E2-Lanc*ster Fanning, Saturday, April 7,1990
On Applying Poultry
Manure To Soil
Tips
Herbert C. Jordan,
Associate Professor of
Poultry Science
Before May 11, thousands of
tons of dry matter poultry manure
will be applied to soils in
Pennsylvania.
Average values of plant nutrient
composition from laboratory tests
indicate poultry manure is rela
tively high in nutrients. For exam
ple, fresh poultry manure contains
on the average 30-20-10 pounds
of N-P205-K2O per ton, and dry
poultry manure may contain
90-70-40 pounds of N-P 2 0s-K 2 0
or more.
The plant nutrient content of
poultry manure varies widely.
However, because of variation in
poultry ration, age, and productiv
ity of the animal, moisture content
of manure can vary widely. Time
in storage may cause wide varia
tion in microbial activity in man
ure which may increase moisture
content of manure or cause toxic
gas to form. This can cause signif
icant changes in the plant nutrient
content of the manure. Odor
increases with number of anerobic
microbes. Unidentified factors in
poultry manure, allowed to remain
warm and wet for 28 days or lon
ger in storage, can cause plant tox
icity when applied to cropland.
More poultry manure is being
dried and stored in cage houses
today than ever before. This is
done by controlling leaks in
waterers, diverting outside surface
water, stirring the manure, and
drying it with fans. This reduces
the weight of manure hauled to the
field three- to sixfold as well as
making the material more spread
able. This process also lowers the
quantity or alters the quality of
ammonia fumes in the house
which seems to maintain bird
health, growth rate, egg produc
tion, fertility, hatchability, and
eggshell quality. Drying fresh
manure before storage holds it
nitrogen value and does not allow
anerobic microbes to reproduce
and generate odor t toxic gases,
and other compounds.
Cropland usable
It is recommended that all poul
try farms have a minimqm of 2-5
acres of high quality cropland
usable for manure disposal per
1,000 head of poultry capacity on
the farm. The amount of acreage
needed varies with the soil and
crop. Useful acreage is interpreted
by most farmers as being less than
one mile from the bam or poultry
house. Nearly all manure on most
farms is spread in this area or even
a smaller area. These guidelines
result in fairly low annual applica
tion rates per acre.
A serious problem results in
that it is nearly impossible to
purchase a manure spreader in
Pennsylvania that will apply 1-2
tons (dry matter) of poultry man
ure per acre as recommended.
Most spreaders will spread 4-6
tons (dry matter) per acre at the
minimum setting.
Some spreaders have little or no
control of how much manure is
applied, except for the speed of
spreading. DRIVING A TRACTOR
AND SPREADER TOO FAST
MAIMS OR KILLS TRACTOR
OPERATORS. Some new spread-
yv NEED
MORE “oom?
() R«ad The
Classified
ON YOW OVVi MOVC OVS*/ Real Estate Ads
ers have hydraulic feed into the
paddles that can be reduced for
low quantity spreading. Some
side-delivery spreaders have
adjustable doors, also.
Soils receiving applications of
poultry manure should be tested
annually to determine build-ups of
plant nutrient levels in soils.
Excessive applications can cause
nutrient imbalance and increase
the soluble salt levels in soils,
thereby causing crop yields to
decrease.- This soluble salt prob
lem is usually greatest immediate
ly after spreading. Excessive
applications can easily lead to sur
face and groundwater pollution
problems. Soil testing is a useful
monitoring tool, and when used in
conjunction with manure anal
yses, can provide guidance in
determining appropriate agronom
ic and environmentally sound
application rates. Details about
soil and manure analysis can be
obtained from any county
cooperative extension service
office.
IVfarket for manure
The market for poultry manure
as a fertilizer has strengthened
since 1972 when less than 10 per
cent of all poultry manure or litter
was sold. Now we estimate that 30
percent of all poultry manure is
sold from Pennsylvania farms for
prices ranging from $3 to $9 per
ton for wet or chunky dry manure,
to as high as $25 per ton for dry
manure (less than 30 percent
moisture) in bulk at the farm.
