i,m 38
10 111 CH t 1 0
1 .
ereilltors'cer-
till en 41 U7
1I4,9I 1ST
Total ontKtandlnir W.fm.imi 77'
from Hhleh ileiluet the
ain't, lu Treasury up.
plteuhle to the pay- 4
incut of overdue loans. 2,lKr7,(rs..y
Amount redeemed ituriuc fiscal year
tmditl'4 Novemlier;), 1
RV.,tr.D 91
That the operations of the slnkltm land may
be elearlv understol, the follouini; "reeupltn
latlon" Is iiioted from the report or the Com
missioners tor the year ending September uid,
1 strr :
llalanee In slnklni! mini, September f
WI7 8 3,T'.-,V1 77
l!e.eipt In fund tor year cndlnsi
S-'plember 3, JmjT
r.,S10 ID
UtIS.I'iJ Hi
llsbursement :
Paid Interest
Loans redeemed
I'remiums
iJomi'Kiic Creditors..
K.57.VW) ."1
1,!IVI,")I .VI
1,170,2V) Hi
llalanie In fund....
t l,M7,!H-J II
I!v the slxthseelloll of t lie net of Slay HI, lw.l,
a special lax ol one-half uiill on thed ih.lliir was
especially set apart'for the pa nu nt ot the Inter
est, and redemption ot the lean created by an
ac t of Mav is, IMll, entitled "An Act to create 11
loan and'provlde lor aniline the btate."
The receipts Irom said tax and tax on
gross ri eeipts amounts to f 1J0I17S 17
l.iii.r.jut ti'iflil III h'i-liroiirv mid All-
'uusi.Mi; Mti.2i.ino
Italance on hand
Public debt, Nov. S), IiiT
.$ :il'i,a:i r
:ll,7ia,l;ll 'i-.'
Assets in Treasury, viz:
ponds ol'the I'euns; Iva-
nlii Itailroad t'ompa-
ny J O.'iOU.OoO W
llnuds of the Philadel
phia and l'.rle Iliiltroad
Company
3,.W,0"0 00
lnteri si on bonds of the
Philadelphia and Mrifl
Itailroad Company 7l,IW,in ml
Cash In Treasury 1.7il,"o7 !U
Liabilities in excess of assets i2l,HI2,.17:i 31
The promptitude with which citizens
oi reniisvlviiiiKV came forwanl last.
April iiiul took the whole amount of
the twenty-three million loan, (the bids
' 1 f .1 .1 ,:i
Deing lor upwards 01 miny-uircu imi
lions.) mav be considered a most aus
pieious eireiimstance in the financial
history of the Stale, and indicate 1111-
Imiinilcil eonlnleiice 111 tins gooil laiti
a'ld substantial credit of the Common
wealth. The foregoing statement of
tlie finances is set forth with pleasure,
in consequence of their flourishing con
dition. In addition thereto, the balance in
favor of the (icncral (!overnnient for
I'ensylvania's quota of the direct tax
levied in the several Slates for war
purposes and for cash from the United
States, amounting in all to nearly two
bullions of dollars, has been settled in
full by the allowance of claims for ex
traordinary expenses incurred by the
State during the war.
The ( Joveinoi- then advises the Leg
islature to authorize the loan of four
millions of dollars now idle in the
Treasury, which at four per cent,
would realize yearly the sum of $Ki(,
000, to the Slate, and also be a great
relief to our commercial interest, lie
also recommends the increase of the
salarv of the Treasurer as the mcansof
preventing fraud.
The report of the Superintendent of
the Common Schools exhibits a full
view of our excellent system of public
instruction, which is widely dill'using
its blessings by securing a sound and
substantial education to all the chil
dren of the State.
At the close of the year the number
of School districts in the Slate was
I, 8!K) ; the number of schools 1:1, l-".o;
graded schools, 2,1 17 ; school directors
I I, 5;$ I ; county, city and borough su
intendents, (iA; teachers, 1(5,51!.'$; pu
pils, 7S!),:$S0; tho cost of tuition,?:!,
OLS,()(55,70 ; building, $1 ,2J2,7SS,S ;
contingencies, $790,675,:$;$; tuition,
building and contingencies, 5,0S1,
5.$9,71 ; and the amount expended for
all purposes relating to schools, 5,
100,750,17.
