E36—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, August 20,1983
English visitors
(Continued from Page E 34)
those type of socks.” Mrs. Pauley
commented. In fact, public schools
reqire school uniforms of gray
suits, shirts, and red ties. England
has school year around except for
a six-week summer break.
Saving for the trip was no
sacrifice Mrs. Pauley insists
because “it is worth everything. It
is what we wanted more than
anything else.”
“I wanted to take this trio while I
could.” Mrs. Pauley explained
ruefully as she held up her walking
cane. For the last ten years she has
suffered from muscular dystophy.
“But why should I be miserable
and complain?” she asks. “I can
do most anything I want,” she
added with the cheerful finality
that is so typical of her character.
America is a lot like the Pauley’s
expected except, “it is so hot.”
Mrs. Pauley said of the heat wave
that has blanketed the area.
The Landis’s enjoy sharing their
farm with others who appreciate
it. They spend many hours com
paring different forms of ex
pressions between the two coun
tries. “In England, ‘come for tea’
really means come for the evening
meal, not a cup of tea.” Mrs.
Pauley explained. “And we call a
car windshield a windscreen.”
When Nicholas asks his American
friends for a cookie, Douglas eyes
him strangly until his mother
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research at the Delaware
Agricultural Experiment Station
at Newark may lead to an effective
way to apply nitrogen when
irrigated com needs it most.
Agronomist Merle Teel and his
student assistant Robert Turnbull
acheived significant yield in
creases by spraying com with urea
solution as it approached the
reproductive stage of growth.
Despite all the nitrogen growers
apply, it is still the chief yield
limiting factor for irrigated com,
the scientist explains. The problem
is, rainfall and irrigation can move
some of the nitrogen beyond the
rooting depth of com seedlings.
Because of this risk, many
explains that in England cookies
are called biscuits.
Besides visiting many local
attractions the Pauleys have
visited Hershey Park, Long Wood
Gardens and Washington D.C.
“It’s a smashing holiday,” Mrs.
Pauley claimed when referring to
their three week visit. In England
the word holiday replaces our word
for vacation.
The Groff’s and the Landis’s
hope to visit England someday but
in the meanwhile they will revert
to more letter writing and phone
calls.
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growers spread only one-third to
one-half of the required nitrogen
prior to planting, and side-dress
the rest later in the season. But wet
soils often prevent late side
dressing. Further, nitrogen ap
plied through an irrigation system
may move into waterlogged soils
where it becomes lost through
leaching or denitrification.
Therefore, in July, 1982, the
scientist and student decided to
test another method of applying
nitrogen at' the penod of peak
demand.
They misted com at early
tasseling and again at the full-silk
stage with a solution made by
dissovhng 5.5 gallons of granular
urea in a gallon of hot water. With
each misting they applied 5 gallons
of solution per acre, totalling 16.5
pounds of nitrogen per acre. Leaf
margins tumed white within four
.days, but the damage was minimal
and not considered a serious
threat.
Teel had no reason to expect a
yield increase, because the com
had been fertilized when 4 inches
tall with 150 pounds of N in the
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lorrn of ammonium nitrate, and
the crop followed soybeans. The
foliar nitrogen spray was tested at
a wide range of plant densities,
ranging from 9,600 to 25,000 plants
per acre.
In seven of the 14 comparisons,
yields were greater with foliar
urea even with lower plant
populations. If the urea were of no
benefit, the untreated rows should
have outyieled the misted rows by
18 bushels per acre due to a higher
plant density. But in actuality
there was only, a 5.5-bushel dif
ference. In five cases, yields of the
misted com were equal or greater,
with a population disadvantage
ranging between 1,200 and 2,700
plants per acre.
When yields were compared on
the basis of bushels of grain per
1,00 plants (an index of crop ef
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ficiency), urea had a marked ef
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20,000 plants per acre, foliar urea
increased yields from 165 to 179.8
bushels per acre. This 14.8-bushel
benefit was realized by adding only
16.5 pounds of N. Such a degree of
nitrogen use efficiency is seldom
realized.
Teel and Tumball found a direct
relationship between plant
population densities and yields on
irrigated com, providing there was
sufficient nitrogen. To ensure high
yields under irrigation, then, a
grower should go for high plant
population densities and make
sure there is enough nitrogen at the
period of peak demand, around the
time of tassel emergence. In this
study, a foliar spray of urea at that
tune clearly contributed to in
creased ear size.
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