Pollution measuring method devised for tobacco
COLLEGE PARK, Md. -
Testing by scientists at the
Maryland Agricultural
Experiment Station in
dicates that ozone and other
photochemical oxidants can
reduce the growth and
productivity of Maryland
tobacco by perhaps as much
as 20 per cent.
Dr. Charles L. Mulchi and
Dr. M. Kenneth Aycock,
associate professor and
professor of agronomy,
respectively, at the
University of Maryland in
College Park have observed
pollution’s effect on tobacco
for nearly eight years.
Dr. Mulchi says that
tobacco growth has been
reduced, even though no
weather fleck or visual
symptoms appear.
However, with weather fleck
symptoms present, the
relative growth rate of
9H107 Arlinda JET STREAM-Twin (VG-87-PQ 7/78)
USDA 7/78 RIP 84% Rpt 95%
519 Dtrs 326 Herds 17.575 M 3 5 %
P D (’74) +1,930M-.21%
HFA Type Data (9/78)
228 Dtrs , Avg Age Ad, Score 81 0
93% Rpt PDT +0 11
WINTERMOYER JET STREAM (Grade 157)
3y7m 365 d 2X 23 353 3 1% 730
Owner Jack Ebersole Williamsport Md
JET STREAM ties together many desirable qualifications - a strong
pedigree an outstanding predicted difference and an exceptional type
transmitting pattern
JET STREAM daughters have real dairy quality with flat clean bone
and well attached high quality udders Look tor him to be an improver
of center support teat size and shape and fore and rear udders
His fiatbone characteristics set to the leg width of rump and width
of pelvic and thigh area along with his dairy strength makes him a fine
mating for ELEVATION and ASTRONAUT daughters A cross that should
produce results in the sale ring, the milking parlor, and show ring
tobacco declined by 30 to 40
per cent.
This shows that visual
observation, once thought a
good indication of pollution
effects, is not conclusive. A
look at genetic changes
within plant tissue may give
scientists more answers to
the Hidden damage.
Perhaps even more
significant than these results
is the field pollution ex
posure technique suc
cessfully developed during
the project.
Reports Mulchi, “It may
become a valuable technique
for screening other field
crops against pollutants
while working in an en
vironment more
representative of natural
conditions.” Already,
Maryland scientists are
testing soybeans and small
V*# S ““ * r
r »*■ /> " \ j , ,
grams with the technique
used in the tobacco studies.
Mulchi and Aycock
recently completed their
latest tobacco-air pollution
study. They attempted to
measure the effects of ozone
on the growth response of
four cultivars of Maryland
tobacco.
No significant differences
due to ozone were recorded
between cultivars. But Md.
872 and Md. 201 - both
relatively new Maryland and
U.S. Department of
Agriculture breeding
releases - showed less leaf
damage than did Md. 609 and
Md. 59. This indicates a
possibility of developing
plants tolerant to air
pollutants.
Mulchi and Aycock grew
the cultivars under natural
619 F
+37F +sl49
JET STREAM’S second crop daughters are outstanding The number of
daughters in his production proof now totals 519 and his daughters
classified now totals 228 The dairymen milking JET STREAM’S are
very pleased with some two year olds milking over 90 lbs of milk
per day You can see why they are using him again' You should too'
Sire Power offers both Professional Technician
and Direct Herd Service.
Call Today.
Phone: 717-836-3168
from
FO-MA-TO-SA COMMANDER JAN (EX-2E)
5 9 360 d 2X 27,210 37% 1010
9 0 341 d 2X 27 460 38% 1048
10 0 327 d 2X 20,710 41% 848
11 0 329 d 2X 21 370 40% 857 (Inc)
Lifetime to date 209,670 M 39% 8199 F
A** W-' I*’*'"* 1 *’*'"* *u» -
*
- JV i
:, r.- vt^rr-spl
# J*
Jf*
TODD ACRES JET STREAM PHYLLIS (VG-85)
2y6m 345 d 2X 19,890 41% 826
3y6m 338 d 2X 25 915 40% 1014
Owner Owen Martin Hagerstown Md
enviornmental conditions,
filtered-air control, and
filtered-air plus ozone. All
studies were conducted at
the University of Maryland
tobacco research farm near
Upper Marlboro.
