A2o—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, April 25,1981
GEORGETOWN, Del. - As
vegetable producers get ready for
the growing season, one of their
first concerns is weed control.
When you’re ready to treat, it’s
important to use only those her
bicides labeled for the particular
crop you’re growing, cautions
Umversity of Delaware extension
vegetable specialist Mike Orzolek.
When you use a chemical not
labeled for a crop, not only do you
violate EPA regulations, you also
run the risk of crop injury, he says
It’s just as important to apply
materials at the labeled rate. If
you go above this, you may get
carry-over that affects the
following crop in that field.
Remember that herbicides
control only specific weeds, so
check labels carefully and relate
what you use to the weed problems
in each field
For instance, Junsonweed may
need controlling m one field, but
not in others. It helps to have a
good idea of the weed species in
each field ahead of time.
Orzolek suggests scouting the
land the previous fall and noting
what your problems are In one
field the problem may be chick
weed or henbit; in another,
crabgrass or witchgrass.
Map out the heavy infestations
If you can’t find a suitable her
bicide for a particular vegetable
crop such as spinach you can
always switch to a different one-
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Weed control
perhaps sweet corn, or field corn if
you’re into that kind of rotation.
There are several tank mixes
with atrazme which will give you
good control of most annual
grasses as well as the more
common broadleaf weeds: Some of
the more persistent broadleafs
such as horsenettle which have a
rhizome root system may require
cultivation m addition to an her
bicide for effective control.
In some cases you may need to
let such stubborn weeds grow
through the season, depending on
the vegetable crop. Tolerate them
unti 1 after harvest Then go in and
spot spray with Roundup. Wait two
weeks to give this time to take
effect before coming m with your
disk or plow.
Growers were hoping to have a
promising new material - Sonalan
- available for use on cucurbit
crops in Delaware this summer,
but clearance didn’t come through
in time for the manufacturer to
produce, package and distribute
the chemical for 1981
It should be available for the 1982
growing season, however, and
looks good for week control on
cucurbits like watermelons,
cantalopes and cucumbers, as well
as beans and peas, Orzolek says
In the meantime, there are
several standard herbicides you
can use on cucurbits this year Just
be sure to check the label to be sure
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tips for vegetable growers
the material you use is safe fdr the
crop you’re growing.
The specialist suggests you go by
recommendations in the current
Delaware Commercial Vegetable
guide. Copies of this extension
publication are available at county
extension offices in Newark (302-
738-2506), Dover (302-736-4675), and
Georgetown (302-856-5250).
If you’re using a pre-plant m
corported herbicide, take care not
to incorporate it any deeper than
recommended. Some materials
shouldn’t be worked in any deeper
than two inches.
If you disk them in to four or five
inches, you’ll either dilute them or
place the herbicide below weed
seeds where it can’t be effective as
a seed inhibitor. In either case, you
won’t get the control you’re after.
Pre-emergence herbicides
generally rquire water to be ef
fective. So if you think it’s going to
be a dry season, be sure you
provide for irrigation if you plan to
use one of these materials.
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Otherwise, be prepared for poor
weed control, or none at all.
Though moisture is less critical for
them, even pre-plant incorporated
materials work better if there’s
ram within two weeks after ap
plication.
Some new post-emergence
chemicals have been cleared for
use on vegetables this year. Just
remember that these products are
specific for either grass or
broadleaf weeds - not both.
Some weed killers must be ap
plied at the proper growth stage of
the weeds to be effective-another
good reason to read labels before
treating. For example, to control
ragweed, Basagran must be ap
plied when weed plants are two to
three inches tall. So take care not
to let weeds get beyond the con
trollable size.
Successful weed control also
depends on proper application.
Check your spray equipment over
well before using it. Pumps and
agitators should be working
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properly. Make sure spray tips
aren’t worn. Take cat ? to replace
screens frequently to prevent
blockage.
And make sure your boom is
level. If one side is higher than the
other, you could get some overlap.
This could result in chemical burn
to your crop, or carry-over in the
soil that damages the next crop.
Speaking of carry-over, there
are certain herbicides which are
very persistent. One used on
vegetables is Devrmal. There’s no
reason to be afraid to use such
materials,- but you must be aware
that after your crop is finished you
won’t be able to plant certain cover
crops such as barley, wheat or rye
unless you go in fust and mold
board plow.
Disking won’t turn the soil
enough to dilute the chemical.
Check the label and find out what
crops may be affected. Either
avoid them or moldboard plow.
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