Page 30-Farm Show Section 2, Lancaster Farming, Friday, January 9. 1998
COLUMBUS. Ohio Startled
animals, manure gases, diseases,
loud noises, and a lot of dust make
raising livestock a dangerous oc
cupation, said Ohio State Univer
sity Extension Veterinarian Gary
Bowman.
One out of every six injuries on
the farm involve animals. No ani
mal, no matter how gentle, can be
completely trusted, especially if it
is being subjected to something
out of the ordinary.
“A dairy cow may let you
handle her udder with no problem,
but she may have a completely
different personality if you’re go
ing to look at her foot,” Bowman
said.
When an animal gets excited or'
startled, it is not uncommon for a
handler to be bitten, bruised,
kicked, or run over. The mother
ing instinct makes female animals
especially aggressive when pro
ducers handle newborns, and male
animals can become hostile if
someone interferes with breeding.
In general, livestock producers
should always be cautious and
shouldn’t trust bulls or boars.
Bowman said.
Some animal breeds are more
aggressive than others, so hand
lers should be aware of breed
characteristics and dispositions.
“I’ve seen beef cattle remodel
too many barns by crashing
through fences or running into
walls,” Bowman said.
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Raising Livestock Has Many Hazards
Even facilities can play a rede.
Poorly maintained chutes, fences,
stalls and ramps make animals
think escape is possible, so they
become more active. Veterinar
ians often treat or diagnose ani
mals in areas not designated for
hospital woik, and when the ani
mals make sudden movements,
the veterinarian get an accidental
needle puncture.
Some things handlers can do to
prevent animals aggression are to
talk softly to them, approach them
from the side and know their blind
spots, be patient and don’t make
loud noises or quick movements.
A nervous appearance, intent gaze
and erect ears are common clues
an animal is uneasy.
The animal environment itself
poses some threats to producers.
Handlers should be wary of cer
tain livestock diseases that can
spread to humans. Brucellosis and
leptospirosis, for example, cause
abortion, weak offspring, and low
er conception rates in cattle,
swine, sheep and goats. When
transferred to humans, the result is
fever, chills, sweating, weakness,
vomiting, or diarrhea.
Producers should take proper
preventative measures when
working with sick animals to
avoid becoming ill themselves.
Bowman said. These measures in
clude wearing plastic gloves when
assisting an animal with birth,
avoiding urine or birth fluid
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splashes, proper cleaning of con
taminated areas, and treating ani
mals promptly if signs of disease
appear.
Some dairy and pig operations
store manure in pits until it can be
properly spread. Gases, such as
methane, ammonia, carbon
monoxide and hydrogen sulfide,
can be released from the concen
trated manure and suffocate or
even kill humans and animals if
not properly maintained.
“Hydrogen sulfide, which has a
rotten egg smell, can cause uncon
sciousness in less than 30 seconds
and death in minutes," Bowman
said.
UNIVERSITY PARK (Centre
Co.) - If you enjoy milk but pre
fer to buy low-fat products, new
labels on milk containers will
help you to make the right
choice, said a nutrition expert in
Penn State’s 'College of
Agricultural Sciences.
J. Lynne Brown, associate
professor of food science,
explains that effective Jan. 1,
1998, the Food and Drug admin
istration will no longer allow 2
percent milk to be called “low
fat.” Instead, this milk category
will be called “reduced-fat” milk.
“The dairy industry original
ly asked for an exemption from
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the terms of the Nutrition 25 «™ rf . fct f er
Labeling and Education Act, can be called a low-fat product,
because the industry felt the Brown said. ■ _
public had strongly identified or less grams of fat Per ™g,
with 2 percent as a healthy whichfits the defimhonof
product,” Brown said. “The new a fat-free product. It still will be
labeling will help the dairy ca KS“S SO ut that dairies
industry in the long run because cgn fat content on the
people are interested in low-fat front ofthe carton as x
products, and consumers like Qr 2 nt but the 2
consistency m labeling. products cannot be adver-
The FDA definition of “low- 'r 1 “ v , , , , oo ,
tised or labeled as low-tat.
fat is 3or fewer grams of fat per „ The new labelg make the fat
serving. A serving of mdk is one c i aims of dai ducts
S-ounce gjass. Brown say rable to othe /foods,”
whole milk has 8 grams of fat Br()wn , The d indust
per serving. Milk labeled 2 per- have
more flexibility
cent contains 5 grams of fat per differentiating its low fat and
serving, which means the dairy fat . free ductS) and con .
industry must labelg 2 percent sumers can make a more
reduced fat. informed choice at the super
“ Milk labeled 1 percent has marke t.”
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Lancaster Farming
Winner To Be Announced In Jan. 17 Issue Of Lancaster Farming
Prolonged exposure to manure
pit gases at fairly low levels isn’t
immediately dangerous but can ir
ritate the eyes, nose, mouth and
throat or cause sneezing, loss of
appetite, or pneumonia. When
working around manure storage
areas, people should make sure the
area is properly ventilated. Bow
man said.
Dust and noise also are prob
lems in confined livestock opera
tions. Some chronic effects of
working in a dusty atmosphere are
lung congestion, headaches, nasal
irritation, cough, and shortness of
breath. Masks or air fillers should
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be worn when dust levels are high,
he said. Prolonged loud noises,
such as pigs squealing and ma
chinery, could cause hearing loss
that can be avoided with the use of
car muffs or plugs.
Although most animal-related
injuries are not fatal, many people
are needlessly injured each year
because of a lack of safety aware
ness, Bowman said. To reduce ex
posure to livestock accidents or
illness, understand animal beha
vior, provide proper and safe fa
cilities, protect against transfer
able diseases, and wear personal
protective equipment
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