Com Tour Featured At Hughesville
(Continued from Pago 1)
In both the higher popula
tion and narrower rows situa
tion, machinery maintenance is
very important, the machines
must be working efficiently to
benefit from the higher yield.
In planting narrower rows,
15 to 20 inches, there may be a
5-7% advantage. It is reported
in die Midwest, by going from
30 inch rows, to 20 inch rows,
they received a 5% yield
increase. It was due to a more
evenly spaced plant
population.
There are some drawbacks
to narrower rows, as in higher
populations, weed control can
be a problem, but the biggest
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problem arises with the fact
that most of the machinery is
not set up to handle narrower
rows, which makes harvesting
a problem.
In making com silage, the
narrower spaced rows are used
in European countries, where
they have developed machin
ery that can handle the narrow
er spacing, their machinery can
even cut across the rows.
At this site, uniformity must
be considered in evaluating the
com stand. Two plots were
planted, each having 27.000
ppa, one stand was uniform,
and the other a non- uniform
stand. Standard deviation, or
difference in the distance
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between plants is used to rate
the uniformity of the stand. To
find this, you measure the
spacings of 30 consecutive
plants, this is how many inches
oetween each of the com
plants, then find the average,
fhis should be repeated 4 to 6
times. A rating of 3 inches or
less is ideal, S is acceptable,
and above S indicates a prob
lem. Research has shown that
for every unit, or inch increase
in this system, the yield is
reduced 2 to 4 bushels.
Pest Scouting in Com and
Beans was discussed by Dave
Messersmith from West
Branch Crop Management
Assn. He showed some West
ern Com Root Worm beetles
that he had found on the com
plants, but mentioned that it
was a little early for the beetles
to be at peak amounts. The bee
tles like the com silk, but can
be found all over the com
plant. The way to determine if
there is a pest problem is to
count the number of beetles per
com plant, using 22 plant sam
ples. If there is an average of
above I.S, there is a problem.
In previous years, some fields
have had extreme problems,
where insecticides had to be
applied by air. The main pur-
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Corn Talk, Lancaster Farming, Saturday, July 17,1993—Page 5
pose of determing to what
extent the beetle problem is in
the area, is to handle the prob
lem for the preceding year.
Doug Beegle also from Penn
State, continued the tour with
his session on Nitrogen Test
and Rates. In studies conducted
regarding nitrogen, it was
found that the nitrogen should
be applied just before the per
iod of maximum demand, this
will improve the efficiency of
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the fertilizer. The use of the
Presidedress Soil Nitrogen
Test (PSNT) can also be used
with the delayed application of
nitrogen. The PSNT measures
the amount of nitrogen avail
able from manure. To perform
the PSNT, Limit spring nitro
gen fertilizer: apply manure
based on crop requirements;
sample fields when com is 12
inches tall; take 10-20 cores,
(Turn to Page 6)
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