No-till gives net gain of 4.3 gallons fuel per acre
GEORGETOWN, Del.
Although U.S. fanners now
use only 2.5 percent of the
nation’s energy to produce
our abundant supplies of
food and fiber, they’re
looking for ways to cut costs
by conserving still more
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practices use the least
energy to produce the most
com, Delaware extension
agricultural engineer
Thomas H. Williams and
extension agronomist
William H. Mitchell studied
horsepower, fuel and labor
requirements for corn
production using moldboard
ERNON MYERS, INC.
STEEL BUILDINGS &
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R.D. 4-Box 845
Lebanon, Pa. 17042
Phone: (717)867-4139
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SOMERSET CO
SAM WEIDNER
Somerset PA 15501
814 445 8921
plow, chisel plow and no
tillage on sardy soil at the
University of Delaware
Georgetown Substation.
They also compared
several no-tillage cover
crops and rates of broadcast
nitrogen.
Comparing measurements
of tractor horsepower, fuel
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consumption and speed, as
■well as draft of pull-type
implements, Mitchell and
Williams found that the
moldboard plow tillage
system uses the most
energy. Substituting the
chisel plow for the mold
board plow results m a 20
percent reduction in fuel
.STATE ZIP
THOUSANDS
OF UNITS
INSTALLED IN
PENNSYLVANIA
MIFFLIN CO
Lancaster Farming, Saturday, February 9,1980—C41
consumption for tillage
operations through the
planting of com.
The most striking
reduction m energy con
sumption, however, is
achieved by the no-tillage
system.
It uses only 18 percent as
much fuel as the moldboard
plow system. Changing to
no-tiilage saves the
equivalent of 6.1 gallons of
gasoline per acre, and the
change mvolves the use of
only 1.8 gallons of gas
equivalent in pesticides.
If pesticides are included
in the energy input figures,
the net gam with no-till is 4.3
gallons of gas equivalent per
acre.
The largest energy input m
the no-till system is not
pesticides, but nitrogen
fertilizer. Adding biological
nitrogen through the use of a
vetch cover crop makes it
possible to reduce the energy
input considerably.
By substituting vetch and
reducing the synthetic
nitrogen input from 110 to 20
pounds per acre, the total
energy requirement for no
tillage drops to the
equivalent of 12.9 gallons of
gas, or about 40 percent of
that needed for the con
ventional moldboard plow
system (32.2 gallons of gas).
Energy savings through
the use of leguminous cover
crops such as vetch are not
limited to no-tillage systems,
although the reduction in
tillage operations usually
results m more growing tune
for the cover crop
Eighty to 90 percent of the
nitrogen in a vetch cover
crop is located in the top
growth, so the longer the
cover crop can grow before
ts.”
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it must be killed by her
bicides, the more nitrogen it
produces.
Results of the three-year
cover crop nitrogen study at
Georgetown show that cover
crops can be an important
aspect of a no-tillage system.
Spring oats increased com
yields above the control (100
pounds of applied nitrogen
but no cover crop) at all
levels of applied nitrogen.
This cover is normally killed
by winter temperatures.
Therefore, it must be
planted early m order to
develop a good ground cover
during the fall months.
Even more striking was
the spring oats-vetch mix
ture, which produced an
average of 18.9 bushels more
com than the control.
It is obvious, say the
researchers, that energy
savings can be achieved by
substitutions m energy in
puts, but care must be taken
to avoid yield losses m the
interest of energy con
servation. Fortunately,
Mitchell and Williams
conclude, those practices
which are most likely to
increase net protits are also
most likely to save energy.
Pa. broiler
placements
up
HARRISBURG - Ac
cording to the Pa. Crop
Reporting Service, the
placements of broiler chicks
m the Commonwealth during
the week ending Jan. 26,
totalled 2,283,000.
The placements were 4
percent above the
corresponding week a year
eafher, and 5 percent above
the previous week. Average
placements during the past 9
weeks were 4 percent above
a year earlier.
Settings for broiler chicks
were 2,852,000, 8 percent
below the previous week and
1 percent below the same
period a year ago.
Inshipments of broiler
type chicks during the past 9
weeks averaged 52,200,
compared with 78,000 a year
ago.
Outshipments averaged
159,800 during the past 9
weeks, 14 percent above a
year earlier.
anargy raaourca cantara I
458-8011 I
p o box 24. uwchljnd, pj 14440 |