M-Lancaster Fanning Saturday, July 18, 1987
(Continued from Pago D 2)
the 1981 farm bill as a reason. That
bill provided for annual increases
in the loan rate and target price.
“As the dominant exporter, we set
the price. Other countries were
guaranteed continuing price
increases, and thus had an environ
ment, created by this country, that
encouraged production increases.”
Several exporters, especially the
EC, also have boosted their shares
of the market through export
subsidies.
U.S. Policies
Have Changed
The 1985 farm bill is a different
story, however. If the goal is to
restore U.S. competitiveness,
Shane says, the bill was a step in
the right direction.
U.S. wheat sellers would like to
return to the competitive peak they
reached about 15 years ago, when
they had about 50 percent of the
export market. (That was a time of
big sales to the Soviet Union,
which had been hit by crop fai
lures.) The U.S. export share stay
ed above 40 percent for the next to
years, until falling to 38 percent in
1983/84.
The volume of U.S. wheat
exports reached a record 49 mil-
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DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED
Wheat Exports
lion tons in 1980/81. Then the big
skid began. U.S. sales were almost
halved in 4 years, falling to 25 mil
lion tons. Total world exports also
fell, though only by 15 percent, to
85 million tons.
Many countries have been
increasing their wheat production,
and this has hurt several of the
major exporters-especially the
United States. World production
this year is likely to break the
record of 512 million tons set 2
years ago. About 17 percent of the
wheat grown this year is expected
to enter the export market.
The wheat trade remains highly
concentrated, Shane notes, with
just 13 countries accounting for
more than 95 percent of wheat
exports, and 18 countries buying
more than 71 percent of the
imports.
Export Club
Has New Members
Only a few countries export sub
stantial amounts of wheat, but the
makeup of that group has changed.
Shane notes that 8 of the 13 expor
ters in 1981/83 had been importers
in 1961/63. Another example of
the volatility of the trade is the shift
by the Soviet Union from major
exporter status in the early 1960 s
to major importer more recently.
Several EC countries are among
the most striking examples of the
rapid changes that have occurred
in the wheat trade. The United
Kingdom bought 11 percent of
world wheat imports 25 years ago,
but has become an exporter. And
France increased its share of the
exports from 4 percent to 15 per
cent in the same time period. The
10 leading importers in one recent
year were the Soviet Union, China,
Egypt, Brazil, Poland, Algeria,
Iraq, Iran, Morocco, and South
Korea.
Shane sees some irony in the EC
trend because Europe has not tradi
tionally been a producer of surplus
amounts of wheat “With high
population density and expensive
price tags on land in much of Eur
ope, grain production has been a
fairly inefficient use of the resour
ces,” Shane says. He adds, howev
er, that a political decision was
made to pay the price of building
up the wheat sector of the EC farm
economy. But this has resulted,
especially in France, in strengthen
ing the wheat industry to the point
that it is now highly competitive.
This means trouble for U.S.
wheat growers, who will have a
difficult time regaining the portion
of the wheat trade that was lost
during the last few trying years.
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NEWARK, Del. If you’re
planning a trip this summer, what
arrangements will you make for
your pet? You could solve the
problem with the help of a friendly
neighbor. Or, you might leave your
pet at a boarding kennel. But if you
decide to take it along, Dr. Paul
Meckley, a veterinarian in the
department of animal science and
agricultural biochemistry at the
University of Delaware, has some
advice about traveling with an
animal.
Before the trip, make sure your
pet has had a rabies vaccination
and a distemper-hepatitis booster.
Have a veterinarian check the ani
mals for minor skin ailments, ear
infection or anything else that
could become an acute problem on
the trip. Remember to pack any
medication your pet needs to take
regularly, particularly heartworm
medication.
It’s also wise to find out about
regulations regarding pets in the
area you plan to visit, especially if
you are leaving the United States.
Before you leave, make sure pets
•are permitted at the motels and
camping areas where you plan to
stop, Meckley advises.
If your pet is not accustomed to
automobile travel, prepare it by
taking it on several afternoon rides
before the vacation.
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717-786-4158
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Consider the pet’s comfort
while traveling. It’s unfair to
expect a frisky animal to stay
cooped up in a small cage for long
periods, the veterinarian says.
Include exercise and relief stops in
your driving schedule. When the
animal is allowed out of the vehi
cle, be sure it is on a leash. Many a
vacation has been ruined when a
pet darted off at a rest stop.
“It is not advisable to allow a pet
to put its head out of the window
while you are driving,” Meckley
says. “Although it may seem cool
er for the pet, it is dangerous for
several reasons.” The animals may
jump out, and if it’s wearing a
leash, the pet may choke itself.
Foreign objects may get in its eyes,
or they may dry out and become
irritated.
Make animal'get
enough water and, if possible, its
regular food. “If you leave your pet
in a parked car,” Meckley says,
“park in the shade and leave a win
dow open to give the pet some air
and to relieve it from the intense
heat” The temperature inside a car
parked in the direct sunlight can
rise to 160 degrees in 20 to 25
minutes.
Keep these precautions in mind
and your pet can be a good travel
ing companion.
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414-897-2251
DISTRICT MANAGER
Dennis Skibo
717-664-2333
Patz