(Continued from Page 72)
member that previous vaccination does not ensure
immunity and that there is no precise way to measure
stresses and their effects on a group of animals.
Postshipment conditioning
Once calves arrive at their destination, they can be pro
cessed during unloading, but preferably several weeks later
when they have adjusted to their new surroundings.
The following procedures should be considered for either
of these processing dates, except for vaccination with modi
fied live virus vaccines such as nasogen and BVD, which
should be done only at the later date:
• Animal identification-Eartags are generally recom
mended for this purpose.
• Ear implantation of growth stimulant. (Not required if
done preshipment.)
• Grub, mange, and lice treatment-Grub control is rec
ommended after the fly season but before November in
cattle of Pennsylvania origin, and before October in cattle of
southern origin. (Not required if done preshipment.)
• Intestinal parasite treatment-Both worm and coccidia
problems can be evaluated by fecal exam. (Not required if
done preshipment.)
• Injections of vitamins A, D, E, and selenium-injections
may not be needed, depending on the forage and supple
ments provided in the feeding program. (Not required if
done preshipment.)
• Vaccination
-Intranasal IBR and PI3
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Mon.-Fri. 6am-6pm
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-Clostridial diseases (Blackleg, malignant edema, and en
terotoxemia-perfringens, type D-are most important.)
-Haemophilus somnus.
-Leptospirosis, BVD, and pasteurella (optional).
The cattle should be permitted to fill on good-quality hay
immediately on arrival and then have access to unlimited
water. This feeding practice reduces the chance of electro
lyte deficiency, which occurs when thirsty animals fill up on
water at the expense of hay intake.
Handling A Disease Outbreak
In the event of a disease outbreak, certain procedures
may be useful in assessing and managing the animals:
1. Closely monitor the animals for the first ten days after
arrival; this is a critical period. Look for animals with any of
these disease symptoms: dirty, dry muzzle; ears tipped
downward; persistent cough; dull eyes; abnormal manure;
tucked-up posture; gaunt appearance; dehydration; tend
ency to stay away from the feed bunk. Rapid detection of
symptoms is essential because immediate treatment is one
of the most beneficial measures in reducing respiratory dis
ease damage.
2. Check the rectal temperatures of suspected diseased
animals in the morning during hot weather. Temperatures
higher than 104° probably indicate a fever.
3. Separate sick animals from the others for daily assess
ment and treatment for at least there to five days.
4. Consult a veterinarian about selection of drugs, treat-
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(Turn to Page 74)
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