(Continued from Page B 4)
/ould be an increase of
about 15 percent m the real
price of corn over the base
period.
Farmers would have to
find 97 million acres to plant
to com, opposed to the 80
million planted this year.
9r
LANCASTER
DAIRYMEN:
IT’S A FACT: chances are better
than 9 out of 10 that your herd of
slick, high-producing cows is
infected with roundworms. Here
are five more facts you should
know about worms, the productio
losses they can cause, and how
to help stop them with TBZ; the
prefreshening cattle wormer.
FACT I—Most wormy cows “look
healthy” because they eat enough to feed
the worms AND to keep themselves
looking good. University, Extension and
other scientists have proved over 90
percent of all cattle are wormy, even in
cold, northern donates
FACT 2—Worms can cut production,
even in top herds, by as much as 400 to
300 pounds per head per lactation.. show n
m trials in Wisconsin, Vermont and
other dairy states
FACT 3— One out of four da
now worm routinely and th<
PREFRESHENING DAIRY WORMER
1I / iMu d.iM . l. i- i i
Ethanol
Abel predicts a corn yield
at that tune of 121 bushels
per acre, reflecting a small
yield increase due to higher
real com prices making it
economical to use more
fertilizer and other inputs.
There would be smaller
I, I, , ,i I I W. I. I A I ' I >
levels of domestic and ex
port use of com compared to
the one billion and two billion
gallon ethanol production
levels because of higher
prices, but still significantly
higher domestic and export
use levels than in the base
period.
A whopping 1.57 billion
bushels of com would be
going mto the manufacture
of four billion gallons of
ethanol.
Abel leaves himself a few
other ‘outs’.
He notes that all of the
analyses are based on
realization of projected yield
increases for com. If those
yield increases are not met,
either through better
genetics, fertilization,
cropping methods or
whatever, the prices for com
could soar out of sight.
Both world gram demand
and world production could
grow either faster or slower
than the predictions.
Depending on the exact case,
the entire projection could
be thrown awry.
A decrease or increase in
yield of four bushels per acre
would lower or raise the
amount of com for ethanol
production by 300 million
bushels.
Government intervention
COUNTY
more are beginning every year,
FACT 4—Worming each cow with TBZ
before she calves lets her begin lactation
clean, and helps make peak production
possible all through lactation.
FACT S—TBZ is a one-close, one-time
worming treatment available in
paste, bolus, suspension and pellet fonns.
At the stanchion or in the calving
pen, TBZ makes w'orming each cow
as she freshens simple, easy, quick.
See your Dealer, Feed Supplier or
Veterinarian today
BZ
• ••
also remains an unknown
factor.
Government programs to
moderate variations in gram
supphes through the gram
reserve program are be
sufficient tc provide an
acceptable risk environment
for the expansion of ethanol
production, Abel says.
Even without government
programs, the value of a
bushel of com for ethanol
production would be as high
as $6.04 m 1985 and $9.25 in
1990. That is based on a
likely cost of unleaded
gasoline as high as $2.57 per
gallon by 1985.
It is likely that U.S.
ethanol production based on
com will contmue to grow m
the 80s, he says.
A two billion gallon
production level by 1990
appears to be likely and
output of four billion gallons
is quite possible if gasoline
prices contmue to increase
m real terms and domestic
and world gram production
continues to grow at
reasonable rates.—CH
Lancaster Farming, Saturday, September 13,1980-B5
Farm labor
force up
five percent
HARRISBURG - Penn
sylvania's farm labor force
was estimated at 143,000
workers during the week of
July 6-12. This is an increase
of five percent above last
July’s 136,000, according to
the Pennsylvania Crop
Reporting Service.
Farm operators and un
paid family members
working 15 hours or more
throughout the Com
monwealth numbered
100,000, while hired workers
totaled 43,000 during July
1980. This represents a 19
percent increase m hired
workers from July, 1979
while the family sector
remains unchanged.
The average workweek for
Pennsylvania farm
operators during the survey
period was 50.9 hours. Other
unpaid family workers
averaged 45.4 hours and
hired workers averaged 34.3
hours. National average are
40.4 hours for farm
operators, and other family
members, and 38.0 hours for
Tired workers.
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Family workers include
family members who work
15 hours or more without
receiving cash wages. Hired
workers include all persons
working one hour or more
for cash wages during the
survey week.
Farm wage rates, for all
methods of pay, converted to
an hourly rate, totaled $3.11
in Pennsylvania, up from
$2.91 in 1979. The national
average, $3.52, was up 29
cents from 1978. Com
monwealth field workers
averaged $2.83 per hour,
compared to $2.78 last year
at this time. Livestock
workers took home an
average of $3.05 per hour,
compared to last year’s
$2.70.
Nationally, the total
number of workers on farm
July 6-12 was 4,542,600, a
decline of 101,000 from last
July. Family workers and
operators totaled 2,751,200, a
decline of 80,700. The
number of hired workers
dropped 21,000 to 1,791,400
this July.