Fine-tuning beef cattle feeding
BELTSVILLE, Md. - By
better understanding the
effect of various feeding
C regimes on cattle of different
body types (conformation),
producers may one day be
able to adjust their feeding
practices to produce cattle of
a desirable weight and
grade, says Gordon L.
Haaland, a research
nutritionist with USDA’s
Science and Education
Administration.
Haaland presented the
results of a feeding study
using Holstein and Angus
steers at the annual meeting
of the American Society of
Animal Science held
recently at Ithaca, N.Y. The
study showed marked dif
ferences in how cattle of
different body conformation
utilize energy
Haaland and his
colleagues in
Ruminant Nutrition
Beltsville, Md.,
L fed Holstein and Angus
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steers diets containing either
12 or 15 percent protein.
Steers weighed 225 to 350
kilograms at the start of the
experiment. The diets
consisted of a cracked-com
based concentrate and com
silage.
Rations were adjusted to
either 12 or 15 percent crude
protein using soybean meal,
and were fed either near
body maintenance or free
choice.
When comparing the diets,
the digestibility of feed was
increased for Holstein steers
when the protein was in
creased from 12 to 15 per
cent.
However, the Angus, in
creasing the protein content
of the diet from 12 to 15
percent did not increase the
digestibility , of the ration.
Consequently, breed dif
ference is of significance in
formulating diets.
The study also showed that
the more cattle ate (whether
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Angus or Holstein), the less
efficiently they digested
their food. However, with in
creased levels of intake,
digestibility was lower with
the 12 percent protein diet
than with the 15 percent
protein diet.
In comparing breeds,
Haaland found that Holstein
LITITZ Variety is the
spice of life, especially when
it comes to good nutrition.
Eating a variety of foods is
one of the seven dietary
guidelines Pennsylvania 4-
H’ers are
studying in their 4-H food
nutrition program.
An adequate diet should
contain a variety of foods
daily, including selections of
fruits and vegetables; whole
grain, enriched breads and
cereals; milk, cheese and
yogurt; meats, poultry, fish,
eggs and legumes (dry peas
and beans).
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steers required 20 percent
more energy for body
maintenance than Angus
steers. Therefore, when fed
a percentage of their live
weight, Angus had more
energy available for tissue
growth.
However, Angus also had a
high percentage of .tissue
Food
variety aids nutrition
The greater the variety of
foods, the less likely a person
may develop a single
nutrient deficiency. While
food alone does not assure a
healthy body, good eating
habits based on moderation
and food variety contribute
to improving nutrition and
health.
The Pennsylvania 4-H
food-nutntion program helps
young people develop skills
in planning, purchasing,
preparing and serving tasty,
attractive and nutritious
meals and snacks. The
program urges boys and
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incaster Fannins, Saturday, November 1,1980—A35
growth in the from of fat. At
equal intakes, Holstems
deposited slightly more lean
tissue than Angus, and
Angus deposited nearly
twice as much fat.
“This study emphasizes
the importance of fine
tuning feeding regimes to fit
the body type of the cattle
being fed By tailoring the
girls, eight to 19 to learn by
doing, and become familiar
with the principles of
nutrition as they relate to
health, physical fitness and
an attractive appearance.
As an added incentive,
Pennsylvania 4-H’ers who
excel in their 4-H food
nutrition projects are
eligible for awards donated
by General Foods and
arranged by National 4-H
Council.
Four members from each
county receive medals of
honor.
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type of feeding program to
the conformation of the
animal, the producer can
save money while producing
a better product,” Haaland
said.
Survey
(Continued from Page A 32)
for local governments and
interest groups to become
familiar with the Citizen’s
Viewpoint as a source for a
great deal of information. He
pointed out copies of in
dividual county survey
results can be obtained at
local Extension offices.
“After local people take a
look at the survey in
formation, we will be glad to
go over the survey with them
and help them pull out
pertinent issues. Then if
there is specific information
desired, the computer at the
University will be able, to
sort it and organize it by sex,
age, and county,” Fox said.
Fox concluded by en
couraging planning groups
to make use of the survey.
He noted the first request for
data using the University’s
computers is free. However
there may be a charge after
the initial request, he said.
For more information,
contact him at the Dauphin
County Cooperative Ex
tension Office, 75 South
Houcks Road, Harrisburg,
PA 17109, or contact your
local Extension office.-SM