How Does Your Herd Compare?
STATE COLLEGE (Centre Co.) —These data are calculated using
information pulled from Pennsylvania DHIA’s mainframe computer
each week. It is a one-week summary representing approximately one
fourth of the herds on test, as they are tested monthly.
These data are valuable from a business management standpoint and
can be used for comparing your operations to the averages from about
one-fourth of the herds across the state.
DHIA Averages for all herds processed between 10/01/94 and 10/08/94
Number of Herds Processed
Number of Cows Processed
Number of Cows Per Herd
Milk Per Cow (Lbs)
%-Fal
Fat Per Cow (Lbs)
%-Protein
Protein Per Cow (Lbs)
Average Days in Milk Per Cow
•Value for CWT Milk(s)
•Value for CWT Grain(s)
•Value for CWT Hay(s)
•Value for CWT Silage(s)
•Value for Pasture Per Day(s)
•Value for Milk Per Cow Per
Year(s)
•Feed Consumed Per Cow Per
Year(Lbs)
A: Grain
B: Hay
C: Silage
D: Day Pasture
•Feed Cost Per Cow Per Year(s)
A: Grain
B: Hay
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Advice For
Editor’s note: Because of the
weather conditions favorable to
the growth of a potato blight fun
gus this past growing season, and
because of the widespread effect
the disease has had, special man
agement practices should be con
sidered by those handling potatoes
Average Farm Feed
Costs For Handy
Reference
To help fanners across the state
to have handy reference of com
modity input costs in their feeding
operations for DHIA record sheets
or to develop livestock feed cost
data, here’s last week’s average
costs of various ingredients as
compiled from regional reports
across the state of Pennsylvania.
Remember these are averages so
you will need to adjust your figures
up or down according to your loca
tion and the quality of your crop.
Com, No, 2y - 2.54 bu. 4.55 cwt
Wheat, No. 2 - 3.34 bu. 5.58
cwL
1,018
60,216
59.1
18,450
3.71
685
3.20
590
318
Barley. No. 3 - 1.70 bu. 3.64
cwt
Oats, No. 2-1.43 bu. 4.46 cwt
Soybeans, No. 1 - 5.47 bu. 9.13
cwt
13.23
8.36
4.26
1.54
.29
Ear Com 68.13 ton 3.41 cwt
Alfalfa Hay - 97.75 ton 4.89
cwt
Mixed Hay - 92.50 ton 4.63 cwt
Timothy Hay - 99.50 ton 4.98
cwt
2,441
6,849
2,209
14,980
63
572
94
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C: Silage
D: Pasture
♦Total Feed Cost Per Cow Per
Ycar(s)
♦lncome Over Feed Costs Per
Ycar(s)
♦Grain to Milk Ratio
♦Feed Cost Per CWT Milk(s)
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Potato Blight
in order to eliminate as much as
possible the return of the blight.
Following a meeting late last
month of producers, support agen
cies and governmental officials,
the state government requested the
US. secretary of agricultural to
providefederal assistancefor pro
ducers who experienced heavy los
ses this past year. The author of the
following advice is the Penn State
Extension professional who deals
with such disease problems.
BARBARA CHRIST
Associate Professor
PSD Dept Plant Pathology
STATE COLLEGE (Centre
Co.) There are several prac
tices that should be considered and
followed when late blight is
present*
• Make sure the vines are thor
oughly killed before harvest
• When killing vines, apply an
appropriate protectant fungicide
until the vines are dead.
• Harvest tubers when soils are
not wet and the soil is not adhering
to the tubers.
• If more than 1 percent of tubers
have blight grade into storage;
tubers that are lightly infected are
difficult to detect and grade out
• Storage of potatoes with
severe late blight is difficult The
storage temperature should be
lowered mote rapidly than normal.
Temperatures above SO degrees
will allow the fungus and asso
ciated soft rot bacteria to continue
rotting the potatoes.
1,524
1:2.6
4.97
376,005
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Lancaster Farming, Saturday, October 22, 1994-A29
Management
The ideal temperature to store
blighted tubers is in the range of 38
to 40 degrees. Also, good air circu
lation is a must And furthur, keep
the relative humidity below 85 per
cent Blighted tubers should not be
held any longer than necessary.
Consider the source of seed
potatoes to avoid introducing the
disease into fields.
Contact your seed grower to talk
over the blight situation in their
area and. if possible, visit their
farm operation.
There will be seed that is reaso
nably clean and free of blight.
Maine has not been as hard hit with
blight this year and has a reason
able seed crop depending on the
individual.
Do not plant seed from Maine
adjacent to seed from North
Dakota.
New York seed growers may
also have a reasonable crop of seed
potatoes.
Not all of Pennsylvania seed is
lost or full of blight. There may be
a good seed source within our
state, but the answers are not com
pletely in yet
There are several management
practices that should be followed
to minimize the risk of heavy
blight losses.
• Plant only certified seed.
• Remove all cull piles. Indivi
dual producers have buried or
composted the cull tubers.
• Reduce volunteer plants.
Expose tubers in order to freeze.
231
18
• Scout fields or scout areas
where there may be volunteer
plants.
916
• Use protectant fungicides.
• Ridomil is only effective tow
ards sensitive strains of blight and
only effective when applied early,
before late blight is established.
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1995 Seed Potatoes
Management For 1995
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