UNIVERSITY PARK -
Breeding cows for higher protein
milk could result in consumers
getting better milk and cheese
products without paying more,
says a dairy scientist at Penn
State.
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The technique could be
economically rewarding to dairy
farmers who sell high protein milk,
says Dr. George Hargrove,
University professor who con
ducted research in protein
breeding.
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Breeding cows for higher protein
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EQUIPMENT,me-
“Protein content could be the
trait of the future, or even now,” he
says. “So we have to give it some
attention.” '
Though milk pricing historically
has been determined by pounds of
milk with a differential for fat
Model 125
1901b5./minute
content, Dr. Hargrove says im
plementing a protein .pricing
system could benefit the dairy
industry.
Fat has a poor reputation among
consumers, he says, while “cheese
right now is the bright spot in the
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Lancaster Faming, Saturday, January 21,1984—A27
Montana free
of brucellosis
WASHINGTON, D.C.
All but a small por
tion of western Montana
has been classified free
of cattle brucellosis, a
U.S. Department of
Agriculture official said
today.
“Montana’s ap
plication to be classified
as two areas was
reviewed the approved
by USDA and a special
committee of the U.S.
Animal Health
Association,” said Bert
Hawkins, administrator
of USDA’s Animal and
Plant Health Inspection
Service.
“Montana is the
second state to have a
combination of class A
and free areas.
Wyoming is the other
state so classified,” he
said.
“Montana was
previously a class A
state which means no
more than 0.25 percent
of its market-tested
cattle were infected. A
free rating means the
state has had no known
infection for 12 months
dairy industry. If the consumer
public knew we were paying more
for high-protein milk to produce
better cheese, the whole system
would be perceived more
favorably.”
For his study, Dr. Hargrove
tested about 140 herds for protein
content. In addition, dairy farmers
from throughout Pennsylvania
subscribed to protein testing at
their own expense. Milk samples
were analyzed for protein content
with electronic machines at Penn
Stage’s Dairy Herd Improvement
Service Center.
Dr. Hargrove says protein
content is about 64 percent
heritable. In order to breed for
high protein, he explains, farmers
use the data collected in protein
testing to select the cows with
highest protein content and then
identify sires that will transmit the
protein trait to their offspring.
“The principles and procedures
of high-protein breeding are the
same as in any order breeding,” he
says. “You need to select superior
cows. The part of the process that
makes it new is collecting the
data.”
Because it takes extra feed to
produce high-protein milk, Dr.
Hargrove suggests farmers
receive more money for their high
protem milk from processors of
milk and cheese.
In turn, the processors will be
able to make more cheese with the
high-protein milk. Because their
increased production will
represent improved efficiency, the
extra price should not be picked up
by the consumer, he says.
“If a protein premium were
introduced, the person producing
milk with higher protein would get
more money from the processor. It
can be a reward system for those
producing the richer milk, but I
don’t see any real influence on the
consumer. The processors will just
pay more to farmers who can
market high-protein milk.”
Dr. Hargrove predicts the dairy
industry will see a “creeping ef
fect” of more processors “paying
attention to protein in the pricing
scheme. We’ve laid the basis and
we’re now getting the data to know
which cows are good.”
Currently all Pennsylvania cows
enrolled with the Dairy Herd
Improvement Association are
tested for protein in their milk. “I
sense an overall increased interest
in protein information,” he states.
or longer.
“Normally, a whole
state is rated free, class
A, B or C, depending on
its herd infection rate,”
said Hawkins. “A state
may have two areas of
classification, however,
if it can exercise the
necessary controls over
cattle movements
between the areas. ’ ’
Since Montana has an
effective • brand law,
state officials can
control the movements
of breeding cattle from
the seven-county area
that remains class A,
Hawkins said. Also, the
area is separated by
mountains from the 48
counties that are
brucellosis-free.
“Cattle from free
areas or states can be
moved without
brucellosis tests if
identified to source,”
Hawkins said. “Post
movement tests are
recommended for
shipments crossing
state lines, however,
because of possible
exposure en route.”