D22—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, October 6,1984
Potassium affects stress
AMARILLO, Tex. Stresses,
whether during shipping or after
arrival at the feedlot, may be in
volved in altering the optimum
nutrient requirements of cattle,
according to David P. Hutcheson,
animal nutritionist at Texas
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Amarillo.
Speaking to an International
Minerals & Chemical-sponsored
animal nutrition and stress con
ference, Hutcheson says that
“nutrition and stress interrelate
and are a continuous process. ’ ’
When cattle are transported, he
says, the most common stress
response is loss of body weight
shrink, comprised of water losses.
is possible that acute
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potassium deficiency occurs
during stress where the water
balance is upset.
“Potassium deficiency,” he
continues, “is manifested by slow
growth, depressed energy
utilization, muscular weakness,
stiffness, decreased feed intake,
intracellular acidosis and nervous
disorders. While potassium
deficiency hasn’t been an apparent
problem in animal nutrition, cattle
fed high concentrate diets might
have suboptimal K levels.”
Hutcheson cites a series of ex
periments defining potassium
requirements of the shipped
stressed calf. Table 1 illustrates
the diet used in these studies.
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Table 1
Ingredient
Milo, steam flaked
Corn, steam flaked
Sugarcane Molasses
Cottonseed Hulls
Supplement 3
3 Supplement was
Potassium was added to these
experimental diets as KCI, he
explains. All calves received the
experimental diet for two weeks.
Table 2
Levels of
Potassium
% Dry Matter
,86 a
1.27 b
1.41 3
2.15 b
3.11 b
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then the control diet (,71%K) the
next two weeks. Table 2 illustrates
the response to gains of calves fed
varying levels of K.
Grams of Potassium Per
100 lbs. Body Weight
0-14 Days 0-28 Days
7.9
8.6
11.5
14.6
21.1
29.3
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% Composition
42.5
24.5
3.0
23.6
6.4
supplement.
Average
Daily Gain(2B)
\l\
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1.70
1.76
1.36
1 75
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a Trial 1
b Trial 2
The best gains, Hutcheson says,
“were obtained when either the
1.27%K or 1.41%K was fed. The
optimum intake of K per 100 lbs. of
body weight was 12-15 grams. The
requirement for growing, finishing
cattle is between .6 and .8% of
ration dry matter. The 12 grams K
per 100 lbs. of body weight
necessary for optimum gain after
transportation stress is 20% more
than the requirement without
stress.”
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