Page 10—Com Talk, Lancaster Farming, Saturday, April 17,1993
۩ii it Am mm
PENNSYLVANIA MASTER CORN GROWERS ASSOC., INC.
Adjuvants
(Continued from Pag# 9)
(water = 1 and 30 W motor oil =
300). Crop oils are 95 to 98 per
cent oil with 1 to 2 percent
surfactant/emulsifier.
Crop oils are believed to
promote the penetration of pes
ticide spray through waxy cuti
cle or the tough chitinous shell
of insects. The oils may also be
important in,helping solubilize
more non-polar herbicides such
as Poast, Fusilade, and atrazine
on the leaf surface. Traditional
crop oils are more commonly
used in insect and disease con
trol than with herbicides. Crop
oils are typically used at 1 to 2
gallons per acre.
Crop oil concentrate con
tains 80 to 85 percent phytob
land emulsifiable crop oil (pet
roleum based) plus 15 to 20
percent nonionic surfactant.
The purpose of the surfactant
in this mixture is to emulsify
the oil in the spray solution and
lower the surface tension of the
overall spray solution. Crop oil
concentrates attempt to provide
the penetration characteristics
of the oil while capturing the
surface tension reduction quali
ties of a surfactant. Crop oil
concentrates are used at 1 to 3
pints per acre.
Traditional crop oil concen
trates have been petroleum
based. However, recent intro
ductions have also included
plant or vegetable based oil
concentrates. Vegetable oil
concentrates have often been
less consistent than their petro
leum based counterparts. How
ever, more recently manufac
turers are attempting to
improve plant or vegetable
based oils by increasing their
non-polar or lipophilic
characteristics.
The most common method
has been through esterification
of common seed oils. Methy-
Farm Safety
CARGILL, INC. of Marietta would like
to alert all farm families to the poten
tial dangers of farming in the 1993
crop year. Promote farm safety aware
ness to your children and whole
family!!!
Farm safety 4 Just Kids is being spon
sored by Cargill and other agricultural
companies to prevent farm-related
childhood Injuries, health risks, and
fatalities. Anyone Interested in learn
ing more or joining this movement
should contact the
Marietta Office at
1-800-822-0769.
e CARGILL
CAR I s
Enhance
lated sunflower, soybean, cot
ton, and linseed oils are com
mercially available as oil con
centrates. The methylated
forms of these seed oil concen
trates are comparable in perfor
mance to traditional crop oil
concentrates, so their impor
tance may increase in the
future.
In taking it one step further,
otganosilicone based methy
lated vegetable oil concentrates
are also available. These adjuv
ants boast the surface tension
reducing properties of silicone
plus have the advantages of a
methylated vegetable oil con
centrate. The more widely
available oil-based additives
are given in Table 4.
Liquid Fertilizer
Within the last 10 years, liq
uid fertilizers are more fre
quently added to the spray solu
tion as an adjuvant to increase
herbicide activity. Ammonium
salts (NH4+) appear to be the
active component of these fer
tilizer solutions and have
improved the performance con
sistency on some weeds.
It is still unclear how ammo
nium salts improve herbicide
performance. Herbicides that
appear to benefit from the addi
tion of ammonium are the rela
tively polar, weak acid herbi
cides such as Basagran, the sul
fonylureas (Accent, Beacon,
Classic, and Pinnacle), and the
imidazolinones (Pursuit).
Fluid fertilizers may replace
surfactant or crop oil concen
trate with some of the contact-
SB®. BINS AND AUGER
type herbicides, but are usually
added in addition to surfactant
or crop oil concentrate with
systemic products.
Velvetieaf in particular has
been responsive to the addition
of fluid fertilizer in the spray
mix. In general, velvetieaf con
trol has improved by as much as
10 to 25 percent by the addition
of an ammonium based fluid
fertilizer (28,30. or 32 percent
UAN, 10-34-0, or 21-0-0) com
pared to crop oil concentrate or
surfactant. Common rates are
one gallon per acre 0f28.30, or
32 percent UAN, one quart per
acre of 10-34-0, or 17 pounds
per 100 gallons dry ammonium
sulfate.
Some broadleaves and gras
ses show little or no response
with the inclusion of ammo
nium fertilizer solutions. See
Table 5 for a list of appropriate
adjuvants with foliar-applied
com or soybean herbicides.
The type of adjuvant added
to the spray tank can enhance or
reduce the performance of the
pesticide. Both herbicide and
species will influence the
appropriateness of the
adjuvant.
Although there are a number
of different kinds of activator
adjuvants on the maiket, the
primary puipose is to reduce
the surface tension, improve the
wetting, and increase the pene
tration of the pesticide.
In order to choose the correct
additive for a specific product,
first read the pesticide label.
The wrong adjuvant increases
the risk of poor performance
and crop injury. An appropriate
adjuvant will assure maximum
performance and crop safety.
References
Chow, P.N.P., C.A. Grant, A.M Hin-
jjff
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**** i
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i
Jk
Take ’em Down!
We Will Assemble & Deliver
Bins To Your Farm
Northeast Agri Systems, Inc.
FLYWAY BUSINESS PARK STORE HOURS
139 A West Airport Rd. nan Mon.-At
Lititz PA 17543 7:30-4:30
UUIZ, rA 1 raHB Sit. 7:30-11:30
(717) 569-2702 1-800-673-2580 BPi !I — 3T~
Summary
(Turn to Page 11)
We Stock Truckioads
Of Chore-Time Bins &
Miles Of Chore-Time
FLEX-AUGER
Table 5. Spray adjuvants for post com and soybean herbicidt
Herbicide
Corn
Atrazine
Accent
-i- Atrazine
+ Banvcl or Maiksman
+ Buctril or
+ Buctril/atrazine
Beacon
+ 2,4-D or
+ Banvcl or Buctril
Bladex or Extrazine DF
Banvel or Maiksman
Clarity
Laddok or
Basagran + atrazine
Laddok + 2,4-D LVE UAN
Soybeans
Broadleaf
Basagran
Blazer
Classic
Cobra
Galaxy
Pinnacle
Pursuit
Reflex
Scepter
Storm
Grass
Assure II
Fusilade
Fusion
Poast
Poast Plus
Select
N IS = nonionic surfactant; COC = crop oil
concentrate (petroleum based): VOC = vegetable oil
concentrate (plant based); UAN = urea-ammonium
nitrate; DASH = BASF Adjuvant.
2 Only under drought conditions.
3 Increases injury potential.
4 Use NIS if greater than 80% relative humidity
5 Use COC only under dry conditions
Bins...
Large Or Small
Authorized
Master
Distributor
Additive 1
COC
NIS or COC ± UAN
COC ± UAN
NIS ± UAN
NIS ± UAN
NIS or CCC or VOC±
YAN
NIS
NIS or VOC*,3
NIS or UAN*
NIS or COC±
UAN 3
COC or VOC or UAN
COC or VOC or UAN
NIS or UAN
NIS or COC + UAN
NIS or COC or UAN 4
COC or UAN
NIS or COC s + UAN
NIS or COC or VOC or
DASH + UAN
NIS or COC + UAN
NIS
NIS or COC or UAN
NIS or COC
NIS or COC or VOC +
UAN
NIS or COC or VOC +
UAN
COC or VOC or DASH
+ UAN
COC or VOC or DASH
+ UAN
COC
* k ,
Put ’em Up!
m
Custom Applications
FOR FREE ESUMA
CALL OUR TOLL-FI
CUSTOMER
SERVICE NUMBEI
1-800-673-2580
le