The Maryland scientists
housed cultivar groups in
specially designed chambers
equipped with air blowers
for charcoal-filtered air or
ozone, generated from
oxygen cylinders.
Mulchi and Aycock
planted the tobacco plots on
June 2, 1977. Treatments
began on June 21 and ended
June 30, after nine days of
ozone exposure.
They analyzed total dry
weights, net increase in dry
weights, relative growth
rates, leaf damage ratings
and number of leaves
damaged per cultivar.
Member Cooperatives
Northeastern Breeders Association
Md Artificial Breedr "loop Inc
Six sons in A 1
1 i
-‘ ‘ £
Lancaster Farming, Saturday, November 11,1978
Tobacco grown in filtered
air experienced the largest
net increase in dry weight
and the highest relative
growth rate. Plants grown
in natural environmental air
averaged 73 to 83 per cent of
the growth expressed by
filtered-air controls. Mulchi
said plants grown in filtered
air plus ozone averaged 55 to
73 per cent of the growth
expressed by the filtered-air
controls.
Mulchi wants to
total planting-to harvest
study next. While he
develops technique for that
grand-scale experiment,
Maryland scientists will
examine the hidden damage
that pollution may cause.
Scientists will study en-
Barbara Herr, Narvon, won champion market
lamb and reserve champion market lamb with her
Hampshire entries at the Keystone International
Livestock Exposition’s junior market lamb class on
November 5.
Herr fares well
with market lambs
Harrisburg - Barbara
Herr, Narvon, fared well
again this year in the 4-H and
FFA junior market lamb
competition held November
SPUMING
CHOICE
For 20-mile-a-day comfort,
sportsmen choose Red
Wing Irish Setters
* Sizes 6-16
Widths AA-EEEE
'Not all sizes in all widths
I RED Lrfgrl
I WING IW* I
BOOKS
SHOE SERVICE
107 E. STATE ST.
QUARRYVILLE, PA 17566
717-786-2795
zyme systems of plants
exposed to air pollutants and
the effect of air pollutants on
photosynthesis - the net rate
of carbon dioxide uptake.
Tobacco serves as a model
crop for all of these ex
periments. Says Mulchi,
“We will extend the learned
techniques and philosophy to
other crops.”
And, Mulchi will do just
that when he presents a
report next month on his
work - as it relates to
tobacco, soybeans and wheat
- to the American Society of
Agronomy annual con
vention in Chicago, thus
sharing his ideas with a
pollution-ridden nation. The
ASA meeting is scheduled
Dec. 3 to 7 at Hyatt-Regency
hotel.
5 at the Keystone In
ternational Livestock Ex
position, Harrisburg.
Barbara showed the
champion lamb and reserve
champion lamb, both
Hampshires. She also
showed the grand champion
pen of three lambs, and was
first in the 80-100 pound class
and the 101-120 pound class.
Results for the junior
market lambs follow;
Lambs 80-100 pounds; 1.
Barbara Herr, Narvon; 2.
Tim Grimes, Paris, Ohio; 3.
Carol Grimes, Paris, Ohio;
4. Margaret Herr, Narvon;
5. and 6. Joyce Witt,
Champion.
Lambs 101-120; 1. Barbara
Herr; 2. Margaret Herr; 3.
Mike Robinson,
Rushsyvama, Ohio; 4. Ruth
Grim, Breimgsville; 5.
Barbara Herr.
Pen of three lambs: 1.
Barbara Herr; 2. Mike
Robinson; 3. Ruth Gnm; 4.
Margaret Herr; 5. Tim
Grims.
Champion market lamb,
Barbara Herr.
Reserve Champion
Market Lamb, Barbara
Herr.
43