B44—Lancaster Farming,-Saturday, November 14,1981
USDA announces F.Y. 1982 county/commodity allocations
WASHINGTON, D.C. - The U.S.
Department of Agriculture today
released its tentative allocations,
by country and commodity, under
Title 1 and Title 111 of the Public
Law 480 program for fiscal year
1982.
According to Deputy Under
Secretary of Agriculture Thomas
A Hammer, $665.5 million of the
planned $765.5 million in com
modity assistance has been ten
tatively allocated Hammer said 25
HPI couple will share
African dairying
PENRYN - Heifer Project
International will hold a special
meeting Sunday night, November
15 at 7:30 in the White Oak Church
of the Brethren in Penryn located
northeast of Manheun.
The featured speakers will be
Tom and Barbara Needham who
have spent the last two years
working with dairy farmers in
Cameroon, Africa. The lowa
couple, visiting the U S before
Soil use
UNIVERSITY PARK
For the first time,
scientists have deter
mined the average
annual temperatures
for soils in certain areas
of Pennsylvania and
West Virginia. The
results explain how soils
can be used in different
ways, showing the
importance of average
temperatures for
agriculture and other
purposes.
“Temperature of the
soil is one of its most
important charac
teristics because it
affects almost all
physical, chemical, and
biological reactions in
the soil,” declared E.J.
Ciolkosz, soil scientist at
Penn State.
Ciolkosz and others
surveyed soils in
Pennsylvania and
northern West Virginia
and determined
average annual soil
temperatures at four
forested sites of dif
ferent elevations.
Measurements were
made over four years,
from 1976 through 1979.
Results showed that
at a depth of 20 inches,
soil temperatures
ranged from 52 degrees
Fahrenheit in southern
Pennsylvania to 44
degrees Fahrenheit in
northern counties.
Increasing the elevation
by 1200 feet lowered
average soil tem
peratures by 4 degrees
F. across the state.
Soils are classified
according to their an
nual average tem
peratures. Ciolkosz’s
study shows two classes
being represented in the
surveyed areas. They
are: frigid, with an
average annual soil
temperature of 32
degrees F. to 47 degrees
F; and mesic, with an
average annual soil
temperature of 47
countries presently are scheduled
to receive approximately 3.1
million metric tons of food
assistance.
The three largest allocations are
scheduled for Egypt, $275 million;
Bangladesh, $30.5 million; and
Pakistan, $5O million.
Hammer said the $lOO million
not yet allocated has been set aside
as a reserve to furnish com
modities for any countries that
experience
returning for a final year in Africa,
will show slides on the Cameroon
Heifer project.
Two years ago, the Needhams
encountered only two farmers in
Cameroon with dairy cows. Now
they reported that more than 20
fanners have dairy operations.
The public is invited to attend and
hear the interesting story ot
dairying in Africa
varies with temperature
degrees F. to 59 degrees
F. The Penn Staters
found frigid soils were
mainly in the nor
thcentral part of the
state while mesic soil
types dominated the
rest of the state.
This information can
be used a number of
ways by people having
problems related to soil
use. For example,
temperature data was
needed to help design a
summer cooling system
for a home by cooling
air circulated from the
house to pipes buned
four feet in the ground.
mey be added to the list in order to
meet emergency situations and to
provide additional assistance to
countries already identified.
He said the initial allocations
were designed to meet the
requirement of Section 111 of the
P L. 480 Act, which directs that not
less than 75 percent of food aid
commodities be allocated to
friendly countries that meet the
international Development
Association poverty criterion. The
announced countries in this
category are those with an annual
per capita gross national product
of |730 or less.
Hammer said approximately 15
percent of the value of the Title 1
allocation identified today was
expected to be used to finance Title
HI Food for Development
programs.
He said the tentative allocations
announced today are based on the
P.L. 480 revised budget amend
ment submitted to Congress Sept.
30 by President Reagan.
Hammer also said the program
takes into account variations in
commodity and budget
availabilties in the United States
and participating countries;
changing economic and foreign
policy situations, including human
rights assessments; potential tor
market development; fluctuations
in commodity prices; availability
ot handling, storage, and
distribution facilities; and possible
disincentive to local production
Anothei use ot lluj
information is the
possibility of predicting
frost penetration when
laying water lines.