Your attention is particularly invi
ted to the want of uniformity and con
stant change of books in the public
schools. These are matters of serious
inconvenience and needless expense to
the poor.and might easily lie remedied
by judicious legislation.
' The chief aim of our system of com
mon schools is to place the advantages
of an education within tlie reach of all
children of the Commonwealth; when
it is considered that intelligence aud vir
tue arc the principal safeguards of our
institutions, this system earnestly
claims tho fostering care and wise gui
dance of the legislature.
Serious complaints have been made
concerning the neglect of tho educa
tion of the children in the alms and
poor houses of some of the counties in
the State. They are pcrmitcd to grow
up in idleness and ignorance, and when
sent ;ipon the world to cam a living
are better prepared ro receive lessons
of vice than those of usefulness. The
directors of these institutions should
be compelled, by law, to send such
children to common school, or providp
C roper schools for them, and it should
e made the duty of common school
superintendents to supervise and en
force the execution of the law.
The annual report of the Superin
tendent of the Soldiers' Orphans'
School was made up to include the
30th of November, 18CC. Tlie appro
priation for that year, extending from
January 1, 18G6 to January 1, 18G7,
was insufficient to cover the expenses
of the wholo year; and consequently
those of December 1806, were unpaid.
The next appropriation, under the
present law, extends from January
1,1807, to June 1, 18C8. It was,
therefore, determined that there was
no legal authority to apply any part of
AS (SODGIVES tte TO SEE THE
it to tho iMfvirteiit of expenses prior to
January 1807, hence those incurred in
December, IStiG amounting to 31,-
010,77, remain unpaid.
No calculations can luriiish an esti
mate of the benefits that are constant
ly flowing from these institutions.
Thousands of orphan children are en
joying their parental care, moral cul
ture, and educational training, who
would have otherwise suffered poverty
anil want, and Ijeein left to grow up
in idleness amr'neglect. Many a wid
ow's heai't'hits been gladdened by the
protecting comfort and religious solic
itude extended to her fatherless off
spring, ami thousands are tho prayers
devot'illy littered for those who have
not been iiumindfull of them in the
time of their alllietion. In making the
generousdispositioil it hasdonefor these
destitute and helpless orphans, the
Legislature deserve and receives tho
hearty thanks of every goifd citizen, all
of whom will cordially approve a con
tinuance of that beniticence. In
shielding, protecting and educating
the children of our dead soldiers the
Legislature is nobly performing its
(hit v. Those, children are not the
mere objects of our charity or pension
ers upon our bounty; but the wards
ol'the Commonwealth, and have just
claims earned by tho blood of their
fathers, upon its support and guardian
ship, which can only be withheld at
the sacrifice of philanthropy, honor,
patriotism, Statu pride, and every
principal of humanity.
Concerning the Agricultural Col
lege he states that tho commissioners
appointed by the Legislature to sell
the land scrip have completed the sales
which amount to 129,186,8!). In ac
cordance with the act of Assembly, the
the one-tenth of the proceeds has been
applied to the purchase of sites for
"Model Kxporinicntal Farms," and tho
residue invested as follows: $126,000
in United States 5-20 bonds; $20,000
in Pennsylvania war loan, and $2;$5,
000 in tho Pennsylvania bonds of
18(57.
The college has been thoroughly
reorganized in order to make it fully
respond fo objects and requirements of
the act of Congress, anil to the educa
tional interest of industrial classes, and
to meet these ends it now gives courses
of instruction in general science agri
culture, mechanical and civil enginfer
ing, metallurgy and mining, ancient
and modern languages, and military
tactics, employing a faculty compris
ing six professors and two instrncfors
in the college, department, and three
instructors in the grammar school.
This important educational enterprise
in the interest of iigri'-nlture ami the
mechanical arts deserves favorable
con-ideration.
