Greenhouse Effect Predicted Impact Life In Maryland
COLLEGE PARK, MD
Global wanning. The greenhouse
effect We’ve all heard the phras
es, bul to many of us, that’s all
they are theoretical terms that
have no meaning in our daily
lives. So we don’t think much
about them.
But we should, according to
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three speakers at a recent sympos
ium on the University of Mary
land campus at College Park.
“The greenhouse effect is not a
theory,” Alan Miller, executive
director of the university’s Center
for Global Change, told the audi
ence at “Enhancing Community
Vitality VII,” an educational event
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The symposium is sponsored an
nually by the University of Mary
land Cooperative Extension Ser
vice and its Institute for Govern
mental Service, with cooperation
from several other state agencies
and organizations.
“We have lots of evidence that
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greenhouse gases produce global
warming,” Miller declared. The
controversy involves how fast the
warming occurs and the effects it
will have. In essence, we are liv
ing an experiment.”
There are indications that sea
levels have risen more than three
feet in the last 300 years or so, not-
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), Saturday, January 6,1990-E3l
Lancaster Farmli
ed Dr. J. Court Stevenson, a pro
fessor at the university’s Center
for Environmental and Estuarine
Studies. But this rise is not the re
sult of a slow and steady increase.
“Ocean levels appear to be ris
ing at an accelerating almost
exponential rale,” he said. “In
previous centuries, the sea levels
probably rose less than a foot
every hundred years. We think the
rise over the last century has been
more like 1.3 feet.”
Maryland is already feeling the
effects of rising sea levels. Marsh
es, such as the one at the Eastern
Shore’s Blackwatcr National
Wildlife Refuge, arc being drown
ed. And adjacent farm fields are
turning into marshes as salt water
creeps inland. The stale is at risk
of losing up to 80 percent of its
wetlands, according to Miller.
Stevenson agreed.
“The Maryland coast will be
changed dramatically by global
wanning and rising sea levels. But
the effects won’t stop there,” he
added.
“The whole state will be affect
ed one way or another. Waterfront
property will be eroded. Ocean
City could lose its beach, and
groundwater supplies may have to
be regulated to ensure sufficient
drinking water for Maryland’s
growing population.”
In addition to raising sea levels,
an increase in average global tem
peratures even one as small as
1 or 2 degrees Centigrade could
cause drastic changes in global
weather patterns, according to
Miller. Wind and precipitation
patterns could be drastically alter
ed. Air pollution would worsen,
and the ecology of the Chesapeake
Bay could experience severe
stress.
“There’s even a theory, though
it’s hard to test,” he noted, “that a
rise in temperature will increase
the ferocity of hurricanes.”
So what can Maryland residents
do to prevent this bleak picture
from becoming a reality?
“We probably won’t be able to
prevent climatic changes,” Miller
said, “but if we can slow the rate
of change, the effects will be less."
“Unfortunately, there isn’t a
magic bullet, a single solution to
the problem,” added Cathy Zoi of
the Environmental Protection
Agency’s Global Climate Change
Division. “But there are lots of
small, separate changes and strate
gics that can reduce emissions 3
percent here, 10 percent there.
Taken together, these reductions
can have a large impact.”
Energy production, including
the burning of fossil fuels and the
production of electricity, pro
duces/gencratcs/crcates more than
half (57 percent) of all greenhouse
gases. But alternatives to many
currently practiced, environ
mentally expensive methods of
energy production arc being ex
plored or are already available, ac
cording to Zoi.
These alternatives include ener
gy-efficient, cost-effective light
ing technologies and photo-scnsi
tive windows that can reduce heal
ing and cooling losses; also
nuclear power and natural gas.
“If every home in the United
States used natural gas for stoves,
heating systems and hot water
heaters, we could reduce carbon
dioxide emissions 3 to 5 percent,”
she said.
Methane produced by landfills
could also be harnessed as a
source of energy This possibility
holds great potential for Mary-