Dl6—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, January 22,1983
UNIVERSITY PARK -
Veterinarians are called to dairy
farms in winter months more often
than any other time of the year.
Farmers can cut down visits and
ultimately reduce vet bills with
certain precautions.
Increased confinement and
inadequate ventilation create an
optimal environment for
pneumonia and other infectious
respiratory diseases, says Penn
Lancaster Co. DHIA
Mervin Sauder
Peck RH
Samuel F Long
Joyce RH
Red Knob Farm
180 GrH
Ferncrest Farm
292 RH
John E Kreider
Jelly RH
Brubacher& Martin
5 RH
Nathan E Stoltzfus
Marlene RH
Clarence M Hoover
Holly GrH
Aaron 8 Lantz
Hinda RH
Walter C Pownall
155 GrH
Sol S Stoltzfus
12 GrH
Kenneth E Zunn
Jud RH
Spring Lawn Farm
126 RH
James Martin
Minerva RA
John D Martin
Deb RH
Paul M Fahnestock
1 GrH
Samuel B Lapp
Phil RH
David L Landis
Gerry RH
Joseph L Fisher
Rachel 2 RH
Harry H RanckJr
Ginger RH
K D & Else Linde
Helga RG
Charles Smith
51 ' RH
MelvinS Stoltzfus
33 Tilda GrH
Minimize winter herd health problems
State Extension veterinarian Dr.
Lawrence Hutchinson.
Poor nutrition, another major
problem, according to Hutchinson,
occurs in late winter because the
herd is maintained almost ex
clusively on stored feeds that lose
some nutritive value during
storage.
Many of the stored or ensiled
feeds become damaged due to
heat-drying, ensiling or length of
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305
4-4
21,645
305
4-6
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6-2
20,783
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24,252
292
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5-10
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21,040
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24.305
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16,890
20,489
251
17,190
282
storing time from harvest. The
nutritive value of such feeds
becomes poorer as winter con
tinues and the incidence of
nutrition-related illnesses, such as
ketosis, twisted stomach and milk
fever increase.
Periodic analyses of forages and
feeds pinpoint deficiencies in a
ration so that farmers can sup
plement and make necessary
changes to achieve a balance
ration.
Hutchinson says because of
more animal contact, stress due to
extremely cold weather and a high
moisture content in the air and
bedding, pneumonia becomes a
problem in the lactating cows as
well as heifers and calves.
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By keeping exhaust and booster
fans well maintained and
providing the herd with at least
four air exchanges an hour, far
mers can minimize the rate of
respiratory infections.
Wet bedding in calving' pens
provides a virtual hotbed for the
organism E. coli, a major cause of
calf scours. Farmers can reduce
the incidence of calf scours by
using dry, long-stemmed bedding,
such as straw or com stover.
Because animals remain inside
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FINEST QU ALITY SEEDS
AT BEST PRICES
J
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770
770
WL ALFALFAS *2.55 it).
APOLLO 2.16 ib.
SARANAC AR 2.20 ib.
ARLINGTON CLOVER 1.50 ib.
MEDIUM RED CLOVER 1.15 Ib.
VORIS SEED CORN
NEW—TOP YIELD
LARRY OATS 4.60 bu.
SWEET CORN SEED
during winter, the calving pens
tend to be used more, especially on
farms with limited space. A pen
may be used for a sick cow one day
and a fresh cow with calf the next.
Frequent changes of bedding help
provide the animals with a cleaner
environment and reduce the
spread of disease.
To ensure further protection
from scours and other tran
smissible diseases, calves are best
maintained individually, either in
outdoor hutches or indoor pens.
Don’t keep calves together before
Export sales to India
WASHINGTON, D.C.-Private
exporters recently reported to the
U.S. Department of Agriculture
optional origin export sales of
20,000 metric tons of soybean oil for
delivery to India durin? the 1982-83
weaning, advises Hutchinson.
A healthy cow will begin the
winter months with ample body
stores of nutrients but must rely on
stored forage and feed during the
latter part of the winter. A cow in
poor condition to begin with starts
the cold season at a disadvantage.
Reducing various detrimental
effects on herds from the cold
northeast winters can be im
plemented on most farms,
however, to some farmers, winter
can seem like the longest season of
the year, Hutchinson observes.
marketing year, which ends Sept.
30, 1963. An optional origin con
tract provides that the origin of the
commodity may be the U.S. or one
or more other exporting countries.
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