The volunteer militia should be in
creased. I he law ot lhti 1, though ex
cellent in many respects, does not
meet thu requirements of the times,
and alterations and amendments are
needed before it can accomplish all the
contemplated and desired objects.
The minimum of men necessary to
form a company is entirely too high
and in many places where smaller
companies would be formed, it is im
possible to raise them in accordance
Willi the ratio established by the act.
From the report of the Adjutant (icn
cral, it will he seen that thcivarc now
but thirty-tight iniifirmcl compa
nies in the State, comprising only about
three thousand men, whilst the sug
gested amendments, which should be
made as early as possihle, would in
crease the organizations to any desir
able extent, and tend to renew and
keep alive in oursoldiersthc memories
of the service, and to preserve the mil
itary "ardor born of our recent strug
gles for national existence.
The statement is made that the hos
pitals in the State nfliird nccomodatiop
for only two thoii.-anrl.-"IIeiice there
are-li I Veen hundred for whom no pro
vision is made, and many of them are
languishing in the county prisons and
ahiis-hou.-.es.
Progress is reported in the revision
of the civil code of laws on the follow
ing points:
Fir.-t The correction of the lediin
daneies, omissions, repetitions and in
consistencies of the existing statutes.
Second The framing of general
laws as substitutes fir the Innumerable
local statutes, which for many years
have comprised the bulk of the acts of
Assembly and occupied tho attention
of the Legislature to the dcteriment of
general legislation.
Third The conferring upon the
courts many powers now exercised by
the Legislature, and which, it is lic
lieved, will greatly relievo that Ixxly
by decreasing the demand for special
legislation and allowing ampler oppor
tunity lbr tho consideration of the
public interests.
The gentlemen comprising the com
mission have prepared a large number
of biIlsrmost of which will lc laid
before you at an early day? The most
important of these, which should re
ceive early and favorable action of the
Legislature, are those relating to cor
poration9,thc poor, public highways,
evidence and interest. 4
The Auditor General, Secretary 'of
the Commonwealth and State J reas
urcr, appointed by the Legislature nt
its last session to revise ana digest the
tax laws of the State, Lave discharg
ed that duty. Their report will bo
submitted nt an early day, and I bo
spenk for it that careful examination
which the importance of the subject
deserves.
Tho Message here calk attention to
the fact that at tho last liessioii certain
r
IUGHT. Lincoln.
bills were passed in which large num
bers of citizens were, deeply interested,
the Eisnousibilitv for which, alter the
adjournment, but few members could
bo found willing to assume, or even
to admit any knowledge of their pas
sage, it is expected mat every legis
lator should be acquainted with all
that is transpiring in the legislative
halls. He is not simply chosen to
give his support to certain bills which
have been called to Ins individual at
tention, but to be constantly on the
alert to frustrate every act that may
have a tendency to jeopardize the pub
lie interests. To plead ignorance after
a real or imaginary wrong has ticen
done, is to acknowledge a want of at
tention to the trust reposed by his eon
stituents. Ono bill, tho authorship
and knowledge of which lias been gen
erally disclaimed passed both branches
of the Assembly, ami was sent in duo
form, with thu signatures of both offi
cers, lor the Lxeciitive approval, and
in several instances bills were passed
and sent for approval in duplicate.
All such hasty legislation should be
avoided and tlie members of the sess
ion now about to commence be cnabl
ed at its close to give an account of
their participation in every act, how
ever unimportant. The Legislature,
coming ns it dries, fresh from the
ranks of the people, should sot an ex
ample in economy, retrenchment am
reform. It is the custodian of the
public interests, and anv unnecessary
cvtravagance or prodigality in the ex
penditure of public money is repre
hem-iiile. J t was a matter oi common
notoriety at the last session that a
number of subordinate oflieers, in both
branches of the Assembly, were ap
pointed, to whom liberal salaries were
paid, and who were never seen at
their designated posts and rendered no
service to the State. This practice has
been emphatically condemned by the
press and thu people, and will not be
continued by any legislature which
means to aciiuiro a reputation for a
faithful performance of duty. Your
attention is respectfully invited to the
law on this subject as contained m sec
tion fifteen to eighteen of the act ap
proved tho 7th day of Mav 1805.
