Researchers get more milk
UNIVERSITY PARK - Cows in
plexiglass isolation chambers are
helping unravel the mystery of
why la eta ting cows produce more
milk after injections of bovine
growth hormone, Henry Tyrrell, a
USDA scientist, reported at the
recent American Dairy Science
Association meeting held at Penn
State.
In experiments at the Beitsviile
Agricultural Research Center, in
Maryland, milk energy production
increased 26 percent, even though
the cows ate Rightly less feed.
Tyrrell said the higher output of
milk resulted from the cows’
metabolism being shifted to
production of milk at the expense
'of body tissue such as fat.
In this joint Agricultural
Research Service-Cornell
University study, lactating cows in
the special plexiglass chambers
were injected daily with natural
growth hormone, Tyrrell said.
The chambers aided scientists to
measure the amount of feed, water,
and oxygen the animals consumed,
and how much the animals ex
creted as urine, feces, methane,
and carbon dioxide. The amount of
milk produced and tissue gained or
lost as fat and protein were also
precisely measured using these
chambers and supporting
equipment.
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Tyrrell said that although the
increase in milk production using
growth hormone is impressive,
obtaining information on what
happens metabolically during
lactation appears an even more
important consequence of this
research.
Dale E. Bauman, a nutritional
biochemist at Cornell University,
said that because of the scarcity
and high cost of naturally oc
curring growth hormone, the
treatments to date have lasted only
a few weeks. For this reason the
long term effects on the cow and on
milk production are not yet known.
The growth hormone used in
these experiments was extracted
from cow pituitary glands obtained
from meat-packing houses. Such
hormone is rare and expensive.
However, more economical growth
hormone produced by bacteria
through genetic engineering may
soon be available, Bauman noted.
Use of growth hormone on the
average dairy farm is not an
ticipated anytime in the near
future, Tyrrell estimated. A
number of improvements in ad
ministering the hormone, and
understanding of the mechanism
of action, and demonstration of its
safety will be required before
practical application would be
possible.
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