Bagged manure in farm and
garden centers commonly sells for
prices ranging from 3 to 10 cents
per pound, depending on bag size.
This is equivalent to 60 to 200 dol
lars per ton. One cannot accurately
guess the plant nutrient content of
manure. Thus it should be
analyzed to determine its value.
Manure analysis mailing kits are
available from the county
cooperative extension service
offices.
The reason for most of the cita
tions for pollution issued by
authorities to farmers in Pennsyl
vania has been because of objec
tionable odor complaints filed by
neighbors. Most of these have
been because of wet manure or lit
ter generating toxic gas or odor
because it is stored more than 28
days without being dried. Other
citations include, but are not lim
ited to, water pollution or dust and
feathers as a nuisance.
A few farmers have paid fines
for polluting water on or nearby
the farm or area where manure is
spread. The potential for spread of
avian disease agents, including
avian flu, is present where fresh
manure from an infected flock is
spread near non-infected birds.
Using large amounts of manure
and high level applications of
commercial fertilizer together on
the same acre is absolutely not
recommended. Manure should be
spread at least 30 days before
planting time. If crop toxicity
appears, extend spreading interval
to 2 to 4 years, not annually.
May 1983 - This article was
written in consultation with Dr.
Ray Shipp and Dr. Doug Beegle,
associate professors, extension
specialists in agronomy extension.
Committee
Approves Budget
CHICAGO. HI. A fiscal year
budget of $606,000 was approved
by the Deli/Prepared Meats Com
mittee at its meeting March 18
held here in conjunction with the
Meat Board annual meeting.
Along with heathcare profes
sional, education, and media pub
lic relations programs, the budget
includes $150,000 for the commit
tee’s new National Breakfast
Month retail promotion. If suc
cessful in September, this pilot
project could become an annual
event, similar to National Meat
Month, according to Bob Nissen,
Webster City, lowa, committee
chairman.
The committee also voted
unanimously to change its name
from the Processed Meats Com
mittee to the Deli/Prepared Meats
Committee. According to Nissen,
the newly adopted name better
reflects the positive image the
committee conveys about these
products.
MAILBOX MARKET
FOR SALE
Canoe voyager type 19'
capacity 1100 lbs. wght.
120 lbs. takes 20 HP motor
$5OO. 717-465-7537.
Fruit crates bulk bins pal
lets, sawdust, mulch, fire
wood rough cut lumber. Mt.
Valley Farms, Biglerville
(Adams Co.) Pa
717-677-6166.
Kitchen combine antique
finish, good shape, 143
VoganviTle Rd„ New Hol
land 17557. 717-656-6727.
AKC Pomeranian puppies
shots & wormed, all colors.
Lane. Co. 717-442-4713 let
ring.
Ford 3000, JD 2240 MFWD
w/new 245 loader sm. NH
PTO manure spreader 6'
rotary mower. York Co.
717-244-0362.
IH7losbtm. 16" auto reset
semi mtd., 16 hole disc,
gram drill, JD cultimulcher
12' hyd. Warren Co.
201-459-4397.
1970 Chevy tandem 20' all
steel grain dump body;
Inter 706 w/310 engine;
1976 F 350 Ford w/12' utility
body. 301-239-8234.
1000 lb. cap. Fairbank plat
form scale, 2 row Stauffer
tobacco planter on steel
wheel, glider spring, rocky
chair. 717-354-0616.
Boumatic pump 5 HP motor
stainless steel air tank, JD
290 com planter, Nl man
ure spreader 206. Dau. Co.
717-362-9233.
Foam incubators also silkie
chicks Barbara Hamm,
722 W. Main St., Weather
ly, Pa. 18255. Carbon Co.
