Using MUN
(ContlniMd from Pag* 26)
“dilutes” the high protein in pasture.
This helps utilize the rumen degrad
able protein which is then incorpor
ated into rumen microbial protein. If
cows are fed only pastures or relative
ly low levels of supplemental energy,
it is expected that the urea formed
from the excess dietary nitrogen
would elevate milk urea nitrogen
(MUN) levels.
Milk Urea Nitrogen (MUN)
Measurement of MUN has been
available for a few years from Pa.
DHIA and serves as a tool to monitor
the nutrition program, or the dietary
protein and carbohydrate balance. The
nutritional basis for using MUN test
ing as a monitoring tool is that excess
dietary protein in relation to ruminal
available carbohydrates will result in
elevated MUN. Low dietary protein in
relation to high rumen available car
bohydrates will result in low MUN.
“Normal” levels of MUN arc consid
ered to range from 10 to 16 mg/100 ml
of milk.
High quality pasture with high pro
tein would be expected to increase
MUN. There is limited information
available to show this to be the case
with grazing dairy cows. In a current
research study at Penn State, we have
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Foraging Around, Lancaster Farming, Saturday, February 12, 2000—Page 2'
found that cows receiving only pas
ture in the spring (no supplement) had
MUNs of 16 mg/100ml. In contrast,
grazing cows fed supplemental grains
had MUNs of 10.5 mg/100 ml. There
is clearly a difference which suggests
some inefficiency in protein utiliza
tion with only pasture.
Field Studv
A two-year field study in New York
with 31 dairy farms found that the ma
jority of the grazing herds had MUN
levels were within the 10 to 16 mg/ml
range that is considered “normal.” We
conducted a field study two years ago
where milk samples monitored every
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two weeks during the spring averaged
14 to IS mg/100 ml for three grazing
herds.
The relatively “normal” MUN
levels for pastured herds imply that ni
trogen utilization in grazing herds is
“normal.” Most of the producers in
our study and the New York study
were balancing the rations and using
feeding strategies to utilize available
protein from pasture.
Grazing herds that are fed low
amounts of supplemental grain and
supplemental feedstuffs can likely
benefit from routine monitoring of
MUN.
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