New anthracnoses fungus discovered
BELTSVILLE, Md. -
Anthracnose, a serious
fungus disease of alfalfa in
the humid eastern United
States, caused damage
during the 1978 growing
season to alfalfa varieties
that were previously
resistant, according to
scientists in USDA’s Science
and Education Ad
ministration (SEA).
The scientists say farmers
should be alert to the new
9H107 Arlmda JET STREAM twin VG(B7) PQ 1 /79
USDA 1 /79 RIP 72% RPTY 98%
1140 dtrs , 603 herds avg 17 717 m 34% 602 f
Pred. Dlff. ’74 +slso +IB4OM +32F
9H602 CREEK Bluff Elevation Lester VG(BS)
USDA 1 /79 RIP 45% RPTY 33%
lldtrs 7 herds avg 19 099 m 38% 718 f
Pred Dift.’74+sl2l +1077M+45F
9H176 Letters Burkgov TRUMP EX(9O) PQI/79
USDA 1 /79 RIP 3% RPTY 79%
76dtrs 59 herds avg 16 278 m 37% 600 f
Pred Diff ’74+sll6+llloM+39F
98056 White Cloud Doreens DELegate VG(B7) Superior Sire 9J042 FINALIST of Marlu VG(BS)
USDA 1 /79 RIP 15% RPTY 98%
2110dtrs 499 herds avg 13 874 m 39% 542 f
Pred Diff ’74 +sl3o +1244M +44F
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anthracnose fungus, but
should continue to use an
thracnose resistant varieties
when planting alfalfa since
the potential problem of the
new disease is not yet
known.
Between 1968-75, scientists
at SEA’s Beltsville
Agricultural Research
Center in Beltsville, Md.,
developed breeding
techniques to improve an
thracnose resistance. As a
result, varieties with high
levels of disease resistance,
such as Arc, Saranac AR,
and Liberty, were made
available to growers by SEA
and State Agricultural
Experiment Station
scientists.
However, during the 1978
crop season, Beltsville Plant
Pathologist Dr. Stanley A.
Ostazeski and Research
Agronomist Dr. James H.
Elgin, Jr., and Dr. Ronald E.
9H129 Kmgstead f}ISE tiwn VG(B7)GM 5/75
USDA 1/79 RIP 13% RPTY 87%
119 dtrs ,85 herds avg 16,505 m 3 4% 56Df
, Pred. Diff ’74 +s9o +1284M +IIF
9H143 Hillhaven Standout JOB VG(BS) GM 9/76
USDA 1 /79 RIP 11 % RPTY 86%
114dtrs 82 herds avg 17,183 m 3 7% 636 t
Pred. Dtff ’74 +sl26 +1237M +4IF
9H148 Will Tn Frans Legacy VG(B7) PQ 1 / 79
USDA 1 /79 RIP 0% RPTY 77%
53 dtrs 48 herds avg 16 28 7m 37 % 603 f
Pred Diff ’74+sllB+ll67M+3BF
USDA 1 /79 RIP 0% RPTY 49%
19dtrs 10 herds avg 10 452 m 46% 477 f
Pred Diff ’74+5123 +I2BOM+37F
Welty, a SEA plant
pathologist at North
Carolina State University,
observed anthracnose
damage to supposedly
resistant varieties.
Further investigation and
testing of the fungus, taken
from plots near Cambridge
on Maryland’s eastern shore
and the University’s Pied
mont Research Station in
Salisbury, N.C., revealed the
new anthracnose to be very
from
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9H196 Shardale Arhnda Chief JEMINI VG(BS) PQ 1/ 79
USD A 1 /79 RIP 50% RPTY 66%
47dtrs 38 herds avg 17 090 m 38% 647 f
Pred Diff ’74 +IO2OM +47F +sl2l
9HI6OMor Clem Bootmaker CLEM GP(B2) PQ 1 79
USD A 1/79 RIP 1% RPTY 84%
107 dtrs 64 herds avg 15 908 m 35% 559 f
Pr*d Diff ’74 +s96 +1154M +22F
9H632 Md NEW HOPES Rebel Elevation EX(93)
USDA 1 /79 RIP 27% RPTY 20%
11 dtrs 1 he. n avg 20 916 m 34% 704 f
Pred. Diff. '74 +SIO4 +IIB7M +26F
9J043 Generators Orator of OGSTON VG(BS)
USDA 1 /79 RIP 3% RPTY 86%
ISSdtrs 49herdsavg 11 400m4 5% 512 f
Pred. Diff. ’74 +slo2 +1334M +IBF
Lancaster Farming, Saturday, February 24,1979
damaging to Arc and Liberty
but slightly less damaging to
Saranac AR.
The SEA scientists have
not yet determined whether
the fungus is a new species,
or a specialized race of the
original pathogen. Also,
there are no reports of the
new anthracnose in areas
other than at Cambridge,
Md., and Salisbury, N.C.
The scientists are con
cerned that the value of the
anthracnose resistance in
varieties now being'
marketed or in the’
developmental stages may
be affected by the discovery
of the new fungus.
Preliminary work at both
locations indicate that low
level resistance to the new
fungus is present in most
breeding lines. S,SA
scientists expect to have
highly resistant germplasm
available to plant breeders
toymid-1980.
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The course is available for
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