C2—Uncasttr Farming, Saturday, April 28,1984
V
UNIVERSITY PARK -
Population growing faster than
food production now occurring
in Africa and South Asia is the
most difficult food problem
worldwide, in the opinion of a Penn
State economist working to im
prove international agriculture.
Wayne A. Schutjer, College of
Agriculture economist, said the
worst gap between food production
and food needs is centered in
Africa and South Asia where food
production per person declined
between 1970 and 1980.
“Africa and South Asia are the
continents where the largest
population growth will continue,”
he affirmed. “The population of
Africa, which stood at 401 million
in 1975, is projected to reach 823
million by the next century.
“South Asia, with a current
population of 1.2 billion, will
surpass 4.1 billion within another
hundred years. That many
billions,” he added, “about equals
the population of the entire world
back in 1975.”
To back his observations,
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Food shortage problems will continue
Schutjer said tood production in
the less developed nations grew at
a faster rate than in the developed
nations from 1970 to 1980.
Nonefhesless, rapid population
growth in the “have not” countries
allowed almost no additional food
per person. In the developed
nations, food production per
person increased by 8 percent from
1970 to 1980.
The population versus food
situation is further complicated by
periodic famine among low income
groups throughout the globe,
closely related to chronic hunger
among 750 million people.
For 20 years, Schutjer has
conducted studies of international
agricultural development. During
an 18 month leave-of-absence, he
served as the Southeast Asia
Program Advisor for the Ford
Foundation. Earlier he directed
the Research and Training Net
work of the Agricultural
Development Council, a private
foundation in New York City. Prior
to this he was in the Policy Plan
ning Division of the Agency for
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International Development, U.S.
Department of State.
The Penn State economist said
programs and policies are
available for the U.S. and other
nations to assist “have not”
countries in meeting their food
needs. Ultimately, however,
solutions must be found in the food
deficit nations themselves, he
affirmed.
For “have not” nations to
provide adequate food, birth
control must be used widely and
other social and economic chances
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must be introduced into
agriculture, Schutjer declared.
“It’s an old story but one that
bears repeating,” he said. “Social
and economic changes that
redistribute income downward
provide income to buy food. And
farmers need access to land and
capital to increase food production
both lacking in many less
developed nations.”
He indicated the transformation
from “have not” to “have” will be
difficult, expensive, time
consuming, and not without
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political turmoil and voilence in
many countries.
‘To redistribute assets and
create institutions to benefit the
poor and those not well served goes
against the existing patterns of
wealth and power,” he noted.
He concluded that the U.S. can
serve a major role in developing
agricultural technology for use in
the less developed countries. But
he said it is not likely that the
“have not” nations will welcome
foreign assistance in changing the
distribution of wealth and power.
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