B6—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, June 13,1981
Processing ‘wastes’ prove valuable feed stuff
UNIVERSITY PARK - Wastes
from factories processing fruits
and vegetables could help find
large numbers of livestock and
dairy cattle in Pennsylvania this
summer in case of a drought, says
Lowell L. Wilson, animal scientist
at Penn State.
Such wastes from fruit and
vegetable processing make ex
cellent feed for farm animals,
Wilson claims. He and associates
in the College of Agriculture have
tested several materials for use as
animal feeds, including refuse
from apples, sweet com, peas, and
tomatoes.
Two other suitable animal feeds,
it was found, are chicken litter and
wood wastes from the manufac
ture of tissue paper. The ex
periments were earned out within
the Agricultural Experiment
Station at University Park.
While none of these wastes make
complete animal feeds, they can be
used to extend “standard” forages
and grains used in most livestock
and dairy cattle feeding.
Several companies in Penn
sylvania process and package a
wide variety of horticultural and
forestry products. In most cases,
wastes from canneries and frozen
food plants create disposal
problems. Thus, the plant refuse is
often available to farmers merely
for hauling it away.
“Most of the waste materials we
have tested are available m
various parts of the state,” Wilson
commented. “Fed to animals
during a drought, such plant refuse
not only replaces inadequate
summer forage but also helps to
conserve scarce com silage, hay,
and gram needed for subsequent
winter feeding,” he explains.
The various wastes have been
studied individually, mostly in beef
cattle finishing ration. As an
example, apple pomace was found
adequate to make up 35 percent of
a finishing ration as a replacement
for com silage—provided ad
_ditional protein supplement is fed
to balance the cattle diets.
Sweet com and pea cannery
wastes have been used primarily
as silage for winter feeding-of
mature beef cows. In this capacity,
they can be used as a complete
ration. However, feeding of some
hay in limited quantities usually
- results in better performance and
health of beef cows.
One of the most recent wastes
matenals studied at Penn State
was wood fines, which is cellulose
with the lignin removed. Wood
fines make a high-energy feed for
multl-stoniachpfl nnim-i'c.
(ruminants) such as cows and
sheep. These fines are a byproduct
from chemical treatment of wood
pulp in making tissue paper. The
research was conducted in
cooperation with a prominent
paper company in Mehoopany, Pa.
Wilson’s associates in the
Department of Dairy and Animal
Science have successfully used up
to 30 percent wood fmes in the diets
of dairy cows without a decrease in
milk production or its composition.
However, wood fmes are quite low
in protein, it was learned, which
means more than normal nrotem
supplement must be fed to produce
a protein-sufficient diet with ac
ceptable animal growth and
weight gams.
Research carried out at Penn
State, as well as findings at other
agricultural experiment stations m
the U.S., are summarized by
Wilson m a new publication,
“Handbook of Organic Wastes,”
by Litton Educational Publishing,
Inc., University of Cambridge,
England.
The handbook contains 15
chapters on many different
aspects of handling and using
organic waste materials coming
primarily from agriculture.
This research into “recycling”
of plant wastes is continuing at
Penn State. The team of resear
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Jr. P. Hereford Assn, plans field day
DOVER The Pennsylvania
Polled Hereford Junior
Association will be holding their
annual field day on Saturday, June
27 from 10 am. to 4 p.m. This
year’s educational and fun-filled
event will take place at the JDH
Polled Hereford Farm, located 10
miles west of York.
Heading the York County farm’s
program is County Extension
Agent Tony Dobrosky, recognized
as an expert in the beef cattle
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These men are currently
studying the nutritive value of
sawdust from different tree
species. They are also examining
demonstration will be provided by
Tim Livingston and Bill Fairbain.
And Terry Shearer, manager of
Pigeon Hill Farm (Herefords) will
be demonstrating the ‘art’ of
tagging and tattooing, with side
kick Don Sunday displaying his
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The ultimate question “What
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Farm, Smicksburg, Mdr (Polled
Herefords). And participants at ‘
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the feeding value of potato wastes
and other horticultural crops not
studied previously.
the field day will get their chance
to try their luck in the judge’s
shoes by taking part in a contest
officiated by Don Sunday and
Merle Krone.
The grade finale of the day will
be the crowning of the 1981 Penn
sylvania Polled Hereford Queen.
Prizes will be awarded to the
contest winners. And lunch will be
available at reasonable cost.
WENffHES/