Look at wheat, barley
NEWARK, Del. - The first step
in preparing for, fall seeding of
wheat and barley is to look at the
varieties that are, available, notes
Delaware Extension crops
specialist Frank Webb. i
The standard barley varieties
are still holding up well in variety
trials at the University of
Delaware Georgetown Substation.
Henry is still. one of the best
varieties. Maury is another good
variety that matures several days
later. Surry is yet another good one
with a growing season a bit shorter
than Henry’s.
Some other varieties did not
perform as well in the trials.
Rapidan is rapidly losing favor
because of its disease' suscep
tibility and low yields. McNair 601
happened to yield well this year,
but this release seems quite
variable in its . susceptibility to
various diseases. Some years it
has yielded very poorly. Webb
recommends steering clear of any
variety that is so variable.
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While there don’t seem to be
many new barley varieties cm the
horizon, there are quite a few new
wheat varieties coming along. In
addition, standard! wheat varieties
like Abe and Potomac are con
tinuing to perform well m the
trials.
McNair 1003 is a highryielding
wheat variety that gained a lot of
acreage in Delaware last year.
One problem with this one, though,
v is its low test weight* Millers have
been complaining about the quality
of the flour made from this grain.
so some elevators are refusing to
accept it. Farmers who plan to
grow McNair 1003 should besure to
check first with a gram elevator to
make sure there’s amarket for it.
Coker 747 yielded fallry well this
year, as it has in the past, although
it is still a bit variable in its disease
susceptibility. A newer Coker
variety, 762, also yielded fairly
well. It doesn't appear to.be any
better than 747, but some farmers
may want to try it just to broaden
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their variety baseas a protection
against disease losses.
.Tyler and Wheeler are .two new
wheat varieties released last year
by Virginia. Yields and disease
resistance look so far
but both varieties are a little shy in
test weight, just on the borderline
of acceptibiiity. Seed is still in
short supply on these new releases,
but farmers who can get it may
want to see how well Wheeler and
Tyler perform on their particular
farm.
Maryland has just released a
new variety called Severen that is
performing well on test None of
the seed is available this year
except to certified seed growers.
Having new varieties like this one
waiting in the wings can help foil
disease organisms, which are the
major cause of yield reduction in
small grains. Scientists at the
University of Delaware
Agricultural Experiment Station
and Cooperative Extension Service
are working toward better control
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variety performance
as well as higher yields to justify
the cost of fungicide applications.
The researchers have also been
looking at no-tillage wheat and
barley production for the past two
years. The results have been quite
encouraging, but they’ve learned
that no-till small grains must be
grown according to a specific
recipe. Most important, small
grains cannot be planted in rows
wider than ten- inches. That
probably means it’s necessary to
use a no-till drill, whichshould be
properly set for accurate seed drop
and depth.
The researchers have also found
that it’s important to apply a
vegetative desiccant such as
Paraquat after planting to no-till
barley or wheat. This is especially
important after planting barley
since it is usually planted earlier.
When small grains are planted,
winter annuals such as henbit,
duckweed and German moss are
still small enough to be overlooked,
and a farmer may feel that
state
ZI R
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Gardens
water supply
BURLINGTON, Vt. -
Household wasbwater doesn’t have
to go down the drain. It can be
recycled directly into the home
vegetable and flower garden
through a “greywater” system.
With drought plaguing many
parts of the country and long-term
weather patterns increasingly in
question, gardeners are beginning
to look at the advantages of piping
water directly from showers,
bathtubs and washwater drains
into their gardens.
According to the Gardens for All
News, membership publications of
the nonprofit National Association
for Gardenings, greywater does
not require extensive chemical or
biological treatment before it can
be used in the garden as irrigation.
One square foot of loamy garden
soil can handle a half gallon of
waste water per week.
Some precautions must be taken,
however with substances like
grease and detergents heavy in
sodium salts.
Jack Robinson, president of
Gardens for All, commented, “It’s
estimated that in 1978 each
American used an average of 200
gallons of water a day, with 70
percent going into shower, bath
and toilet use. We’re now realizing
we-don’t have endless supplies in
all parts of the country, and use of
greywater recognizes in fact.’ ’
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Paraquat isn’t necessary.
However, cool autumn weather
and good moisture later in the
growing season cause these weeds
to grow rapidly and only then does
the grower realize a mistake has
been made. In two years of tests at
the Georgetown Substation, the
application of Paraquat after
planting resulted in yields almost
twice as high as those on untreated
plots.
The application of Paraquat at
planting does not take the place of
2,4-D or Banvel in the spring, Webb
notes.
University of Delaware studies
show that no-tillage wheat and
barley can yield as well or better
than conventional. But the con
sistency of yield has not really
been proven yet, so studies are
continuing.
recycle
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.State Zip
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