717-427-4298
2 sets truck chains
11.00x22 cross link, brand
new $5O set. Lehigh Co.
215-285-6697.
Purebred Saanen goats, all
ages, from kids to milkers.
Montg. Co. 215-323-0816
for details.
Cornplanter Oliver 4R
fiberglass fert. boxes, spray
nozzles, model 540 good
shape, shed Kept, also
steel wheels for Farmall H
tractor rear. Bucks Co
215-847-5353
Farmall F-12 tractor 1937
rebuilt motor, good paint,
$BOO, Nl loader for JD A or
others has dirt bucket,
$350. Bucks Co.
215-766-8186.
1965 Mercury grand Mar
quis fully loaded garage
kept 43,000 miles asking
$6900 or best offer. Luzer
ne Co. 717-287-2138.
1974 Gene trailer 12,000
lb. dual axle w/ramps 17’
bed 6‘ side. Chester Co
215-263-3258 after 7 p.m.
NH 1495 haybine gas full
cab. Lacka. Co.
717-945-9303.
5 feeder he reford steers.
Adams Co. 717-528-4362.
66' all-purpose dirt scoop
for Dunham loader, like
new, only used a few times,
$250. Berks Co.
717-933-8764.
AC WD tractor AC snap
coupler sickle mower.
Lane. Co. 717-426-3871.
Int. #468 4-row front
mounted cult. A-1 cond.,
165 gal. Walsh fiberglass
sprayer tank w/saddle.
York Co. 717-229-2352.
Scotch highland spring
calves for summer wean
ing. Write Roger Jestel,
223 Moul Rd„ Hilton, NY
14463. 716-392-9062.
Polled hereford bull 700
lbs. $450, 2R pull corn
planter $195, JD plow 2-14
3 pt., $195, NH baler mod
el. Adams Co.
717-528-4166.
Reg. Dorset ewes, total of 5
vanous ages former FFA
project, also locust posts
Lane Co. 717-354-5939.
6 yr. old saddlebred car
riage horse, needs work a
man's horse. Christ E.
Riehl, 355 Newport Rd„
Leola, Pa. 17540 at
Monterey.
7'xl6’ wooden overhead
garage door w/all hardware
good cond., $lOO or best
offer. Lane. Co.
215-267-3209 after 6 p.m.
Mower - Ford #902 rotary
pull behind, 100" cut, new;
belts, blades, bearings &
deck, $B5O. 609-586-2669.
JD 60 3 pt., fenders, good
rubber, extremely nice trac
tor $2600, JD 4010 gas NF
nice tractor $3700.
Winchester, Va.
703-662-5155, 667-9497.
Hunterdon Co. 83 Ford
Fairmont 4 door 6 cyl. auto,
air, PS, PB, vent windows,
delay wipers, AM-FM radio
good running cond.,
201-782-6494.
2 Conestoga Valley Indian
doors, also other antique
doors, take a look, make an
offer. Lane. Co.
215-445-4092.
45 Brillion cultimulcher
teeth sloo,lo' spring tooth
harrow $2OO, SP22 vac
uum pump $lOO, VA ’ pis
ton pump. Adams Co.
717-677-8789.
21 heavy disk blades 19 in.
$5 ea., 3 tires 13-38 $l5,
ea. York Co.
717-235-2032.
Int. 411 4 btm. 16’ 3 pt.
hitch, 311 3 btm. 16’ 2 pt.
hitch both w/colters &
coverboards. Montg. Co.
215-754-7115.
Nl 702 tractor & motor parts
gas, pan for 679 spreader
must sell, will sell, make
offer. Lane. Co.
717-733-7069.
1955 Farmall 100 cult.,
1955 Oliver super 3 in. irr.
pipe fitting, JD 7x13 drill, T
tool bar. 609-697-2853,
609-697-2643.
Air cleaner assembly
8"x18", 3% ” inlet, 3V4" out
let, Baldwin-PA 2418 FN
element, fits MF 550, 750,
850 combines, etc., $5O.
