—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, March 11,1978
110
Sanitation Ist
By JOANNE SPAHR
LANCASTER - Sanitation
is the best means of con
trolling external parasites
on birds as well as flies
around the poultry operation
says Dr. Clarence H.
Collison, Extension en
tomologist with Penn State
University.
“Strict sanitation is the
key to keeping pest
populations from building
up," emphasizes Collison. In
caged operations, it is of
utmost importance to keep
the floors and areas around
legs and stands free of
materials such as litter that
harbor these pests. In the
case of floor bird operations,
the equipment should be of
the type that knocks down
easily and can easily be
sprayed, he continues.
Other key ingredients to
controlling external
parasites include keeping
wild birds away from the
flock as well as cats,
rodents, and even the
poultryman, himself, if he
does not follow the ap
propriate sanitation
methods.
Inspecting flocks regu
larly is another factor in pest
prevention. Along with this,
it is of considerable import
that the poultryman
diagnose the pest problem
and then determine the best
way to solve it.
For example, northern
fowl mites and lice complete
their life cycles on the bird.
Therefore, the best pesticide
method in this case is direct
application to the bird.
However, the fowl tick and
the bed bug are found on the
bird only during feeding
time, or in the evening. In
this instance, the best type of
treatment would be an ap
plication of pesticide to the
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premises with, supplemental
direct application to the
birds.
Along with diagnosing the
problem, important factors
in deciding the form of ap
plication'to be used is the
type of operation as well as
the kind of application
equipment available. Four
other variables to consider
when trying to control pests
is the time of year, the
availability of chemicals in
the area, the cost of the
materials, and the types of
formulations available.
According to Collison, in
cold weather, the
poultryman may find it more
advantageous to apply a dust
rather then to stress the
birds by making them wet.
In this case, Collison notes
that when dusting birds on
wire, it is of considerable
importance to apply the
spray over the backs of the
birds as well as from un
derneath in order to give
them complete coverage.
Collison also recommends
spraying in the evening
when the birds are quiet for
the best results.
In discussing the northern
fowl mite - the worst ex
ternal parasite problem in
the state - Collison reminded
poultrymen that malathion
won’t control resistant
northern fowl mites.
Studies do show, however,
that applying split sprays in
caged operations is a great
deal more effective in
controlling northern fowl
mites than a single ap
plication. According to
Collison, a split application
consists of Vz the normal
amount of insecticide nor
mally used in a single ap
plication mixed with the
normal amount of water for
that single application.
in poultry parasite control
Dr. Clarence Collison
After the flock has been
sprayed with this mixture,
the remaining half of the
spray is mixed with equal
amounts of water as before,
and the birds are sprayed a
second time. Because the
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feathers are already wet
from the first application,
the second spray gets better
- coverage with less run off.
Regardless of what
pesticide is used, Collison
sternly cautions in
dustrymen that the labels on
the sprays must be strictly
followed.
“Not all the materials
used for pest control are
labeled for all the poultry
pests, nor are they ail
labeled for just any type of
application that you might
choose. You must follow the
label, follow the directions,
use only the particular type
of application it calls for,
and for the particular pest
species it can control.
Any other use of that
pesticide is both a violation
of state and federal
regulations,” he points out
FLY CONTROL
Sanitation is alsojcey to
control of flies in the poultry
operation.
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“The biggest factor in
limiting fly populations is
manure management,”
notes Collison.
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(Turn to Page 11J
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