DB-Laneaster Farming, Saturday, May 7, 1994
Weather Important Factor In Sucker Control
MIDDLEBURY, Conn. sucker contro i wi n he lp growers I( J?{ y In “ State University.
Rainy or dry, the weather always most from an a p p i ication "»*» « more to “ MH ® is absorbed by leaves
plays a major role m flu».-cured * f R j MH . 3O@ pIa PP growth suckers wiUi MH® noted and moved within plam sys .
tobacco sucker control. Under- reeu i a t or Fred Yelverton, Ph.D.,.extension tern to small sucker buds,” Yelver
standing how weather affects 6 tobacco specialist at North Caroli- ton sa j d “Good absorption and
Quality Of Grain Under Loan Important
LEESPORT (Berks Co.) —To proper grain storage procedures,
protect and maintain the quality “With more than 85,000 husb
and quantity of their farm-stored els of loan grain stored on Berks
grain. Agricultural Stabilization County farms, it is imperative that
and Conservation Service (ASCS) producers make periodic grain in
official Richard Troutman advises spections, particularly during the
farmers to continue following spring, summer and early fall,"
Registration Granted
WAYNE, NJ. Federal EPA
registration has been granted for
American Cyanamid’s newest no
lill soybean herbicide. Detail CP™
herbicide.
A complete surface-applied
herbicide, Detail provides no-till
farmers with consistent control of
more than SO grasses and broad
leaf weeds.
Detail controls tough weeds
such as cocklebur, lambsquarters,
yellow nutsedge, nightshades,
ragweeds, foxtails, panicums, and
crabgrass.
“No-till farmers needed a com
plete surface-applied herbicide
that could stand up to weather
extremes and high levels of crop
Scientists Study Effects Of Mastitis
HUNTINGDON (Huntingdon Co.)
Mastitis, the dairy industry’s most pervasive
animal health problem, may be costing far
mers more than they think.
Each year, farmers lose up to $2OO per cow
in lost milk, culled cows, veterinary fees and
other expenses. Annual losses from mastitis
total $ 1 SO million in Pennsylvania and $2 bil
lion in North America.
Now researchers in Penn State’s College of
Agricultural Sciences are learning that masti
tis also may be a factor in bovine embryo mor
tality. Veterinary scientists Dale Moore and
William Sischo are investigating a possible
link between coliform mastitis and changes in
the reproductive cycle of infected cows.
“Some types of mastitis are caused by E.
coli bacteria or other organisms that have
endotoxins in their cell walls,” Moore said.
“When those bacteria die inside the mammary
gland, toxins are released. The cow’s immune
system responds and, after a series of bioch
emical events, prostaglandin is produced.
This chemical mediator is associated not only
with pain but also with reproduction.”
■ Moore said he suspects that prostaglandin
released in response to mastitis short-circuits
a cow’s reproductive cycle.
“A layer of tissue called the corpus luteum,
which grows on the ovary after a cow ovu
lates, may be the key,” Moore said. “If the
cow conceives, the corpus luteum produces
progesterone, which maintains pregnancy.”
Progesterone is produced at maximum
levels during days six through 17 of the cow’s
21-day cycle.
“Normally, if conception doesn’t occur, the
cow’s endometrium produces natural prosta
glandin, dissolving the corpus luteum so that
she can ovulate again,” Moore said. “If bac
terial endotoxin from mastitis stimulates her
immune system and prostaglandin is pro
duced, the corpus luteum could be dissolved.
Once that happens, the pregnancy is over.”
The researchers have studied 75 cows from
Penn State’s dairy herd since the project
began. “We’re not inducing mastitis in any
animals, but if a cow is diagnosed with coli
form mastitis, we study her,” Moore said.
“Because hormone levels reveal whether
the reproductive cycle is disrupted, we moni
tor blood progesterone every four days for a
whole cycle. We also check the ovaries to see
if a corpus luteum is present when mastitis is
diagnosed, and whether it regresses as the
infection runs its course.”
The study will be completed in 1995. “If we
can show that mastitis is a factor in embryonic
death, veterinarians and herd managers can
make more specific diagnoses when a loss
occurs and can take control measures,” Moore
residue,” said Julie Bennett,
American Cyanamid product
manager. “When we designed
Detail, we looked for a product
that would provide exceptional
weed control in wet or dry condi
tions and would easily wash off
crop residue.”
The concept behind Kranzle High Pressure Pumps
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Troutman said.
He said rapid insect develop
ment usually occurs near the grain
surface, usually at the peak of con
es and in areas where foreign ma
terial has built up.
“Producers are cautioned to be
particularly alert when inspecting
their grain, and increase spot
checks if the normal checks indi
cate the need.”
The longer grain is in storage,
the more likely it is to become in
fested. The stored grain should be
probed to discover insects, and a
thermometer should be inserted
from time to time into the grain
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mass to check the temperature. If
there are signs of insect infestation
or hot spots, fumigation may be
necessary.
“We spot check farm-stored
grain at random and notify pro
ducers of any existing problems,”
said Troutman. “However, our
spotchecks are strictly for the pur
pose of protecting the Commodity
Credit Corporation’s interest and
should not be relied on as a substi
tute for regular producer inspec
tions.”
Any loss in the quality or quan
tity of farm-stored grain is the pro
ducer’s responsibility.
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systemic movement depend on
having good crop growing condi
tions. Therefore, MH® should
never be applied on drought
stressed crops. If soil moisture is
low, it is best to apply MH® one
to three days after a good rain or
irrigation.”
Rain is a problem only if it
washes MH® off plants within six
hours of application. If rain falls
within six hours after application,
MH® should be reapplied at one
half the recommended rate. Reap
plication is unnecessary if it rains
more than 10 hours after
application.
Timely rain actually can help
growers by washing off excess
residue. Heavy dews in tobacco
producing regions of Virginia can
have the same effect, noted David
Reed, Ph.D., extension agronom
ist, tobacco, at Virginia
Polytechnic Institute.
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