215-445-4463.
Soybean seed from last yr.
certified CX4IS also Wil
liams variety combine run
or cleaned. Eli Nolt Farms.
717-866-2406.
Ford 3000 tractor 3 cyl. gas
turf tires, looks runs great
$4,000, Woods S' rotary
$6OO, both $4,500. Berks
Co. 215-589-5164.
Q.Q.F. model #0402
mother hen elec, brooders,
good cond., $75 ea. Berks
Co. 215-488-6886.
Cookstovesl restored
ready to burn, firebrick,
grates, plates, etc. for
many brands roadside
stand used 4 wks. 36"x90"-
3 shelves $125. Leb. Co.
717-949-2195.
800 bushels noble oats
from last years' certified
seed, delivery possible,
also bright wheat straw.
North'd. Co. 717-672-9740.
Cub equipt. plow, disc, har
row, sickle bar plus xtras
good cond., $3OO or 80.
Del. Co. 215-459-1209.
Old driving horse for pet
can still be hitched up for
driving on road, paper of
his age included. Lane. Co.
Benjamin K. Swarey, 420
Little Britain Rd„ Peach
Bottom, Pa. 17563.
8-16 hole Smedley hog
feeders, SS bottoms, top
adj., ’/< ton cap.; marling
port, hog scale, 500 lb. cap
ex. cond. Dau. Co.
717-533-7328.
Gravely mower excel, for
Christmas trees reinforced
deck for commercial use
recent overhaul $950. Hun
tingdon Co. 814-447-3571.
High side hay wagon
(wood) $495 080. York
Co. 717-432-4228 after 6
p.m.
AC pull behind combine w/
PTO & bin, bam kept good
cond., w/manual, also one
for parts, best offer. Ches
ter Co. 215-869-2791.
Spring tooth harrow 3 sec
tion MF 2 btm. plow, MF
165 good cond., offset,
Bush Hog 12', JD T snow
plow. Lehigh Co.
215-965-2268.
Ml 486 round baler $4OOO,
NH 717 chopper both head,
$2OOO, NH 269 baler
$l5OO. Chester Co.
215-358-5914.
Nl 717 uni-combine w/713
grain head, 731 4RW com
head, $3OOO, Nl 743 3RN
snapper head. Carroll Co.
Md. 301-775-2723.
AC-WD tractor w/live PTO
& pulley for parts or restore
$250, Oliver 70 2 40’ tires
mounted 75% tread, $lOO,
alsio 2 11 "x 36" tires
mounted, may be used on
old JD B tractor wheels
$6O. Montg. Co.
215-539-5045.
Wrecked Farmall model H
for good parts $250, anti
que 1952 Dodge w/good
stk. body. 2 motors & 2 4
spd. trans., $250. Montg.
Co. 215-539-5045.
Seed oats oagle 3.50 bu.
also soybean seed, JD 12'
harrow good cond., $3OO.
Monroe Co. 717-381-3785,
call after 5 p.m.
IH 560 gas tractor w/draw
bar, good cond., $3,500.
Lower North'd. Co.
717-758-6221.
Inti 18' vibra-shank good
cond., 2 20.6x38 radial tires
mounted on rims for duals.
Cecil Co. 301-398-1541.
White 2-60 4-wheel drive
60 hp. 2973 hr., 9.6-24'
front & 16.9-30 rear tires
90% tread $5,900. Juniata
Co. 717-694-3888.
250 AMP engine driven
Miller welder $3OO, 16 hp
Briggs w/centrifugal dutch
$275, 12 hp cub tractor.
717-859-2797.
Small surge vacuum pump
& milking units, 1 surge
hanger, 1 Delaval floor unit,
good cond., will divide.
Otego, NY. 607-433-2681.
