Al4—Lancaster Fanning, Saturday, May 10,1980
Jar with graduated markings and a watch are needed to check the flow rate of
nozzles on sprayer boom.
May
power spraying equipment
Following a test run over a measured course,
refill the sprayer tank with a bucket having
graduated markings to determine amount of liquid
used.
is time to check
; #
COLLEGE PARK, Md. -
May is a good time for Mid-
Atlantic area crop fanners
to check out their power
spraying equipment, says
Donald E. Osburn, Talbot
County extension
agricultural agent on
Maryland’s Eastern Shore.
Osburn notes that heavy
seasonal use of field
sprayers starts in June for
both weeds and insects in
com and soybean fields.
He points out that nozzle
output can vary as much as
50 to 100 percent from tip to
tip on a spray boom. So it’s
important to run a
calibration test on your
sprayer ahead of time to
insure uniform application
rate—and worthwhile
results.
Procedures for calibration
of power sprayers are
contained in two
publications available free
from county Extension of
fices throughout Maryland.
They are “Broadcast
Spraying” (Extensioa
Bulletin 229) and “Know
Your Sprayer Equipment”
(FACTS 99).
The latter publication also
contains tips for calibrating
hand sprayers. It is authored
by Gary L. Smith, an Ex
tension agricultural
engineering specialist at the
University of Maryland in
oouege Paik. Smith offers
the following pointers on
calibrating power sprayers
and selecting proper spray
nozzles.
First, on calibration -
Make sure that spray rig is
in good operating condition.
Fill the tank with clean
water. Start up sprayer and
watch for leaky hoses or
hose connections. Contmue
operating spray rig for
several minutes to flush out
tank and hose lines before
starting calibration test.
Use a bottle or jar, with
graduated markings, and a
timing device, such as a
watch with a sweep second
hand.
Placing evenly spaced
markings on a fruit jar will
suffice as a homemade
container. With sprayer m
operation, make sure that
container is held for exactly
one minute under each
nozzle. Replace nozzles
which give a flow rate more
than 10 percent different
from the volume produced
by other nozzles on the spray
boom.
Next, it’s important to run
a measured course.
Perform this test on type
of soil where you will be
spraying—not on a driveway
or other hard surface. If you
intend to use surfactants or
emulsifiable oils with your
spray, include these in the
test. They can significantly
affect the rate of flow
through spray nozzles. Note
exact level of liquid in tank
before beginning test run.
To determine distance to
drive, divide number of
square feet in one-fourth
acre (10,980) by effective
width of sprayer boom m
feet. Example: With a 30-
foot boom width, drive 363
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feet. Drive measured course
at normal speed for field
spraying. Keep track ot
exact time required for the
test.
Then, refill tank to
level at which test run
started.
Use a bucket with
graduated markings to
measure exact amount of
liquid expended during the
test run. Note; You can
make your own graduated
bucket with a marking pen
and gallon jug.
Multiply quantity of liquid
expended tunes four to get
rate per acre. Example; If 5
gallons are used m test run,
rate per acre is 20 gallons.
Dividing 120 by the tune in
seconds will give speed in
mil ps per hour used during
the test. Mark throttle
setting used so that speed
may be duplicated in the
future.
As a note on measuring
effective boom width, the
Maryland specialist
suggests adding Vk feet to
actual boom length when flat
fan nozzles are being used.
Other information on the
four basic types of spray
nozzles includes:
A hollow cone nozzle bears
the Whirchamber
trademark. It is used for
applying most insecticides
and fungicides—sometimes
for herbicides, too. It gives a
circular pattern of fine spray
droplets, with most of the
spray concentrated on the
perimeter of the circle
A flat fan nozzle is
recommended for pre
emergence and post
emergence application of
herbicides. Gives fan-hke
pattern of medium-sized
droplets; permits
overlapping of adjacent
patterns to give uniform
distribution.
This nozzle comes with an
mterchangeable tip which
gives a tapered flat fan
pattern for pre-emergence
band application of her-
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bicides over a row, as when
planting. But don’t mix the
two types of sprayer tips, or
you’ll have gaps m
spray pattern. «
The solid cone makes a
solid-circle pattern on
ground, as opposed to hoop
pattern of the hollow cone
nozzle. Used most often m
hand-held sprayers for
garden and nursery ap
plication. Often adjustable
for spraying fine mist m a
wide pattern, close up, or
narrow stream of coarse
droplets for more distant
application.
The flooding flat nozzle
has larger orifice then other
types; doesn’t plug up
easily. Gives a fan-hke
pattern of coarse droplets.
Useful for applying liquid
fertilizer or for pre
emergence and post
emergence of herbicides
where drift control is,
essential. Use plenty ofQ
liquid. Not recommended for
applying insecticides.
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