Knowing how deep the
frost is going to
penetrate the soil might
prevent freezing of
water lines.
As far as what can be
grown in these regions,
Ciolkosz said, “In frigid
soil areas, corn can
generally be grown only
for silage while in mesic
areas, it can be
produced for gram as
well as silage. In ad
dition, in frigid areas
where the soils are poor
because of shallowness,
high water tables, or
sandiness, general
agricultural production
can not be maintained.”
He continued, “It is
not advisable to go into
high elevation areas
where low temperatures
and marginal land can
damage crops.”
However, even in the
coldest regions the
study showed that frost
didn’t penetrate over 10
mches into the soil when
a blanket of leaves and
snow acted as in
sulation.
and other factors,
Since situations may develop
which could cause a change in
country and commodity
allocations during the fiscal year,
the initial allocations represent
neither final U.S. commitments
nor agreements with participating
Country
$738 or Less
Per Capital GNP
Bangladesh
Egypt
El Salvador
Ghana
Guinea
Haiti
Honduras
Indonesia
Kenya
Liberia
Pakistan
Senegal
Somalia
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Tanzania
Zaire
Zambia
Subtotal
Angus breeders
(Continued from Page 842>
average price of $1,558. The 40,699
head of cattle sold at auction
represent less than 30% of the total
number of registered Angus sold
last year.
Missouri maintained its lead in i. Missouri, 14,367; 2. lowa,
total registrations, transfers and 8,893; 3. Nebraska, 8,188; 4.
new regular memberships during Virginia, 7,699; 5. Montana, 7,163;
the year. Illinois was first in junior 6. Texas, 6,800 ;7. Kentucky, 6,469;
memberships, and South Dakota 8. Oklahoma, 6,410; 9. Illinois,
was first again in the number of 5,926; and 10. Tennessee, 5,482.
AMR weaning and yearling Regular Membershisp
weights processed. The top 10 1. Missouri, 135; 2. Kentucky,
states in each of these catagories ■ 133; 3.- Tie'; Texas and Virginia
and their totals are: - 111- 4 Tennessee 101- 5
Weaning and Yearling Weights 94; 6. Illinois, 82; 1.
1. South Dakota, 21,329; 2. ■Oklahoma, 74; 8. lowa, 72; 9.
Montana, 19,867; 3. lowa, 16,629; 4. ■Nebrat'ia, 67; and 10. North
Nebraska, 14,865; 5. North Dakota, ■ Carolina, 64.
8,713; 6. Missouri, 8,473; - 7.1 Junior Memberships
Virginia, 8,345; 8. Kansas 7,712; 9. K 1. Illinois, 74; 2. Missouri; 73; 3.
Minnesota, 6,116; 10. Georgia, T Texas, 65; 4. Tennessee, 60; 5.
G* oo4 - y Oklahoma, 56; 6., tie, California
Registrations ■ and lowa, 49; 7. Kansas, 41; 8.
1. Missouri, 17,894; 2. Montana, Ohio, 39; 9. Indiana, 33; and 10.
14,534; 3. lowa, 13,998; 4. Kentucky, 31,
governments. Hammer said each
program will be Reviewed prior to
final negotiations with the
recipient country.
A list of wheat and feedgram
allocations follows. Additional
information is available from call
Mary Chambliss 202/447-3573.
SMII
- Total
Foedtralno
Wh««t
50.5
275.0
22.4 b/
7.0
5.0
9.0
5.0
17.5
15.0
10.0
50.0
7.0
14.5
17.6
25.0
5.0
10.0
7.0
552.5
145
1,500 a/
120
17
11a/
31
28
99
28
21a/
100
114 a/
57a/
23
2,294
Nebraska, 13,102; 5. South Dakota,
10,346 ; 6. Texas, 9,573; 7. Ken
tucky, 9,225; 8. Virginia 9,037; 9.
Oklahoma, 8,693; and 10. Kansas,
8,656.
Total
Food
57
29
2,569
(83%)
Transfers