Spring wagon w/hytjjf
brakes solid wood bed
seat w/back 4 coats paint
Lane. Co. 717-859-3833
IH Farmall 140 like new
cond., $3900, Bucks Co
Call daytime
215-357-6818.
1955 Farmall Cub w/snow
blade, plow, disc harrow
cult., spring tooth harrow]
side mount mower, chains]
platform carrier. Adams Co'
717-677-7963.
3 quail breeder cages w/
egg trays, 1 grow cage, all
w/feed & water trays $a
ea. York Co.
717-927-9105.
Mounting bracket &12 suit
case wghts. for the Int.
1066 tractor, best offer.
Amos Blank, 254 Mascot
Rd„ Ronks. Pa. 17572
816 Gravely w/50" mower
33" rear tiller v.g. baltimatic
fert. spreader 3 pth. nice
Col. Co 717-784-0848
Wine model 84 serial
#183L6454 32 special- v.g
cond. $275 firm. Montg
Co. Harry Miller
215-584-4545.
12" goooseneck for a 25'
harvestore silo $3OO. Leb
Co. 717-273-2910.
1979 IH 1086 130 hp. cab
air/heat 18.4 R-38 dual hyd
dual PTO $14,450, IH 720
automatic plows sxlB'
spring reset $2950 both ex
cond. Col. Co
717-437-2315.
63' Badger conveyor #7O
w/motor $BOO. Lane. Co.
717-367-7437
Ontario 14 hoe grain dnll on
steel $2OO, approx. 300
bales 2nd & 4th cutting
alfalfa 1.65 bale. Dau. Co
Michael Rovak, 0 Roval
Dr., Middletown, Pa
17057.
General farm tractor ok &
running orig. paint $B5O,
also Ford 4000 w/loader.
Union Co. 717-524-2410.
710 IH plow 5B16" like new
$l6OO, JD MT tractor w/3
pt & plow cult, good cond.
$2OOO. 717-966-1754.
2 britch harnesses, no lines
or bridles, $65 ea. Juniata
Co. David M. Swarey, Rt#l
Box 766, Mifflintown, Pa.
17059.
Sawed locust posts & fire
wood Jonathan M. Zook,
27 William Run Rd„ Christ
iana, Pa. 17509, ’/. mile
west of Christiana.
Flat btm. Girton milk tank
extra cooling coils on btm.
ideal for market or produce
cooling, also 3 HP com
pressors. John B. Zook,
5208 Peters Rd„ Kinzer,
Pa. 17535, Lane. Co.
1950 Chev. grain truck,
nice 14' bed, good rear
tires, no rust, ideal for
restoring $1250. York Co.
717-246-1596.
Strong-Welsh gelding,
loves traits, possible show,
8 yrs. old, bridle, saddle
included, outgrown by own
er, negotiable. Chester Co.
215-696-5916.
Goats 2 does & wether, Vi
nubian, 'A pygmy bottle
raised $55 ea., all for $l6O,
Reg. Nubian bucklings
$l5O. 215-469-9234.
9 yr. old Morgan carriage
horse, broke, $925.
Reuben R. Lapp, 903-A
Vintage Rd., Christiana,
Pa. 17509, Lane. Co.
10# Briggs engine, good
cond., best offer. Lane Co.
Levi Z. Fisher, 520 Cain*
Rd.. Gap, Pa. 17527.
JD 4030 tractor, quad
range, good cond., JD
1240 plateless planter
good working cond., Nl 3
pt. mower good working
cond. Lane. Co.
717-354-7151.
5 springing holstein heifers,
best offer. Lane. Co. Elam
F. Lapp, 10 Brubaker Rd.,
Lititz, Pa. 17543.
MF 35 combine 8' cut self
propelled good cond., JD
520 tractor 3 pt. PS live
hyd., JD cults., JD 3-14 3
pt. plow. York Co.
717-235-5189.
JD 5V4 ' hay head, for 38 or
3800 harvester $4OO. Lana
Co. 717-284-2444.