Wastewater Environmentally Friendly
WASHINGTON, D.C. Agriculture Secretary
Ann M. Veneman announced recently that USDA
scientists have developed a process that can remove
phosphorus from swine production wastewater and
turn it into a solid, marketable fertilizer, while con
verting the leftover effluent into a liquid crop ferti
lizer that is more environmentally friendly than
manure.
“This technology is a good example of how agri
cultural research can provide benefits to everyone
through environmental protection and improve
ment,” said Veneman. “This research provides an
opportunity to help farmers better protect the envi
ronment and enhance the soil they use for plant
ing.”
The process was developed by soil scientists
Matias Vanotti, Ariel Szogi and Patrick Hunt at the
Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research
Center, operated by USDA’s Agricultural Research
Service in Florence, S.C. ARS is the chief scientific
research agency of USDA.
Tl\e new process has several positive implica
tions. Removing phosphorus from wastewater can
cut down on any excess phosphorus that may run
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off into streams and rivers. Excess amounts of phos
phorus can lead to oxygen depletion in water bodies.
During processing, hydrated lime precipitates
most of the phosphorus in the wastewater as a solid
and converts it into a marketable phosphate ferti
lizer. This phosphorus could be a boon to the ferti
lizer industry, because world reserves of the
nutrient are limited.
Another benefit is that the high pH achieved by
the process destroys disease-causing pathogens
present in the leftover liquid.
Meanwhile, the effluent contains a nitrogen-to
phosphorus ratio greater than 12 to 1-ideal for crop
irrigation, which requires an 8-to-l ratio. Regular
manure offers a nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio of 4 to
1.
This higher nitrogen-phosphorus ratio translates
into less excess phosphorus on land on which the
treated wastewater is applied.
A patent application has been submitted for the
combined nitrogen- and phosphorus-removal pro
cesses, which will be tested through next summer at
a full-scale demonstration facility that opened ear
lier this month in Duplin County, N.C.
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