Your attention is directed to the
practice of withholding thcanuual ap
propriation bill until tho latest mo
ments ot the session. In the public
estimation great importance is attach
ed to this bill, and .no action ol'the
Legislature undergoes a closer or
more careful scrutiny. Its provisions
coip-erii the entire community, and in
their enactment too much caution can
not be observed. Last year the ap
propriation bill was not passed .until
the last night of tho session,: when it
was hurried through both" branches of
the legislature, and on the following
morning presented (or approval, with
out nllording time for the necessary in
vestigation, and subjecting tho Execu
tive to thealternativeof signing it Willi
all its imperfections, or suspending lor
the ensuing year the indispensable
means lor the operations of tlie State
(iovcrntmjut. It is, therefore earnestly
desired that the appropriation bill be
taken up, discussed and passed at a
sufficiently, early period during tno
se-sion to enable, it to receive that
thorough examination which its im
portance demands.
The subject of a general railroad
law has long been agitated and al
though it has found opponents, but
few objections have been urged against
it, while arguments accumulate in its
favor. It seems impossible that any
person can receive injury from its
adoption, whilst its benefits may lie
felt by all classes of citizens. Even
I ho chartered companies have unreas
onable grounds for opposition. The
intention of the proposed law is not to
deprive them of any vested rights or
franchises ; but to secure to others the
simc privihgis and opportunities fir
competition. It will open new avc-niii.-s
to distant markets ; improve the
value of property ; give new impulse
to immigration ; put additional lands
under cultivation; stUbtrfelie,': trade,
agriculture, manufactured and me
chanic arts to increased energy : fur
nish greater inducement and liicilities
for travel, and to our general pros
perity. Other States have tried tho
experiment wifli satisfactory results,
and there is no reason why Pennsyl
vania should bo a laggard in the
grand march of progress anil improve
ment. Next to the importance of cheating
additional railroads on the fre? prin
ciple, is the reduction of charges for
passage and freight to minimum rates.
This is a matter that concerns every
individual.. Transportation will in
crease in quantity in proportion to the
reduction of its cost and as the facili
ties increase and the costs docrcaso, the
more vigorous will. lie tlie develop
ment of our industrial resonrccs. Rail
roads, will derive more benefit from
low than from exdrbitantcharges.
A report is herewith submitted of
the pardons, remissions of fines, for
feited recognizance and death warrants,
issued by ' me during the past year,
with a tabular statement of those issn
ed from 1791 to tho present time.
This rcjiort is made In accordance with
a sense of duty to tho Legislature and
the public who havo a right to be in
formed in what manner and to whnt
extent tho Executive clemency has
l)cen employed, toward convicted
criminals. . It i also duo to the Ex
ecutive himself that his action in this
regard should understood. On no
subject has there been greater mis
reprcseiitatiau than ou thai which re
EDITOR AM) PUBLISHER.
no. 29.
lates to thu exercise of the pardoning
power. Accusations have repeatedly
been published of its abuse, and cases
have been cited in proof thereof, which
were never even presented to my
notice. Criminals were liberated from
prison after sentence, and clamors rais
ed in relation to their pardon in cases
in which no appeal tor clemency . had
ever been made; Upon investigation,
it had been ascertained that a custom
prevails in the Court of Quarter Ses
sions of Philadelphia, to reconsider,
remit and clinnge sentences, weeks ami
months after their delivery, and in
this, much of tho misrepresentation
has originated. During tlie last year,
ns many convicts were liberated from
the Movumcusuig ail as were pardon
ed by mo from all the prisons in the
Commonwealth. I$esides which a
number more have had their terms of
sentence reduced. How, or when, or
under what authorihythis custom ori
ginated, it is impossible to learn j but
that it is Iiablo to abuse, and is with
out the sanction of law, seems evident
1 lie scntenco of a convict is a matter
of grave importance, and should re
ceive most serious consideration before
it is determined upon and delivered ;
for when .it has Leconio a matter of
record, the criminal passes beyond the
jurisdiction of the court, aim there is
no legal or constitutional remedy even,
lor errors that may no committed, ex
eept through appeal to the Executive.
