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Pennsylvania
Commercial Hybrid
Corn Tests Report
Tests of commercially available com hybrids are conducted
annually at several locations in each of the four maturity zones
in Pennsylvania to provide farmers, seed producers, county
extension agents, and other interested persons with information
about hybrid performance. This report includes both the grain
and silage results from the 1994 season.
Tables 1 and 2 contain the combined results for all locations
in this zone, except as noted. Those in Table 1 are for the
advanced hybrids tested previously for at least one year, and
those in Table 2 are for new hybrid entries. New entries are
tested for at least one year before being included in the advanced
tests. A two-year summary of results for hybrids tested in both
1993 and 1994 growing seasons is given in Table 3. The results
for hybrids entered in the silage performance test are given in
Table 4.
Procedures
This testing program was available to any producer of hybrid
seed com, For the grain tests, hybrids were planted in paired-row
plots of 1/500 of an acre. Each row was overplanted—34 kernels
per row, and thinned to a standard count of 48 plants per plot
when the com was 12-18 inches tall. The final population was
24,000 plants per acre. Silage plots were 1/1,000 acre in size,
consisting of one row overplanted to 38 kernels and thinned to a
final population of 28,000 plants per acre. All entries were
replicated three times in each test.
Test plots were planted with modified mechanical planters.
Grain-test plots were harvested with a self-propelled combine
equipped with electronic instrumentation for determining weight
and moisture. Silage plots were harvested with a forage
harvester. Grain yields are reported as bushels per acre while
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PHONE: 717-442-8134 we service what we sell
College of Agricultural Sciences
Cooperative Extension
Short-season hybrids
(Maturity Zone 1) 1994 results
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grain moisture and erect plants are reported as percentages.
Shelled grain yields were standardized at 15.5 percent grain
moisture. Percentage of checks for each hybrid was based on the
mean of five check hybrids and calculated for moisture, yield,
and erect plants. Data such as plant height, ear height, and leaf
disease ratings were taken in the field. Disease ratings were
based on a scale of 0.5 to 5.0, progressing from little or no
disease to premature death. Silage results are given as actual
field yield in tons per acre, calculated on the basis of 65 percent
moisture, tons of dry matter per acre, and percentage of water in
the plants.
Growing conditions'
Soil moisture was high and temperature low during much of
May at locations in this zone. Planting was begun May 20 and
completed May 31. Heat units tended to be normal or above
during the summer months, but cooler than normal during
September and October. As in the other zones, October was a
dry month. Some locations had high soil moisture throughout the
summer. The Bradford location was exceptionally wet causing
extremely variable plant development throughout the field. The
silage test was on a better drained portion of the field; the grain
test did poorly because of the wet conditions and was
abandoned. The Clearfield location suffered some from a heavy
infestation of fall panicum and foxtail. Grain moisture at harvest
at most locations was high, as were grain yields. Grain
harvesting was begun October 26 and completed November 8,
Diseases, insects and other pests
Leaf and stalk diseases were not a major problem at the locations
in this zone. One set of hybrids grown in Centre County was
for years
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