D2B—Lancaster Faming, Saturday, March 5,1983
NEWARK, Del - To grow well,
pigs must eat properly. Whether a
fanner buys ready mixed feed or
prepares his own, it must contain
certain necessary nutrients, says
University of Delaware Extension
livestock specialist Richard
Fowler. He has several
suggestions to help pork producers
evaluate and improve feed quality.
A balanced swine diet contains
ground grain for energy, some
from of protein like soybean meal,
plus supplementary vitamins and
minerals. Sow lactation rations
may contain additional ingredients
like alfalfa meal, ground oats or
what bran for bulk. Feeder pig
starter diets often are more ef
fective when milk products and
sugar are added, Fowler says.
The grain may be ground, rolled,
roasted or fed in a high moisture
form. “Dry rations sometimes are
moistened and fed as a paste or in
water. But my observation of wet
Steam, Gas Show directory
LANCASTER - Wheeled farm
engines that have been retired
from active duty are put through
their paces for an admiring public,
every summer throughout the
United States and Canada.
Some of these engines are
gigantic vehicles propelled by
steam; many others are tractors
powered by internal combustion
engines. With them are stationary
gas engines, which also had a role
in producing farm energy.
Just about 400 shows are held on
this continent annually with all the
atmosphere of an oldtime country
fair. The shows are Ml of
nostalgia—wholesome en
Swine rations require careful preparation
feeding is that-it requires more
careful management. And the
results may not be any better than
those obtained with dry feeds,” he
says.
He recommends having a swine
nutritionist check rations to be
sure they contain proper amounts
of all essential nutrients. The
Extension Service does not do this,
but can provide suggestions for
rations.
“When formulating your own
feed,” Fowler says, “remember
that ingredients differ. Com and
barley are not equivalent energy
sources especially for a young
pig. Substitute ingredients only
after checking with a nutritionist.
Use feed additives as directed and
observe withdrawal restrictions.”
There are five ways to obtain
complete swine rations, the
specialist says.
They can be bought and
delivered directly to the farm. In
tertainment and education
every member of the family.
To find where the shows are
held, consult the ninth annual
Steam & Gas Show Directory?
issued by the Stemgas Publishing
Co. Cost of the illustrated book is
$3.50; order from Stemgas, Box
328, Lancaster, PA 17603.
The events feature far more in
addition to engines—good food,
steam calliopes, museums
showing all sorts of oldtime
equipment, flea markets, railroad
rides, book sales, quilting bees and
fun that many city folk have
forgotten how to have.
4-H —
a family affair
this case, the cost will include and minerals soon lose their
markup on ingredients plus potency, Fowler warns. Some
charges for grinding and delivery. manufacturers package sup-
The second method is a version plements separately for this
of the grain bank. Producers who reason.
grow grain and feed hogs can It is also possible to prepare base
deliver or store grain at a com- mixes on the farm. But this
mercial elevator which has feed requires mixing equipment
mixing capabilities. The elevator designed for vitamin and trace
will do the grinding and mixing on mineral preparation plus very
request and then deliver the accurate scales. Someone must
rations, charging some markup for also be available to prepare the
storage, supplemental ingredient mix. This method offers greater
additions, preparation and flexibility in ration formulation
delivery. and lower ingredient costs, but
A third method involves buying works best on farrow-to-finish
complete feed supplements and farms of 100 sows or more,
mixing them with ground grain on * ‘The method of feed preparation
the farm. Two or three sup- you choose depends on the time
plements are required for farrow- and labor available to mix feed,”
to-finish units, Fowler says. Fowler says. “Don’t attempt to
Depending on how much is used, make base mixes unless you’re
they can be stored in bulk bins or willing to weigh and mix all
bags. Cost of this system includes ingredients carefully.”
markup, delivery and handling. Proper storage is also essential
Base mixes or premixes such as to a successful feeding program,
vitamin and mineral supplements Keep bagged ingredients on pallets
can also be bought and blended on or raised platforms. Install hopper
the farm with corn and soybean bottoms on bins that will be emp
meal. These premixes should not tied and refilled often,
be stored longer than three months Complete clean-out is important
because, when combined, vitamins in bins holding grain bought at
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frequent intervals, or those where
the contents change. Check bins
regularly to avoid grain buildup
and possible molding. Hopper
bottoms for grain should slope 45
degrees. Those for bean meal
should slope 60 degrees unless they
have an antibridging device.
Fowler says vibrating devices
have not proved effective in
preventing bridging. Instead, he
recommends using a rotating
vertical device with hanging
chains.
On-farm mixing equipment
usually consists of tractor-powered
units or stationary mills. Clean and
check these for accuracy. Test
feed samples regularly for protein,
calcium and phosphorus to assure
proper diet formulation and
mixing, he advises.
Fanners can determine the feed
preparation system best suited to
their operations by calculating the
cost of finished feed in the bin or
feeder and comparing this with the
production performance of pigs.
“You may be surprised to leam
that there are more effective
alternatives than the one you’ve
been using,” Fowler says.
fr.irtors .
Equipment
The Ch»n Sam Pretetnnalt