If a pidge tun remit or shorten a sen
fence, he can increase it, and that is a
power dangerous to allmv any one to
wield. And further, if it be lawful
for the judge of ono court to remit
sentence at pleasure, it follows that
judges of nil other courts should be in
vested with thu same prerogative; and
it requires no argument to show to
what a dangerous extent it might be
used. Happily, the custom appears
to be conliued to the court named, as
judges in other courts disclaim any such
authority.
Former Legislatures havo had their
attention called to the fact that persons
are now confined in our county prisons
uiidevsentenee of death, some of them
for many years, whose death warrants
were never issued, and towards whom
the peveral Governors, during whose
term thcvwcrcHcntenced,could not dis
cover sullioientcauso for the exercise of
thu pardoning powor. The custom
has been for each Governor to decline
issuing a death warrant which had
been , within, Id by his 'predecessor.
Hence, these convicts, sentenced to
death, fur whose execution tho previ
ous Governors did not issue warrants,
and whom, it is presumed, they be
lieved deserved a milder punishment,
must cither bo pardoned or remain
prisoners for life. To remedy this the
Governor should bo vested with au
thority to commute the death penalty
in the cases only to which allusion has
been made, to such u term of impris
onment ns his judgment would ap
prove, and to remove tho convicts from
county jails to the penitentiaries.
A brief refcrenco to tho conJition nf the
country will bo proper, and will doubt!; ss bo
expected by nil for tlio supprossion of Iho rc
belion, mid who aro now cipiully in enniest In
tln'lr wishes and cndi'i.vowio sueuro an curly,
final and permanent settlement of our national
ililBculties, upon the basis of loyalty nnd patri
otism. Contrary tn tho hopes of the great masses ot
one people, that portion of Iho country which
was lately in rebellion has not yet attained
complete tranquility. And this aoems to have
been inevitable ; for all history tcivlics us that
people who engage in the perpetri.lion of high
crimes cannot entirely nor immediately escape
their consequences. Nor, perhaps, is it de
sirable that they should. However this may
be, it is certain that perfect repose cannot be
secured unlil tho insurrectionary Stales sh ill
resume their original practical rotations to the
Ocneral Government.
oil-, when and throwjh whom, Ibis can be best
done, is tho great question ot the present.
That the views nnd conceptions of a single
individual, however high hsmnybe acciden
tally and temporarily-exalted, should be allow
ed to control or (ltyyjjjvlJfjVflrti'Stion, can
not fjlliltcrit tie conceded. Tho Con
stitution provides that the United States shall
guarantee to every State in the Union a re
publican lorm of government .and where the
will of tho t eoplc is tho acknowledged law
of the land, it requires an extraordinary
amount of political effrontery to amime that a
Chief Execntive of the nation to any degree or
under any circumstances, is the United States.
And yet in effect or substance, if not in
plain terms this wag assumed shortly after the
surrender of Lee and his armed forces, by tho
President; and ho has continued to act on
this assumption, even in his lato annual mess
age, in which, while claiming, in words un
known to our forefathers and nnr institutions,
to be tho "elected defender,'' of the people
he arrogantly calls on Congress to '-immediately
strike from tho statute book." its recoo.
struction laws.
That Congress "will surrender Its plan of
reconstruction" to this manifestly despotic
demand, cannot bo even imagined or conjec
tured. That plan, carefully matured as it wis,
and fully approved when it was adirect Issue
before the people, is eminently jnst, wise and
patriotic. It insists that men who were loyal
in acts during the rebellion, or loyal in their
feelings should alone partcipate in the Imme
diate government of the "insurrectionary dis
tricts." Ooing beyond the mere surface, it rests
ultimately on the Important doctrine, that tho
destinies of Uie nation can only be safe "in the
bands of Its friends ;" of those whoso political
and uioml natures remain suiHcleutly pure to
feel the Impulses of patriotism and the obliga
tions of oaths.
