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ClO-Lancaster Farming, Saturday, October IS, 1994
What Implantable Products Are
Editor’s Note: The safety of
beef from cattle implanted with
growth promotants was dis
cussed in Part 1 of this article.
Now, in Part 2, application of
such implants will be discussed.
Lowell L. Wilson
Professor Of
Animal Science
Penn State
UNIVERSITY PARK (Centre
Co.) The active ingredients in
different implantable products and
the animals for which they have
been approved are presented in
Table 2.1.
Implants are categorized aS
natural steroid, synthetic steroid
like, and nonsterbid compounds.
Although most cattle producers are
familiar with the correct use of
implants, three factors must be
emphasized: (1) Implants should
be used only in those animals and
in those dosages which have been
approved and are recommended on
the product label; (2) Each produc
er should develop an “implant
strategy” for the use of these pro
ducts within his/her own system;
(3) “Doubling-up” implants (using
two products simultaneously or
implanting too frequently) is usu
ally a waste of money and can
decrease animal performance and/
or carcass quality.
Common Mistakes
And Corrective
Measures
Because implants act much like
hormones, their use represents
replacement or supplementation of
hormones.
Castrated males produce little
natural estrogen (female hor
mone), and their androgen (male
hormone) production is low
Composting
Training
Sessions
To Be Held
CREAMERY,
(Montgomery Co.) A
Master Composter train
ing senes will be offered
again this year by Mont
gomery County Cooper
ative Extension’s Recy
cling Education Program.
The training includes,
three Thursday evening i
sessions from 6:45 p.m.
to 8:45 p.m. on Oct. 20,
27, and Nov. 3, and will'
cover in-depth informa
tion on the biology of I
composting, composting,
techniques, troubleshoot-1
mg, and alternatives to
composting It will takei
place at the Upper Dublin U
Township building on]
Loch Alsh Road in I
Upper Dublin. I
At the final session on
Saturday, Nov. 5, a com
post park will be con
structed. Compost parks
are working exhibits of
various types of compost
bins complete with de
tailed signs about the
bins, and brochures on
how to compost. The
parks are maintained by
Master Composters.
The training is free,
but registration is re
quired. lb register, call
the organic waste Recy
cling Education prograqi
at (610) 454-1245.
Implanted Growth Promotants For Beef Cattle, Part 2
TaWt 2.1 Manufacturer*, active Ingredient*, end approved beef cattle u*e* of growth promotant Implant* l
NetunHy occurring steroid product*
Compudoee Elanco
Synthetic steroid-like product*
Frnspiix-H Hoechst Roussel 200 mg trsnbolons *cet*te Heifers (> 400 lb)
Nonsterotd enebokc egent
Ralgro MsNinekrodt 36 mg aersnol
Vetennary
•it I* recommended that bide Mended for brsedtog purposes not be Implanted with any product since there may be
Interference with normal sexual development and subsequent lertWy level, however, recent research with Ralgro end
Synovex-C Meat** Implanting heifer calves doe* not decrease subsequent fertility In them
adherence to um of products only In approved beef cattle daseee end weights Is essential (read the product
label)
Therefore, estrogens are the prim
ary and androgen the secondary
hormones to be replaced or supple
mented in steers.
In heifers, androgen level is
very low, and estrogens fluctuate.
Therefore, androgen production is
the primary hormone and estro
gens the secondary hormones to be
replaced or supplemented in
heifers.
All of the companies manufac
turing growth-promotant implants
have developed excellent instruc
tional materials that should be
reviewed by any individual who
implants cattle. Almost anyone
can insert implants, but it is easy to
make mistakes that render the
implant ineffective.
