All Gardens
Great & Small
York Co. J
Horticultural Agent I
Tom Becker < y
The leaves are falling
off my Philodendron,
what caused it to happen?
Philodendrons are foliage
plants adapted to most indoor
environment. If you can provide a
temperature of 65 degrees and
keep philodendron moderately
moist and out of direct sunlight,
you should be able to grow them.
The philodendron is native to
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the tropical jungles of Central
America. Most species are vines,
and the leaves vary from 3 inches
to 3 feet in length. Some species
arc self-heading and require no
support.
Philodendron will grow in a
variety of materials. Pure peat
moss or the newer soil-less mix
tures of peat moss and venniculite
or peat and perlite all work well.
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The growing medium should be
fairly organic, but some good
quality garden soil can be used to
add weight A ratio of equal parts
soil, peat moss and vermiculite or
perlite can be used. Avoid a mix
that contains all garden soil, and
make certain that your growing
medium drains well.
Once the plants are established,
any commercial house plant fertil
izer will keep them in good condi
tion. Liquid and soluble materials
can be used at watering time.
Slow-release materials can be
incorporated into the growing
medium. There are also “plant
food spikes” available to insert
into the growing medium at regu
lar intervals.
These plants grow best in low
light and may not require the same
amounts of fertilizer as your other
plants. A regular feeding program
with a slightly higher nitrogen
analysis can help increase leaf
size, make the plants larger and
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retain a deeper green leaf color.
Philodendron is a heavy feeder
under optimum environmental
conditions.
One important environmental
condition is moisture in the grow
ing medium. Keep the root system
uniformly moist at all times and
never allow roots to diy out Seri
ous root injury causes yellowing
foliage that eventually drops when
too much or too little water is
applied. If the plant seems to dry
out too quickly, place it in a larger
container and increase the percen
tage of peat moss in the growing
medium.
To duplicate the plant's natural
habitat you might also want to set
it in an area with high humidity.
Place a shallow tray of pebbles
filled with water under the plant
The tray will collect leachate
when the plant is watered and add
moisture to the air.
Low light levels are essential
for quality growth and foliage. In
fact, direct sunlight causes yellow
leaves or an irregular spotting.
Improper watering and poor light
conditions will spell disaster for
philodendron.
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Indirect light well away from a
window is adequate. If you cannot
supply any natural light, these
plants will do very well in a mix
ture of fluorescent and incandes
cent artificial light. A daily illumi
nation of 16 hours is enough to
keep many species of philoden
dron growing for up to 12 months.
If you do grow the plants in lower
light, move them to a brighter
location for a few months each
year, especially in the winter.
Small leaves can result from
under-fertilization, improper
watering, a growing medium dial
is too hard and very low light
levels.
Brown leaves can develop from
the build up of salts in the soil
caused by the overuse of soluble
fertilizer. This is especially a
problem if the plant is not watered
well enough to leach accumulated
salts from the growing medium.
Drafts, poor drainage, overwaler
ing, underwatering and no fertiliz
er will also cause dead foliage.
Yellow leaves that eventually
drop result from a wet root sys-
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