A3B-Unc*tt*r Fanning, Saturday, Fabnaty-17,1890
Poor Feed Management Can Lead To
ANDY ANDREWS
Lancaster Farming Staff
LANCASTER (Lancaster
Co.) Some of the mycotoxins
found in feed stocks for poultry
may be the result of poor feed man
agement and even the genetics of
the actual crop, according to a
microbiologist speaking at the the
Penn State Poultry Management
and Health Seminar here Monday.
“We may have selected, for
drought-resistant type of crops, the
problems caused by water reten
tion and the formation of fungi that
produce mycotoxins,” said Dr.
Mark E. Cook, who spoke to about
45 feed suppliers, veterinarians,
and other poultry industry rep
resentatives at the seminar.
Cook, a visiting Penn State
extension professor from the Uni
versity of Wisconsin, has done
research into the formation of fun
gi and mycotoxins in com feed
since 1983. His “feed and bleed”
methodology includes measuring
the immune parameters of an
organism and monitoring grain
mycotoxins and their effects on
poultry, including broilers and
turkey.
Fusarium moniliforme mold
was common in contaminated
com. Birds that were fed the com
developed a leg problem, which
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was easily stopped by feeding
them stabilized vitamin D-3. In
addition, a “spiking” problem in
birds was caused by a thiamine
decrease in the feed because of
molds. After 3 to 5 days of thia
mine treatment, the birds were ful
ly recovered.
“In all the com samples from
Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Vir
ginia, fusarium was isolated,”
Cook said.
He said that if broiler and turkey
producers in this country could cut
the spread of common molds and
decrease residence time of com by
50 percent, the U.S. would save
$5O million and increase dollars
per pound by $0.00294.
There are about 300 known
mycotoxins. said Cook, yet only
eight can successfully be tested
for. Com shipments should be
tested for known mycotoxin
producing fungi and antifungi
cides should be used. In addition,
producers should prevent moisture
contact with grains and feed and
take steps to reduce mold growth
in the litter.
Many of the problems caused by
fusarium, which has become more
common in grains, said Cook, is
thiamine deficiency in the flock.
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Poor feed management
could be causing nutrient
deficiency problems In
poultry, said Dr. Mark E.
Cook at the Penn State Poul
try Management and Health
Seminar In Lancaster.
To prevent this, the mold in the
grain must be removed and the
immune systems of the birds must
be checked.
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Mycotoxin Problems
Fusarium resistance
Cook proposed three hypthoscs
for the contamination of large
amounts of com feed. First, Cook
said, the com is not selected for
fusarium resistance. Wet weather,
which helps the formation of die
mycotoxin, increases the chances
of contamination. As the country
stores more bumper crops in illegal
piles (including round bins with no
ventilation), the mold problems
became more real and the toxins
increase.
“The steps to prevent mycoto
xin proliferation,” said Cook,
“include reducing mold growth,
using anti-fungicide, and screen
ing for molds.” Proper treatment
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of the corn and nutritional moni
toring of the flocks will keep most.
birds healthy.
“The broiler producer must
constantly monitor the feed bins,”
Cook said.- “Constantly monitor
ing any buildup in the feeder sys
tem, or the litter, will help keep the
birds from contracting it.”
Cook warned that any nutrient
deficiency can also be caused by a
mycotoxin by robbing the birds’
ability to use valuable feed nutri
ents. ‘ ‘But don’t jump on your vet
erinarian right away and blame it
on improper nutrition,” he said.
“It could be your poor feed man
agement that is causing these
problems.”
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