COLUMBIA, Mo. Some
shade, fans, and sprayer-foggers
could help dairymen save several
hundred pounds of milk this
summer.
“In most years, dairymen can
expect to lose about 400 pounds of
milk per cow because of the heat.
Last summer in Missouri,
production dropped over 600
pounds per cow in many herds,”
said Barry Steevens, University of 1
Missouri-Columbia dairy
specialist.
“Summer stress also causes
breeding problems. Cows in heat
are difficult to detect in summer,
and services per conception will
rise from 1.5 to 4 or more per cow.
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Cool cows make more milk
Steevens said ''a dairy cow is
“quite a mobile furnace we have to
keep cool in the summer.”
He pointed out that a 1,400-pound
dairy cow will give off over 9,000
BTU’s of heat per hour the
energy equivalent of a quarter to a
half bale of hay each day.
To' help r cows beat the heat,
Steevens had these suggestions:
Give them shade.
“If you build shades, they should
be designed to provide 20 to 25
square feet of shaded area per
cow. The shade should be 10 to 12
feet high and the top side of the
metal should be painted white,”
said Steevens.
“Shade trees are big help, too—
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as long as there are enough for the
herd and as long as they aren’t
located on the south 40 a half-mile
away from the dairy bam! ”
Give them plenty of water.
“A dairy cow normally con- have installed 30-to 36-inch fans at
sumes 20 to 30 gallons of fresh the end of the bam to move air out
water a day and will drink up to 60 across the holding pen. Others
gallons on a hot day,” Steevens . have installed hog fogger nozzles
said. to spray fine mist that the fans
“Fresh feed and water should be
close to the cow. A shaded field
bunk is desirable, too. Design cool bams
“Don’t allow cows to wade in the Free-style barns hould be
farm pond, because this spreads'" designed with an open ridge,
disease and causes many Steevens recommends a minimum
problems.” of 6 inches for buildings 40 feet
Cool holding pens.
“First, don’t keep dairy cows
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in the holduig pen for over an hour
or you’ll lose millr production,”
Steevens said.
“Then do what you can to ven
tilate the place. Some dairymen
blow across the cows waiting to be
milked.”
wide. Add one inch for each ad
ditional ten feet of width.
“Also have openings along the
sides to allow for adequate air
- movement,” Steevens said.
“It’s also very desirable to have
a radiation barrier underneath the
metal roof to prevent radiation of
heat down into the bam. A three
quarter inch asphalt impregnated
Iron and
UNIVERSITY PARK - Too
much iron m the diet of baby pigs
can be a disadvantage in its fight
against microorganisms, ac
cording to Kenneth Kephart,
graduate assistant of Animal
- Science at Penn State.
Research at Purdue University
suggests that the inherent bac
teriostatic character of sow’s milk
is destroyed by the addition of iron.
One of the body’s normal defense
mechanisms against bacteria is an
iron-binding system. If we over
supply this binding system, the
excess iron may be used for
bacterial growth. .
Kephart noted, that the study
• All metal construction 60” dia
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• Fans and controls are warranteed
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cellotez under the metal is one
method of providing insulation
which will effectively reduce
radiation heat.”
Steevens said a number of
dairymen have successfully in
stalled a sprayer-foger nozzle to
spray fine mists of water across
cows in alleyways.
“It's important that the mist
does not get the stalls wet and that
there is adequate air movement
for evaporative cooling,” Steevens
said.
“Several dairymen who have
installed spray nozzles brought
their herd production back 20 to 30
percent this past summer.
“One method is to have a large
sprayer nozzle rated af 5 gallons
per hour which can be turned on
and off during the day. A large
three- or four-foot fan can help
move the air across the cows.
“Research shows that
evaporative cooling can add an
extra 120 pounds of milk per cow
during the summer.”
baby pigs
indicated bacterial growth in sow’s
milk was enhanced with small
additions of iron. Further, gut'
segments form the baby pigs were
found to have a higher coliform
type bacteria in an iron containing
medium.
Levels of iron used in the
cultures were similar to that found
in the gut when pigs were injected
with 200 mg of iron dextran. Ad
ditional research into irons effects
on pigs is being conducted.
It appears that two smaller iron
shots, 10 days to 2 weeks apart,
may be more desirable than one
large dose, Kepbart concluded.
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