A2O-Lancastar Farming, Saturday, March 1996
Lancaster
VERNON ACHENBACH JR.
Lancaster Fanning Staff
LANCASTER (Lancaster
Co.) Lancaster County Exten
sion held two Dairy Day events the
past two weeks providing speakers
with strong programs for develop
ing strategies for successful
dairying.
The first program focused more
on disease control while the sec
ond program, held Tuesday, main
ly featured Dr. Gordon Jones, a
Wisconsin veterinarian who has
been mostly involved with dairy
animals and operations similar to
those in Lanpaster County.
The main speakers for the first
Dairy Day program, held February
27 were Dr. Victor Cortese, a man
aging technical services veterina
rian with Pfizer Inc. who is well
known for his expertise in bovine
immunology, and Dr.
Brian Reed, a local
practicing dairy veter
inarian with Agricultur
al Veterinary Associates
in Manheim
The message from
Cortese was that dairy
herds are all different
and while a common
theme should form the
basis of vaccination
programs and disease
control, each farm is
should have a tailored
program, according to
the veterinarians speak
ing at the first of two
Lancaster County Dairy
Day programs.
The challenge to
dairy herd managers
then is to develop a
program in conjunction
with a veterinarian that
minimizes the introduc
tion of disease and cost
of fighting it, while at
the same time protecting
the herd.
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Cortese explained the function
and abilities of the immune system
and how viruses and bacteria are
recognized and battled by the dif
ferent blood cells.
In general, Cortese advised
feeding fresh colostrum immedi
ately to a calf a minimum of
three quarts at the first feeding and
an additional two quarts six to
eight hours later.
He said he will use a stomach
tube if the calf won’t drink enough,
but said he likes to stimulate the
sucking response.
For those concerned about the
volume of colostrum fed, Cortese
said that a newborn Holstein calf
has a stomach capacity for 2.5 gal
lons, so three quarts will not cause
discomfort.
Further, by using fresh colo
strum from an older herd cow,
espeically one that has been vacci
nated and has developed resistance
to diseases on the farm, the calf
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will gc the benefit of the white
blood cells in the colostrum, in
addition to the antibodies.
He said studies have shown that
the white blood cells in colostrum
help regulate and enhance the
calFs immune defense mechan
ism, giving it the best chance at
survival.
The first thing Cortese said he
suspects in cases of early scours in
calves is a lack of good colostrum
feeding.
The primary colostrum should
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be fresh, with refrigerated fresh
second choice. He said it will keep
for up to seven days refrigerated.
Freezing colostrum kills the
white blood cells that give the calf
so much benefit, he said. The anti
bodies survive freezing, but the
white blood cells are very impor
tant in protecting the calf.
The reason he advised using col
ostrum from one of the older cows
in the herd, rather than first-calf
heifers, is because the older cows
should have developed white
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blood cells and antibodies against
existing herd diseases that the heif
er may not have developed yet
(This is especially true for those
bringing springing heifers onto the
farm, a practice he advised against
if possible.)
He also advised against freezing
the colostrum and heating it in a
microwave because it destroys
many of the beneficial aspects of
colostrum.
He advised heating the rcfriger
(Tum to Pag* A9O)
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