C2-Lancaster Farming, Saturday, December 2, 1995
IS BIGGER
BETTER?
Roland M. Leach, Jr.
Professor Of
Poultry Science
Recently, Jeremy Rifkin was on
the Penn State Campus to deliver a
lecture on “The Decline of the
Global Economy,”
That is not the topic of this arti
cle but rather one of Mr. Rifkin’s
previous causes the use of
biotechnology in agriculture.
His primary goal was to prevent
the use of biotechnology-derived
products such as the use of BST to
enhance milk production in dairy
cows.
A similar theme will be dis
cussed at the conference sponsored
by the Agricultural Directorate of
the European Commission. The
intent of this conference is to
review the use of growth
promoting substances in animal
husbandly.
The above conference will deal
N«w Shape
The difference le the shape of
the feeder’s trough (at right).
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very little with poultry since ster
oids and hormones are not used to
enhance the performance of poul
try. That’s the good news. The bad
news is that we don’t need growth
enhancing substances due to the
success of our genetic selection
programs.
This point is apparent in a recent
report from North Carolina State
University. These researchers
determined the relative contribu
tion of genetic selection and
advances in nutrition on the perfor
mance of Inoilers.
Contemporary feeding prog
rams and broiler strains were com
pared with those in use 35 years
ago. Improved nutrition accounted
for an increase of 18 percent in per
formance. On the other hand,
genetic selection resulted in birds
that grew three and one-half times
faster than those of 35 years ago.
This emphasizes the fact that the
poultry industry has been able to
make great strides in improving
performance through genetic
selection. One of the reasons that
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growth-enhancing drugs ate not
used is that they are not very effec
tive or useful to the poultry indus
try. Further, the downside of the
progress attained by genetic selec
tion has been the increase in the
incidence of metabolic disorders
associated with rapid growth rate.
For example, in the North Car
olina study, the “old fashioned”
chicken had an incidence of tibial
dyschondroplasia of 1.2 percent'.
This is in contrast to 49 percent
incidence of the “modem” chicken
fed modem diets. Half of this
increase in tibial dyschondroplasia
could be attributed to the
“improved” nutrition associated
with modem broiler feed.
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The above observation brings
me to the final point of this discus
sion. Although the poultry indus
try does not rely on drugs and hor
mones to enhance performance, it
is beginning to be attacked for the
success of its genetic selection
programs.
Animal welfare activists would
like to see restrictions on selection
for growth rate coupled ' with
increased emphasis on selection
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6 Fhcksville Road
Bangor, PA 18013
610-588-5922
Betts Equipment
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New Mope, PA 18938
215-598-7501
C.B. Hoober &
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Mam Street
Intercourse. PA 17534
717-768-823*1
Cannonsburg Supply
& Equipment Co.
RD 1, Box 247
Cannonsburg, PA 15317
412-746-2500
Deerfield Ag &
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RR 2 Box 212
Watsontown, PA 17777
717-538-3557
Detlan
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141 East Main St.
Silverdale, PA 18962
215-257-5177
Dunkle & Grieb, Inc.
RR 2, Box 14
Centre Hall, PA 16828
814-364-1421
New Jersey
Caldwell Tractor &
Equipment, Inc.
480 U.S. Route 46
Fairfield, N.J. 07006
201-227-6772
Rodio Tractor Sales
North White Horse Pike
Hammonton, N J. 08037
609-561-0141
for the absence of metabolic dis
eases such as tibial dyschondropla
sia and ascites. In fact, slow
growing broilers arc now being
marketed in France and the United
Kingdom for consumers with wel
fare and culinary concerns.
It will be interesting to see
whether this trend will be adopted
by the poultry industry in the
United States where it has been a
tradition that “bigger is better.”
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717-943-2131
Hines Equipment
RT. 220, Belwood, PA
814-742-8171
Keller Brothers
R 7 Box 405
Lebanon, PA 17042
717-949-6501
1950 Fruitville Pike
Lancaster, PA 17601
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Lost Creek
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Route 35, Box 123
Oakland Mill, PA 17076
717-463-2161
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West Chester, PA
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Route 642
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Frank Rymon & Sons, Inc.
RD 3, Box 355
Washington, N.J. 07882
908-689-1464
Warren County Service Center
228 Route 94
Blairtown, N.J.
908-362-6916
Norman D. Clark &
Son, Inc.
Honey Grove, PA
717-734-3682
Pikeville
Equipment Inc.
RD 2, Dysterdale Road
Oley, PA 19547
610-927-6277
Sollenberger’s
Equipment, Inc.
80 State St.
Everett, PA 15537
814-652-6990
Stoltzfus Farm
Service
Cochranville, PA
610-593-2407
Stouffer Bros Inc.
1066 Lincoln Way West
Chambersburg, PA 17201
717-263-8424
Thomas L. Dunlap
Rt. 220, Main St. Exit
Jersey Shore, PA 17740
717-398-1391
Tractor Parts Co.
335 Central Road
Bloomsburg, PA 17815
717-784-0250