That which antagonizes Uie Congressional
plan, which has obstructed, and persistently
endeavored to defeat It, first Ignores all these
important considerations. Having dona this,
it consistently maintains that those who devis
ed the mo-it Infamous measures ot war, and
for years relentlessly perpetrated, Id aid of
their purposes, theft, plunder, murdor, starva
'.Tonus of ArivertUitnfl;
AMI
JOB WOIK,
. . :' ... (.I ft1 luM UMTII
Am i:nrrKir:. i ue..-. n-i. ...
for tliree Imurlloiw, itiul BO rnt lt our
for men iuUliltoni instriion; un iinr. ...
counted mtimno. All transient tulvortlsenienwr
to lie paid for In lulvutice.
I'.l'KIXJXS Mirier wmnuer int. nw.y.
Hewn will lieuluirtjod Invariably SO cat 110
forivieh Insertion.
A II brrnl tleiluet Ion mode to person wTtntls
lnx hytlie quarter, Imir-veur or year. Hwwljl
tiotlenelintseil one-half more lima rrgnnr ao
vertlsenientK, . . . , ,
Jon I'KtNTtN'O of everv klml In fiiln nml PiJI
cv colore; KhmI-I.UIs, Uliuiks.CardB Tampblet
Ae., ol everv variety ami mylo, piloted ut Ilia
siioriewi noiiee, i lie ivi.i i u w : ; '
Just lieeu re-tUtitl, and every thing lu the crlul-
niaiiiiernuil lit tun iowe.st.Tuic.
11IK line cull e eAirviuo mw
tion nnd assassination the very leaUursnl tlio
rebellion should bo allowed, after their in-
voliintnry failure, to posses all the rights and
tirlvilece of irood citizens. That s scheme so
absurd aud dangerous should be sternry oppos
ed by every true patriot, ought to admit oi no
doubt. The fact that It has some advooatos
render It more important to sustain the con
trary proposition.
In my Inaugural address, I said, "that while)
Pennsylvania will confide In a loyal Congress,
she will not hesitate to sustain It by her Infill- '
ence and power." This I repent. Nor can 1
be induced to change this purpose nor do I .
bcllevo the pcoplo of the State can be, by ap- ,
nn..l. t.x fl.a I, II 111 .1 M it D ri atlldni nf (lilt l?A ftnfl
tho invocation of mercy for those whose atro-
cious deeds have darken -the pages of our hisV
tory. It has been well said,; "thf pHf dt ha
macistrato which stiff. -rs a criminal dbngerous
to society to escipe from deserved punishment ,
In not m,.rnv lull wrMlltnpW.' Tr!MHlierC?tn-
cllnes us to pity nnd relieve the vt'JM"1
I -..-.I... . I.... In .MAMlanni 'ttfett.Mi.a- .
111UI guiliy , liutuiiijr ill m.."iviii-v ,.jw-.
lice. And it may well be added .that it is l
least n weakness, if not a crime, to permit un
repentant nnd only outwardly subdued tral
turs, to exccrclse tho clectivo franchise, hold
olllcss, ortako part In tho deliberations and
legislation of tho nation. Its stability and
prosperity, tho welfare of the people now and
hereafter, cannot permit these things to ba
done.
Individual interests, ns well ns the general
financial condition of our national affairs would
bo greatly benefited by tho simplification of
Internal revenue taxation reducing the number
of articles taxed and insuring honesty nnd
failhl'uluess iu collection. The reduction of
taxes on tlio necessaries of life and on manu
factures that aro in competition with tho, pro
ducts of fii-c'gu labor should be eneoiirigecl.
while the tax ou luxuries aud imports should
bo made sulllcient to susUjin tho expenses of
tho Government. ; ;
Thu nooiilo of Pennsylvania, ever true to
tlie Union, nnd unswerving In their determi
nation to preserve Its honor, integrity and
perpetuity, are proud and free to assert the
sac-redness of Ihp national debt, and that Its
ultlmntivn payment In full must be secured.
