Comments Of The
Ensiling Process
In looking at the normal ensil
ing process, there are a number of
related points that should be kept
in mind.
12. Temperature. The develop
ment of warm silage during the
ensiling process is not necessary
for the production of quality sil
age, although so-called "cold stor
age" with high moisture hay crops
may suggest clostridia-type activi
ty. The best temperature for lacto
bacilli is in the 2S-30 degrees C
range (75-90 degrees F).
13. Heat Buildup. Air is nor
mally required for any appreciable
heating to occur. Heat is the result
of plant respiration and the by
product .of microbial activity. If
the temperature in an ensiling
mass continues to build, a point
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will be reached (approximately 45
degrees C or 1 IS degrees F) where
serious changes will begin to
occur in the protein component of
silage. Heating causes a darkening
of color or "browning" effect, in
which parts of the silage protein
(amino acids) are bonded chemi
cally to the soluble sugars, form
ing a brown, lignin-like material
which is indigestible to animals.
Thus, heating causes a protein tie
up, thereby lowering the digesti
bility of the silage. This problem
is the greatest in low moisture sil
ages which are less dense and
more open to continued air infilt
ration. The degree of tie-up is
dependent on the temperature
reached and the length of the heat
ing period. Of course, in addition
to this type of loss, the fact that
heating occurs means energy (dry
REVENGER RV
WHITEWALL
>lB5/70R14
882
>2OB/70R14
865.01
>215/70R14
687.01
’215/70R15
’5/70R15
872.01
15/70R15
678.01
’28570R15
BLACKWALL
1649.51
'175/70R13
1651.01
JIBS/70R13
IBaa.ool
■l9B/70R14
$48.00
■ISS/BORI3
$48.00
PlB5/BORI3
M75/BORI3
$Bl.OO
■IBS/80R13
$82.00
■lBB/7SRI4
$BB.OO
'195/75R14
sBB.oi
18/78R14
$B2.
■215/7SRI4
$B7.
iRIS
$84.01
■215/78R1S
$66,
[2S/7SRIS
$BB.
I3S/75R15
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1.75R16.S D 8 98.00
8.50R18.5 0 0106.00
7.50R16 I D I 6 08.00
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DORAL
ALL SEASON
In Mind When Ensiling
matter) is also lost, thereby reduc
ing both the quality and the quan
tity of die feed.
14. Silo Fins. If the aerobic
conditions for a sufficient length
of time, the temperature of the
ensiling mass will continue to rise
to the point where, under certain
conditions, spontaneous combus
tion will occur. This type of prob
lem is most apt to occur with
whole-plant silages in the 24-45%
moisture content range stored in a
non oxygen-limiting environment.
Silo fires, although most prevalent
in conventional, top-unloading
silos, also occur in controlled
atmosphere silos which are not
maintained properly (i.e. develop
air leaks).
IS. Silage Additives. Under
normal ensiling conditions, there
are sufficient numbers of lactoba-
P2OB/75R18
P215/78R15
!S/7SRIS
P23S/7SRIS
ILT24S/7SRI6
■T2SS/7SRIS
■T265/75R16
■T23S/7SRIB
Polyester Cord
185R12
148R13
155R13
165R13
175R14
185R14
165R15
175/70R13
tBS/70R13
188/70R14
198/70R14
»OS/70R14
PISS/BORI3
■175/80R13
'IBS/BOR
PlB5/75R14
Pl9B/75R14
>205/78R14
>205/7SRIB
118/75R15
35,000
Miles
EB/7SRI
!35/78R15
mtm
WM
wßtm
sum
cillus bacteria on the plant mater
ial going into the silo to ensure the
rapid production of lactic acid
environment. However, under
some conditions, there may be an
advantage in the addition of either
selected strains of lactobacillus or
enzymes that aid the growth of
existing acid producers.
16. Acid Production. The mois
ture content of ensiling matter
plays a large part in the fermenta
tion process. In addition to its
direct effect on air exclusion
(influences silage density), it also
affects acid production. Bacterial
activity is lower in low moisture
material, resulting in incomplete
fermentation (higher pH). This
reduces the protection of the sil
age from spoilage organisms. On
the other hand, with high moisture
content material, a greater amount
of acid is required, since the acid
is diluted by the contained water.
This may add to the fermentation
problem with some plant material
such as alfalfa, which already has
a low sugar content, so necessary
for acid production.
17. Seepage. In the extreme,
where silage seepage occurs, this
material, although relatively low
in nutritional value, still contains
the most soluble portion of the
plant material. The WSC lost
results in a reduced level of readi
ly available sugars for fermenta
tion. Seepage is caused: a) by the
pressure of overlay material and
b) as a by-product of the initial
(aerobic) phase as a result of the
Prlci
6 62.
9 eg.
$
$ 72.
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$ 95.0(
$ 87.01
EARLY ORDER SUPER SALE
6
SUPER SALE!
56” CEILING FANS
CFM’s 20,S0()_* A
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Reg. $99.99
sale $59.99
pleabantaireW
STANDARD FANS fans /m " m
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14” Single. $159.99 Jl
18” Single. $179.99 ijnmP'
24" Single. $219.99
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s-is
: r< *
collapse of the plant cells once
respiration has stopped. The opti
mum moisture content range for
efficient fermentation is 55-65%.
Within silo losses (open silos) are
the least at the same moisture con
tent range.
18. Proteolysis. One of the
actions which occurs during the
ensiling of forage is a degradation
process called proteolysis. This is
a process which results in the con
version of protein present in fresh
herbage to various non-protein
nitrogen (NPN) constituents.
Many NPN compounds are'highly
water soluble and are poorly util
ized in the rumen of cattle. There
is extensive absorption of these
compounds through ■ the rumen
wall and subsequent excretion by
the animal. It is highly desirable,
from a nutritional standpoint, that
protein not be degraded and made
water-soluble in the rumen, but
pass through to be utilized in the
lower intestine. Proteolysis in sil
age is the result of the activity of
plant enzymes called proteases
and various micro-organisms.
This process becomes quite rapid
once the crop is cut. The rate of
proteolysis is affected by forage
species (higher in legumes), silage
moisture content, pH, and temper
ature (all less at lower values).
Reduction in silage quality
because of proteolysis can, to a
large degree, be prevented by fol
lowing good ensiling and silo
management principles.
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1 VARIABLE SPEED
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