Herbicide-Resistant Weed
(Continued from Page 6)
sibility that a genetic variation
makes it more resistant than other
plants.
“Here at UD we will be working
with Virginia Tech to seek the
mechanism for this resistance,” he
said. “The difference might have to
do with the uptake of herbicides by
the plant, or in its movement
throughout the plant and into cells.
Or perhaps the plant biochemically
breaks down the herbicide into an
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inactive compound.”
To date, instances of glyphosate
resistance around the world can be
counted on one hand. A goosegrass
in Malaysia and an annual rye grass
in Australia and California have
been identified as resistant.
Waterhemp, a weed from the Mid
west, also has reduced sensitivity to
glyphosate. And now, resistant
marestail has been identified in Del
aware.
VanGessel is unaware of a prob-
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lem in controlling this weed any
where else. He points out, however,
that the resistant weeds in local
fields each developed independ
ently.
“The fields in Delaware are not in
close proximity to each other.”
Word is getting out about this
weed, VanGessel said. He also will
publish his research and post the
data online at the Weed Science So-
NORCROSS, Ga. As we
move into the 2001 growing
season, it is a good idea to
take another look at the crop
nutrient budget for each
field.
Since last fall, new soil test
information may be in hand
that can give a better picture
of soil nutrient status, partic
ularly any areas of fields that
may be marginal in meeting
crop needs for all nutrients.
Remember that unless all nu
trients are at optimum levels,
there is a high risk of limiting
yields. For example, most ef
ficient nitrogen use depends
on potassium and phos
phorus supplies in the high
range.
Some intended fall appli
cations of potash and phos
phate were not completed
last fall. Be sure to add those
in the spring to keep nutrient
management plans on track.
On level or gently sloping
fields, take advantage of
frozen ground to get fertilizer
applied with the least soil
compaction. Even if it means
planting delays, maintaining
soil nutrient levels avoids un
necessary risk. Since nu
trients are basic components
of yield, there is no way to
produce optimum yields with
sub-optimum nutrient sup
plies.
Have crop plans changed?
Shifting plans for a field from
soybeans to corn, for exam
ple, may mean a need to
adjust fertilizer application
plans from what was in
tended last fall. If final 2000
yields were higher than ex
pected, adjust fertilizer appli
cation to account for higher
crop removal. Don’t short
change the next crop.
Review research reports.
New information from uni
versity and industry sources
may provide guidance in
fine-tuning nutrient plans.
Check with your dealer, your
extension office, and various
Internet Websites for the
latest information.
Lancaster Fanning, Saturday, April 21,2001, Foraging Around-
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ciety of America at http://
ext.agn.uiuc.edu/wssa/.
“Our recommendation to growers
is to be diligent in rotating herbicide
chemistries no matter what crop
they are planting.”
For more information about
herbicide-tolerant weeds, contact
VanGessel at (302) 856-7303 or
mjv@udel.edu.
Review plans with your
dealer and crop adviser. They
may have gained some new
information from winter
training sessions that will be
important to your situation.
Most dealers and crop advis
ers attend a series of update
sessions each winter to stay in
tune with latest research and
recommendations. They are
part of your management de
cision “team,” so take advan
tage of their support.
Review the short-term and
long-term. Don’t interrupt
progress toward soil test and
yield goals. Often these plans
take several years to imple
ment and must bridge
weather, yield, and market
cycles. A good plan imple
mented systematically is the
best approach to reaching
those goals and maintaining
profitability.
If spring weather patterns
result in a tight schedule for
planting, plans may need to
be adjusted again. If potas
sium and phosphorus soil
tests are high, you may be
able to delay applications
with minimal risk. But be
sure to adjust plans for next
season accordingly. If soil
tests are medium or below,
there is a much higher risk of
reduced yields if the fertilizer
is not applied. It is important
to provide the needed nu
trients.
For nitrogen, cutting back
or delaying application poses
a higher risk. While it may be
possible to get by with a
slightly lower rate when ap
plied in spring, the option of
not applying nitrogen doesn’t
exist. It is also important to
review weather since fall ap
plications were made to
determine whether nitrogen
losses would be expected. If
nitrogen was applied before
soil temperatures cooled
down, or if fall through
spring rainfall has been unu
sually high, there may be a
need for supplemental nitro
gen application.
211