Table 2.2 summarizes problems
observed in misusingimplants, the
probable causes, and how these
mistakes can be remedied. Basi
cally, the person doing the
implanting must not work too
quickly, must place the implant in
the proper position (middle third of
the ear from head to tip), and must
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Manufacturer
tmptent or distributor
Synovsx-C Syntax
CalfoW Upjohn
Impfus-H Upjohn
Bynov*x-H Syntax
ImpluK'S Upjohn
Synovax-S Syntax
Finapilx-S Hoechet-Rouesei I4omg(r*nbolon**e*tat* Steer* (> 400 lb)
Revalor-S Hoachst-Rou***l 24 mg estradiol and
120 mg trsnbolooa acatat*
1-800-477-4921
-r'-f
Active
tnpredtenl(s)
Approved uses
in beef eetu** 3
Calves steers heifers
24 mg estradiol
lOmgastfidiolsrW Catva*
lOOmgprogaatarona (>4S days old <4OO lb)
Heifers (> 400 ib)
20 mg estradiol and
200 mg tastarona
Steers (> 400 lb)
20 mg estradiol and
200 mg progesterone
Steers (> 400 lb)
All cattle
use sanitary procedures with both
ear and implanting equipment.
Growth And
Carcass Changes
Implant side effects such as
stagginess, bulling, and vaginal
prolapse have been reported.
While there is individual variabili
ty in how animals metabolize com
pounds administered through
implanting, adverse side effects
such as these usually are due to
poor implanting technique.
For example, if an implant is
crushed or placed too close to the
base of the ear, the level of hor
mone in the animal will be
increased immediately due to a
high early absorption rate. If
implants are placed in the cartil
age, form abscesses, or have pel
lets missing, a low level of circu-
► * •’’"■•in -
f
vailable For Cattle?
Problem
Abscass or sarurn Lsck of sanitation, infection Disinfect aquipmant. dry ears,
around implant Improvt restraint
Bunched panels
Ratrograda abacass Inlactioo altar implanting
In cartilage
Crushed pedal
Missing implant
Separated pedal
Partial implant
Psdet too doe# to head Inexperience
Walled-off implant
•From Compudoaa Technical Manual (1912)
lating compound will result.
This wide variation of hormone
level among individuals within a
group can lead to bulling and rid
ing problems. Again, this is not the
fault of the product, but rather of
the manner in which it was
implanted.
Under recommended usage,
practically every implant will pro
vide a 5- to 25-percent increase in
average daily gain in most types of
cattle. Increases in feed
conversion efficiency are less,
usually ranging from 5 to 15 per
cent. There may be an increase in
appetite, but even if feed consump
tion is not increased—such as in a
controlled, limit-feeding situation
there should still be an increase
in growth rate. The increase in
feed-conversion efficiency may be
nill or negligible.
Growth-promoting implants act
by diverting nutrients within the
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Tabfe 2.2 Implanting mfetahas and solutions*
Naadla movad. poor restraint Improva call la rastraint
Poor naadla. too last,
impropar piacamant
Naadfe not fufly insartad
Not advancing cartrtdga, through Chack Implant position pinch
tha aar, abscaas In skin implant sita shut
Rapid withdrawal of needle. Stow down, withdraw needle stowfy
processing too last
Noedto too short, too feet. Uu needle provided with implant
fcor restraint application stow down, good restraint
animal’s body to muscle deposi
tion and by extending the animal’s
growth period. Although meal
from implanted cattle seems to
have less fat, the same amount is
simply distributed throughout an
increased amount of available
muscle tissue, giving the appear
ance of a leaner meat If implanted
and nonimplanted animals of simi
lar frame size are slaughtered at the
same weight and compared as to
carcass quality grade (marbling),
implanted cattle usually grade
lower. However, if slaughtered at
the same compositional endpoint
(fat thickness, for example), car
cass quality grade usually does not
differ. Some studies have indi
cated increases in average daily
gain of up to 25 percent and a $4O
per head return over cost from the
use of implants. Average return
over cost is $S to $l5 per head.
Call or Wrlta For
Addition ->1 Infomatlon
And Your Nearaat Dealer
Solution
Pinch injection site after implanting
sanitation
New needle slow down, place
implant properly
Fully insart naadla
Implant only In middle one third of ear
Improva sanitation
(Turn to Pago C 11)