As regards the tarilf, t he protection ofhomo
labor and resources, I need only refer to the
views expressed1 In my inaugural. Time and
continued reflection havo strengthened the
views therein expressed, nut this, suojsot is
eommitcd to tho watchful care of onr Itopre-
sentaUvos in Congress, and it is hoped their'
labors w!U bo crowned with tlio happiest con
sequences. 8'irely tho United States should
protect and defend her own industry and skill
her own toiiirg millions 1
I earnestly invoke the blessing of Almighty
God upon your deliberations, and that he will
prosper your exertion to promote the nooplo
and tho welfare of our hMovod Common
wealth. ( Jio. W. Qkary. .
ExCCCTIVuCltAMIIEn, )
Ilarrlsburg, January 7, '(is.)
Tnv Tuts Pi.a. Voting man, another year
has passed away nnd yet, you hnvo no money
Lift of all your yenr's Ialjor. Why is It you
don't know well, wc do, and wo will toll you
plainly why. you nro without money to day.
You havs smoked and glveu away stneo last
New Year's day about 800 cigars, each cl,jrar
cost you flvo cents. You have used ench week
n'lout one plug of ten ce t tt bci o You hnvd
taken about .100 drinks of oldryr whiskey nt ten
cents each. You have taken about 40 plates
of oysters when you were not needing them,
and raid S.i cents for each. Now lot us sco
whnt all amounts to:
.KID cigars at 5 cents each cost $!." 00
r,2 plugs of tobacco ilt 10 cents, cost 5 20
.100 drinks nt ten cents each, cost 80 00
40 pl t'es of oysters at 2. cents 10 00
This only nmonnls to eixiy dollars, but you
know idling man that we have not made our
calculation half as high as you would have to
make it if put on oath and if so, you have
foolishly thrown away ? 1 20 since lust New
Year's tiny. If you do Ibis during a life time
of fifty years, you will lose $(1000, or lf m
terest Is counted as it should be, you will be
$lfi,0(M) out of pocket.
How toMake Oood l'olTe.
' . "I - ki '
Good coffee is a luxury, but one that
is seldom met with. . It is "dunbtfiil
whether ono family in a dozcrt knoVv
what really good coffee is. Though
we have published "lino ' upon ' line"
upon the sidijcct,we ive.the,. following
from a lady correspondent of thci Ger
mnntown Telrffraph, iirtd hope 'some 6f
our lady readers will give the recom
mended a trial, and report to us the re
sult. The making of good coffee w a rare
thing in this country ; most persons
boil it, thus making a'decotion instead
of an infusion ; this cfTeetnnliy gets rid
of the delicate and agreeable aromatic
flavor, and leaves a- comparatively
tasteless beverage. TJie following par
ticulars will bo found worth atteu
tion : ' '
Never by you f. coffee ground, but
grind it yourself, immediately 'before
using it ; keep your coffee pot, whatev
er kind you may use, wiped, clean ami
dry inside; a dump tea or coffee pot
acquires a niusty flavor that spoil
the best tea or cofTcc. The cheapest
and perhaps tho best, coffee pots are
those made on tho French plan, called
cafotieres. Ifyouhavenotoneof these,
adopt the following plan : Put your
freshly ground coffee into the coffeo
pot previously made warm, and pouc
upon it water actually boiling; act the
pot by the side of the Are lor a, few
seconds, but do not let it Ixnl up; then
pour a cupful out and return it lock
again to the pot, in order to clear U ;
having done this let it stand on thohbb
or eentro to settle, and in ksa than
five minutes a h-ansparcnt, strong, ar
ometic cup ef coffee may bo poured out.
The proportions of coffeo ( which should
not bo too finely ground) recommend
ed, are an ounce to a pint and: a half of
water. ' -v.i-.t J 'v-n
Tho milk used with endue- ahpald
always be boiled nnd used as , hot , as
possible; the boiling of milk imports a
peculiar and exceedingly pleasant fla
vor to thejeoffec. 'WhitcHiirrarig recom
mended, as the molasses like flavor of
moist sugar quito over powers, tho
dclicato aroma, t